2. What is Agrarian Reform?
➢It is the rectification of the
whole system of agriculture.
➢Agrarian Reform is
concerned with the relation
between production and
distribution of land among
farmers.
3. Agrarian Reform According to Law:
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law(CARL):
Philippines Former Philippine President Corazon Aquino signed
the Republic Act No. 6657, also known as the Comprehensive
Agrarian Reform Law, on June 10, 1988. The Comprehensive
Agrarian Reform Law is responsible for the implementation of the
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program(CARP) in the
Philippines. The law focused on industrialization in Philippines
together with social justice.
4. Objectives of Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law:
➢To successfully devise land reform in the Philippines
➢To expand the functional area of the law
➢To improve the economic and social status of the
beneficiaries of land reform in the Philippines.
5. What is CARP?
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform
Program of 1988(CARP)
➢It is a Philippine state policy that ensures
and promotes welfare of landless farmers
and farm workers, as well as the elevation
of social justice and equity among rural
areas.
6. Current Problems of Agrarian Reform
in the
Philippines
Recommendations on how to solve it
❖ Agrarian reform: the difficult road to
peace in the Philippine countryside
➢ Agrarian reform and conflict in the rural
areas of the Philippines are closely
intertwined. The weak government
implementation of the Comprehensive
Agrarian Reform Programme, inherent
loopholes in the law, strong landowner
resistance, weak farmers’ organisations,
and the continuing espousal by the New
People’s Army of its own agrarian
revolution combine to make the
government’s agrarian reform
programme only partially successful in
breaking up land monopolies
➢ It’s not only about land distribution, but
the condition that the farmers are in now.
❖ Equal distribution
on the other hand, refers to a situation where differences in income are
allowed but only within certain limits. their productivity, food security and
livelihoods. (Example Demonstrate land preparation, planting,
management of crops (fertilizer application, pruning, mulching, etc.),
proper animal management, post-harvest handling, value addition and
marketing.)
❖ Agricultural extension
-It is another name for agricultural advisory services. In practical terms,
extension means giving farmers – for us, smallholders in developing
countries – knowledge of agronomic techniques and skills to improve Equal
distribution means that every individual in the society gets the name share
in the country’s is national income.
Credit made available to smallholder farmers
❖ Smallholder farmers are being offered advice ( Organization such as the
International Food for Peace (IFPR) and the World Food Programme
(WFP). They offer smallholders the opportunity to increase their
incomes, diversify sources of revenue and smooth out the seasonality of
agricultural incomes).
7. Current Problems of Agrarian Reform in the
Philippines
Recommendations on how to solve it
➢ Activists maintained that the government used various ways
to displace farmers from their lands to accommodate the
interests of the government and private businesses.
❖ A major issues from opposition by landlords and lack of
support from legislators, to wide gaps in fund resources.
➢ Agrarian reform in the Philippines seeks to solve the
centuries-old problem of landlessness in rural areas. Through
the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP)
initiated in 1987, the government addressed key national
goals: the promotion of equity and social justice, food
security and poverty alleviation in the countryside. After over
14 years of the CARP, however, the programme is yet to be
completed and is currently burdened with major issues –
from opposition by landlords and lack of support from
legislators, to wide gaps in fund resources.
( such as the International Food for Peace (IFPR)
and the World Food Programme (WFP).
They offer smallholders the opportunity to
increase their incomes, diversify sources of
revenue and smooth out the seasonality of
agricultural incomes by engaging in non-
agricultural activities.)
❖ Lastly having a “ genuine agrarian reform"
8. Advantages: Disadvantages:
❖ Increased per capita incomes
❖ reduced poverty incidence,
❖ higher investments in physical capital,
❖ greater household welfare and productivity.
❖ improved tenurial status
❖ and increased income of farmer beneficiaries
❖ Seeks to solve the centuries-old problem of
landlessness in rural areas. enhance
agricultural production and productivity
provide employment to more agricultural
workers put an end to conflicts regarding land
ownership.
❖ First, the CARP is a defective law devoid of
unclear policies on land valuations and
transfers
❖ Unclear and inconsistent land policies,
❖ an inefficient land administration
infrastructure,
❖ a highly politicized land tax system
❖ loopholes in the law, poor administrative
capacity, corruption and the use of political
influence
❖ not every farmer is capable of owning and
farming due to complexity of factors: capital,
equipment,modern farming techniques and
labor
9. Current status of Agrarian Reform Program in the Philippines:
➢ The implementation of Agrarian Reforms proceeded at a very slow pace.
This was because of the lack of political will results in slow distribution of
lands.
❖ The Department of Agrarian Reform claimed that as of last year, there
were already 2.486 million agrarian reform beneficiaries since 1972, of
which 166,127 were from 2016, while 1.3 million, or 53 percent, are now
living in 2,234 agrarian reform communities.
❖ There are more than 50,000 agrarian reform cases pending before the
Adjudication Board of the Department of Agrarian Reform.
❖ However, debt condemnation could also be a policy that makes it easier for
agrarian reform beneficiaries to sell their awarded land. According to the
law, aland beneficiary can sell their landholding after 10 years.
10. MARCOS ADMINISTRATION
➢ “Congress must also pass a law that will emancipate the
agrarian reform beneficiaries from the agrarian reform
debt burden, thereby amending Section 26 of Republic Act
6657,” said Marcos on Monday, July 25, referring to the
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law. “In this law, the
loans of agrarian reform beneficiaries with unpaid
amortization and interest shall be condoned,” -Marcos
➢ As for agrarian reform beneficiaries who are yet to receive
land under the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
(CARP), they will also be given the land sans any obligation
to pay amortization, said the President. This amounts to free
land distribution, something that progressive farmers’
groups have been asking for decades.
❖ Under CARP, the government targeted to acquire and
distribute 5.4 million hectares of land for landless farmers
and farm workers. Of this, around 4.9 million hectares have
been distributed.
11. ❖ This means a balance of over 540,000 undistributed lands
as of the end of the Duterte administration, according to
former agrarian reform secretary John Castriciones in
an August 2021 briefing with Duterte. Distributing land
to landless farmers is a government policy aimed at social
justice and empowering farmers who, as new land
owners, would have the chance to independently make
their own living from the land rather than be at the
mercy of landowners.
❖ But without support, farmers lacking money have often
been unable to put up the capital needed to make their
land productive and end up selling their land or giving its
control back to previous landowners. This is why, as
Marcos himself acknowledged in his SONA, agrarian
reform programs must also provide production support
to the beneficiaries in the form of fertilizer, machines,
pesticides and herbicides, and more
12. Conclusion
Provide a brief summary of your presentation.
Remind the audience what you covered in the previous slides.
