This document outlines the history of land ownership and distribution efforts at Hacienda Luisita, a large estate in the Philippines. It describes how the land was acquired in 1957 and the long legal battle over the next several decades as farmers fought for land distribution rights under the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) enacted in 1988. Key events include an stock distribution option plan in 1989, petitions to revoke it in 2003, violence in 2004, and a Supreme Court ruling in 2011 ordering distribution of over 4,000 hectares to farmers.

2.  1957—Jose Cojuangco Sr. acquires
Central Azucarera de Tarlac, including
Hacienda Luisita, from the Spanish
company Compania General de
Tabacos de Filipinas (Tabacalera)
through a Central Bank-guaranteed loan
from the Government Service Insurance
System and a dollar loan from the
Manufacturer’s Trust of New York.

3.  May 7, 1980—The Marcos government files
a civil case before the Manila Regional Trial
Court (RTC) to compel the distribution of
the land to farm workers.
 Dec. 2, 1985—Manila RTC orders the transfer
of the hacienda to the Ministry of Agrarian
Reform, which will distribute the land to
farmers after compensating the landowners
P3.988 million. The Cojuangcos brought the
case to the Court of Appeals.

4.  February 1986—Cory C. Aquino, one of
Cojuangco’s five heirs and the widow of
slain Sen. Ninoy Aquino, is installed as
President after People Power Revolution
ousts Marcos.
 July 22, 1987—Aquino issues Presidential
Proclamation No. 131 and Executive Order
No. 229 calling for a Comprehensive
Agrarian Reform Program (CARP).

5.  March 17, 1988—Solicitor general files
motion to dismiss the civil case against
the Cojuangcos, citing CARP; court
grants motion.
 June 10, 1988—CARP law is
enacted, provides stock distribution
option (SDO) scheme as an alternative
to land distribution.

6.  Aug. 23, 1988—Tadeco creates
Hacienda Luisita Inc.(HLI) for SDO deal.
 May 9, 1989—In a referendum, 92.6
percent of farmers voted ―yes‖ to SDO;
assets of HLI is put at P590 million, of
which P196.6 million comprise the value
of the agricultural land.

7.  Oct. 14, 2003—Supervisors petition DAR
to revoke SDO, saying HLI was not giving
them dividends, their one-percent share
in gross sales and 33-percent share in the
proceeds from the conversion of 500
hectares of land.
 Dec. 4, 2003—5,000 farmers file a
supplemental petition to revoke
SDO, claiming deal is unconstitutional.

8.  Nov. 16, 2004—Seven people are killed
and scores are injured in a violent
dispersal of striking workers.
 Sept. 30, 2005—DAR cancels SDO, orders
distribution to farmers of estate.

9.  Dec. 20, 2005—The Presidential Agrarian
Reform Council (PARC) upholds DAR
decision. HLI asks the Supreme Court to
nullify the PARC resolution.
 June 2006—Supreme Court issues a
temporary restraining order against PARC’s
resolution.
 July 5, 2011—Court upholds DAR revocation
of SDO, but calls for another referendum.

10.  Nov. 22, 2011— Responding to an
appeal, court votes 14-0 for distribution
of 4,195 hectares of the hacienda to
6,296 farm worker-beneficiaries, sets 1989
as basis for land valuation.

12.  4,915.75 hectares – Total area of
agricultural land covered by the stock
distribution program which was
approved in November 1989
 500 hectares – Area that had been
converted for residential-industrial-
commercial use—200 hectares were sold
to Luisita Realty Corp. while 300 hectares
were sold to Luisita Industrial Park Corp.

13.  80.51 hectares – Area sold to the
government as part of the Subic-Clark-
Tarlac Expressway (SCTEx)
 4,335 hectares – Land to be distributed to
farmworker-beneficiaries (FWBs) or their
successors in interest
 6,296 – Total number of original FWBs of
Hacienda Luisita who will benefit from the
Supreme Court decision

14.  4,206 – Total number of nonqualified
FWBs, or those who will not benefit from
the high court’s ruling
 P196.6 million – The value of 4,915.75
hectares at 1989 prices

15.  Tarlac City
› CutCut
› Bantog
› Balete
› Asturias
› Lourdes
› Mapalacsiao
 Concepcion town
› Parang
› Pando
› Mabilog
 La Paz town
› Motrico

17.  1988, Republic Act 6657
 Seeking the distribution of some agricultural
land for farmers and regular farm workers.
 Estimated 10M Hectares will be insert for
distribution.

18.  Farmers will have their own land for
agricultural purposes.
 Farmers will have opportunities to improve
the quality of their life and their family.
 Change the human perspective regarding
the Filipino farmers.

19.  The Law will covered the land area
covered by Hacienda Luisita.
 As the law provided, the land must be
distributed to the farmers.
 Hacienda Luisita farmers will benefit from
the programs held by the CARP.

20.  CARP did not success to covered the
Hacienda Luisita. As land owners still
have the authority over the hacienda for
the past decades.
 And for the past decades hacienda
farmers still looking forward on their
claim, as CARP promised.

21.  Farmers are still fighting, as they do
protest for their right, to claim their
promised land even if it will cost their life.
 History will tell us, on how many blood
lost as about this issue.

22.  Finally, in 2011, SC order the actual
distribution of land. This will be done by
compensating the Hacienda Luisita
owners, the Cojuanco – Aquino family.

23.  They will be compensated for 4,335
hectares of land which will be distributed to
the farmers.
 Notice (based on report):
if each hectare is valued P1,000,000. then,
P1,000,000 x 4,335 hectares = P4.335 billion.

24.  The compensation became major issue
to the public, because the fund that will
used for compensation will be coming
from the public fund and from the
farmers.

25.  The farmers will not have their land for
free. The government will pay the
advance and the farmers will worked to
pay the rest through amortization
scheme.

26.  Aside of actual distribution of land. In
1989, SDO was implemented in Hacienda
Luisita, where farmers will have option of
owning a stock rather than owning a land.
 The stock belongs to Hacienda Luisita
Incorporated (HLI), which is owned and
managed by Cojuanco Family.

27.  SDO will provide a better life for farm
workers by having stable jobs and higher
incomes.
 Stockholders will receive company
profits.

28.  The SDO system seems encouraging for
farmers, that is why they agree with it.
 But problems occurred when SDO is
implemented within Hacienda Luisita.
 Farmers find out that they will not benefit
from it and it is just for self interest of the
Cojuanco Family.

29.  Many believe that it is not made to help
the farmers, but to make the owner
remain its ownership over the hacienda.
 Aside of improving the life of the
farmers, the SDO did not help them, but
add to their problems.

30.  As of today, SDO is still implemented
within Hacienda Luisita.
 The farmers life is getting worst. They are
getting more poorer.
 The land owners is having fun. Becoming
more richer.

31.  Hacienda Luisita is subjected to land
reform but some part were sold out to
private corporations.
 RCBC – purchase 500 hectares