Session hijacking occurs when a session token is sent to a client browser from the Web server following the successful authentication of a client logon. A session hijacking attack works when it compromises the token by either confiscating or guessing what an authentic token session will be, thus acquiring unauthorized access to the Web server. This can result in session sniffing, man-in-the-middle or man-in-the-browser attacks, Trojans, or even implementation of malicious JavaScript codes.
Web developers are especially wary of session hijacking because the HTTP cookies that are used to sustain a website session can be bootlegged by an attacker.
Session hijacking occurs when a session token is sent to a client browser from the Web server following the successful authentication of a client logon. A session hijacking attack works when it compromises the token by either confiscating or guessing what an authentic token session will be, thus acquiring unauthorized access to the Web server. This can result in session sniffing, man-in-the-middle or man-in-the-browser attacks, Trojans, or even implementation of malicious JavaScript codes.
Web developers are especially wary of session hijacking because the HTTP cookies that are used to sustain a website session can be bootlegged by an attacker.
Computer Security : Introduction, Need for security, Principles of Security,
Types of Attacks
Cryptography : Plain text and Cipher Text, Substitution techniques, Caesar
Cipher, Mono-alphabetic Cipher, Polygram, Polyalphabetic Substitution,
Playfair, Hill Cipher, Transposition techniques, Encryption and Decryption,
Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Cryptography, Steganography, Key Range and
Key Size,
Possible Types of Attacks
Symmetric Key Algorithms and AES: Algorithms types and modes, Overview
of Symmetric key Cryptography, Data Encryption Standard (DES), International
Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA), RC4, RC5, Blowfish, Advanced Encryption
Standard (AES)
Asymmetric Key Algorithms, Digital Signatures and RSA: Brief history of
Asymmetric Key Cryptography, Overview of Asymmetric Key Cryptography,
RSA algorithm, Symmetric and Asymmetric key cryptography together, Digital
Signatures, Knapsack Algorithm, Some other algorithms (Elliptic curve
cryptography, ElGamal, problems with the public key exchange)
Avoiding Man in the Middle Attack Based on ARP Spoofing in the LANEditor IJCATR
As technology is running on its wheels, networking has turned into one of our basic aspects. In this world along with
networking inimical vulnerabilities are also advancing in a drastic manner, resulting in perilous security threats. This calls for the great
need of network security. ARP spoofing is one of the most common MITM attacks in the LAN. This attack can show critical
implications for internet users especially in stealing sensitive information’s such as passwords. Beyond this it can facilitate other
attacks like denial of service(DOS), session hijacking etc..,. In this paper we are proposing a new method by encrypting MAC address
to shield from ARP cache poisoning
In cryptography, a cryptosystem is called a threshold cryptosystem.
If in order to decrypt an encrypted message or to sign a message
several parties must cooperate in the decryption
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Enhancement in network security with security protocolseSAT Journals
Abstract Network security is a wider term used habitually to be an eternal security medium to the broadcasting environment. Cryptography, Authentication and access control Mechanisms play a vital role in secure communication over the network. The computer network is a collection of network that shares information across wired or wireless technology. In order to transfer data in a protected and confidential manner there are several security measures available. Network security can also be referred to as network safety. Network security is used to prevent the attacks by using protocols during the communication of data. This paper describes the several types of attacks, threats and protocols which attempts the secure communication between client and server. Keywords: - DSA, DDOS, HTTPS, RADIUS, VPN, IPSEC etc…
When you browse the net - you often send sensitive and highly personal data - passwords, banking information and so much more. One of the basic protections we have is a secure connection - or HTTPS instead of a HTTP. What does this mean? Should you enable this secure connection on your website? How can you inform your users to seek out these connections?
Typing our banking information, secure passwords or our credit card information into an unsecure connection - can put at anyone at high risk of having our information stolen.
