This document discusses the potential of fruit trees in dryland regions of Sub-Saharan Africa to improve food and nutrition security and generate income. It provides examples of how various communities utilize different fruit tree species for food, medicine, income, and other purposes. While fruits can fill seasonal "hunger gaps" and provide needed nutrients, their potential is not fully realized due to threats like overharvesting and habitat loss. More research is still needed on fruit tree production, contributions to nutrition and income, nutrient profiles of underutilized species, and factors influencing cultivation and consumption. Overall, the document argues that fruits can play an important role but this role is not yet optimized.