This scenario and various others are all to true in the digital age and can wreak havoc on many individual’s personal lives. Some leading towards bankruptcy and financial ruin. This webinar will discuss:
- what HTTPS is
- how it functions
- how to enable it
- where to get a SSL certificate that will sign your HTTPS implementation
-along with where it should be implemented.
Many websites use HTTPS in place of HTTP, which has led to questions about the HTTP vs HTTPS difference. Research shows that HTTPS is faster than HTTP for retrieving webpages and in terms of HTTP vs HTTPS performance, requires less time to load webpages. Here's a blog on HTTP vs HTTPS Difference Read Now.
Computer Security : Introduction, Need for security, Principles of Security,
Types of Attacks
Cryptography : Plain text and Cipher Text, Substitution techniques, Caesar
Cipher, Mono-alphabetic Cipher, Polygram, Polyalphabetic Substitution,
Playfair, Hill Cipher, Transposition techniques, Encryption and Decryption,
Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Cryptography, Steganography, Key Range and
Key Size,
Possible Types of Attacks
Symmetric Key Algorithms and AES: Algorithms types and modes, Overview
of Symmetric key Cryptography, Data Encryption Standard (DES), International
Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA), RC4, RC5, Blowfish, Advanced Encryption
Standard (AES)
Asymmetric Key Algorithms, Digital Signatures and RSA: Brief history of
Asymmetric Key Cryptography, Overview of Asymmetric Key Cryptography,
RSA algorithm, Symmetric and Asymmetric key cryptography together, Digital
Signatures, Knapsack Algorithm, Some other algorithms (Elliptic curve
cryptography, ElGamal, problems with the public key exchange)
Avoiding Man in the Middle Attack Based on ARP Spoofing in the LANEditor IJCATR
As technology is running on its wheels, networking has turned into one of our basic aspects. In this world along with
networking inimical vulnerabilities are also advancing in a drastic manner, resulting in perilous security threats. This calls for the great
need of network security. ARP spoofing is one of the most common MITM attacks in the LAN. This attack can show critical
implications for internet users especially in stealing sensitive information’s such as passwords. Beyond this it can facilitate other
attacks like denial of service(DOS), session hijacking etc..,. In this paper we are proposing a new method by encrypting MAC address
to shield from ARP cache poisoning
In cryptography, a cryptosystem is called a threshold cryptosystem.
If in order to decrypt an encrypted message or to sign a message
several parties must cooperate in the decryption
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Enhancement in network security with security protocolseSAT Journals
Abstract Network security is a wider term used habitually to be an eternal security medium to the broadcasting environment. Cryptography, Authentication and access control Mechanisms play a vital role in secure communication over the network. The computer network is a collection of network that shares information across wired or wireless technology. In order to transfer data in a protected and confidential manner there are several security measures available. Network security can also be referred to as network safety. Network security is used to prevent the attacks by using protocols during the communication of data. This paper describes the several types of attacks, threats and protocols which attempts the secure communication between client and server. Keywords: - DSA, DDOS, HTTPS, RADIUS, VPN, IPSEC etc…
When you browse the net - you often send sensitive and highly personal data - passwords, banking information and so much more. One of the basic protections we have is a secure connection - or HTTPS instead of a HTTP. What does this mean? Should you enable this secure connection on your website? How can you inform your users to seek out these connections?
Typing our banking information, secure passwords or our credit card information into an unsecure connection - can put at anyone at high risk of having our information stolen.
This scenario and various others are all to true in the digital age and can wreak havoc on many individual’s personal lives. Some leading towards bankruptcy and financial ruin. This webinar will discuss:
- what HTTPS is
- how it functions
- how to enable it
- where to get a SSL certificate that will sign your HTTPS implementation
-along with where it should be implemented.
Many websites use HTTPS in place of HTTP, which has led to questions about the HTTP vs HTTPS difference. Research shows that HTTPS is faster than HTTP for retrieving webpages and in terms of HTTP vs HTTPS performance, requires less time to load webpages. Here's a blog on HTTP vs HTTPS Difference Read Now.
This is the presentation I gave at OggCamp 2009. It is a high level overview of various methods of producing trust and then using them on untrustworthy connections. It was mostly recorded (up to the last slide) at http://qik.ly/m6Be
I gave this talk again on the main stage at BarCamp Manchester 2
JoomlaDay Austria 2016 - Presentation Why and how to use HTTPS on your website!Wilco Alsemgeest
Why should you use HTTPS and how can you use this?
These are the two most important questions when thinking about secure communication between the visitors and your website.
This is exactly what the presentation was about.
What is HTTPS?
How does the basics work?
What do I to know about it?
How does it work with Joomla! ?
Presentation was given at the JoomlaDay in Austria December 2016, to different kind of Joomla! users, from beginners to developers.
what is transport layer what are the typical attacks in transport l.pdfbrijeshagarwa329898l
what is transport layer? what are the typical attacks in transport layer? what are the controls that
are employed in the layer to minimize the attack or vulnerability that leads to the attack? cite
references
Solution
Transport Layer:-
In computer networking, the transport layer is a conceptual division of methods in the layered
architecture of protocols in the network stack in the Internet Protocol Suite and the Open
Systems Interconnection (OSI). The protocols of the layerprovide host-to-host communication
services for applications.
Typical attacks in transport layer:-
1. SESSION HIJACKING: Session Hijacking is commonly known as TCP session Hijacking is a
way of taking over a secure/ unsecure web user session by secretly obtaining user’s session ID
and pretending to be the authorized user for accessing the data. How it works and types: Session
hijacking works by taking advantage of the fact that most communications are protected (by
providing credentials) at session setup, but not thereafter. These attacks generally fall into three
categories: Man-in-the-middle (MITM), Blind Hijack, and Session Theft. In MITM attacks, an
attacker intercepts all communications between two hosts. With communications between a
client and server now flowing through the attacker, he or she is free to modify their content.
Protocols that rely on the exchange of public keys to protect communications are often the target
of these types of attacks. In blind hijacking, an attacker injects data such as malicious commands
into intercepted communications between two hosts commands like “net.exe local group
administrators /add Evil Attacker”. This is called blind hijacking because the attacker can only
inject data into the communications stream; he or she cannot see the response to that data (such
as “The command completed successfully.”) Essentially, the blind hijack attacker is shooting
data in the dark, but as you will see shortly, this method of hijacking is still very effective. In a
session theft attack, the attacker neither intercepts nor injects data into existing communications
between two hosts. Instead, the attacker creates new sessions or uses old ones. This type of
session hijacking is most common at the application level, especially Web applications. Main
features are: -URL (Uniform resource locator) -Cookies -Session ID The cookies stores the
previous records of the users and the URL logs can give the current visited site, a hacker take
benefits from it and hacks user’s session ID through it, after doing that it pretends to be the
authorized user and accesses the data. A cookie usually is a piece of text sent by a server to the
web client and sent back unchanged by the client, each time it access the data. 1.1 Methods used
to perform session hijacking: 1.1.1IP Spoofing: It basically means taking identity of someone
else to perform some task, in this the attacker pretends to be the authorized user and access some
confidential information, not only this, the.
ER(Entity Relationship) Diagram for online shopping - TAEHimani415946
https://bit.ly/3KACoyV
The ER diagram for the project is the foundation for the building of the database of the project. The properties, datatypes, and attributes are defined by the ER diagram.
1.Wireless Communication System_Wireless communication is a broad term that i...JeyaPerumal1
Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.
Wireless communication is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
Features of Wireless Communication
The evolution of wireless technology has brought many advancements with its effective features.
The transmitted distance can be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a television's remote control) and thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
Wireless communication can be used for cellular telephony, wireless access to the internet, wireless home networking, and so on.
Multi-cluster Kubernetes Networking- Patterns, Projects and GuidelinesSanjeev Rampal
Talk presented at Kubernetes Community Day, New York, May 2024.
Technical summary of Multi-Cluster Kubernetes Networking architectures with focus on 4 key topics.
1) Key patterns for Multi-cluster architectures
2) Architectural comparison of several OSS/ CNCF projects to address these patterns
3) Evolution trends for the APIs of these projects
4) Some design recommendations & guidelines for adopting/ deploying these solutions.
This 7-second Brain Wave Ritual Attracts Money To You.!nirahealhty
Discover the power of a simple 7-second brain wave ritual that can attract wealth and abundance into your life. By tapping into specific brain frequencies, this technique helps you manifest financial success effortlessly. Ready to transform your financial future? Try this powerful ritual and start attracting money today!
This 7-second Brain Wave Ritual Attracts Money To You.!
Session hijacking
1. Session Hijacking
Why web security depends on communications security and how TLS
everywhere is the only solution.
Pushpinder Joshi – http://www.Pushpindersinghjoshi.wix.com/pushpi-it-soluti
2. Introduction
Transport Layer Security (TLS), and its predecessor Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) as many
will know it, are cryptographic protocols used to offer communication security over the
Internet.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is not actually a protocol in and of itself. It
is actually the use of Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) on top of TLS which affords the
standard HTTP communications protocol the protection of TLS.
Session Hijacking (a.k.a. Session Sidejacking) is a form of Man In The Middle (MITM)
attack in which a malicious attacker has access to the transport layer and can eavesdrop
on communications. When communications are not protected they can steal the unique
session ID and impersonate the victim on the target site. This grants the attacker access
to your account and data.
3. • To verify the website you are connecting to is the genuine website.
• To ensure the privacy of your data during transit.
• To ensure the integrity of your data during transit.
Why do we use TLS?
5. Example
The login form is loaded over HTTPS to ensure the
integrity of the form in transit. This prevents a man in
the middle from altering the form.
The login form then submits the user credentials over
HTTPS to ensure the same man in the middles can’t read
the credentials in transit.
The TLS certificate also allows us to be confident that the
website we are viewing is actually the website it claims
to be.
The fact that TLS has been utilised is an
acknowledgement that a man in the middle could access
or modify data during transit.
6. Example
The problem arises when the site reverts back to loading
content over HTTP once the user has authenticated. The
assumption is that now the sensitive user credentials have been
exchanged we no longer need to protect the traffic during
transit.
7. Why does this
matter?
• Once you have logged in on the secure login page, your session ID lets the
server remember you have logged in without having to keep sending your
username and password to prove your identity.
• Once the website reverts back to HTTP your session ID still has to be sent but is
no longer afforded the protection offered by TLS.
• HTTP and HTTPS are stateless protocols. This means each time you request some
new content from the site (a page, image or any form of media) the server does
not know who you are, it does not remember you.
• To combat this, when you first visit a site you are issued a unique session ID.
With each request you send to the site, your session ID is sent with it. This is how
the site identifies you.
8. Summary
TLS (HTTPS) was used to protect your
username and password during the logon
process to prevent a man in the middle
viewing the content of your traffic and
stealing your credentials. The session ID is not
being afforded the same level of protection
but an attacker could use it to impersonate
you on the target website. All they need to
do is substitute their own session ID with
your session ID and the server will believe the
attacker is you. Once your session ID has
been obtained this is a trivial task. The
attacker is then logged in to your account
and can do anything that you could do.
9. Conclusion
• Whilst obtaining your session ID does not generally reveal your username or
password the attacker can still access your account as if they were logged in as you.
• This attack is possible because TLS is not used across the entire site.
• We accept an attacker could access our traffic, which is why we need TLS in the first
instance.
• Sites regularly fail to protect the session ID which can be considered an equivalent to
your user credentials on the target website.
• Forcing all traffic to the site over HTTPS would completely mitigate a session
hijacking attack.
10. Thanks
You can find more info covering this and other forms of attack on my blog:
http://www.pushpindersinghjoshi.wix.com/pushpin-it-solution
Please feel free to share this information generously but do provide
attribution back to my site.