SEMPERVIVUM MARMOREUM GRISEB.
(CRASSULACEAE) IN THE UKRAINIAN
CARPATHIANS: DISTRIBUTION,
MORPHOLOGY, COENOTIC
CONDITIONS, POPULATION
PARAMETERS, AND CONSERVATION
1. Laterite samples were collected from western Burkina Faso and divided into three sub-samples that were prepared differently for gold analysis: sieved to <125 μm, crushed to <2 mm, and unprocessed.
2. Gold analysis showed that 67% of sieved samples had significant gold assays, while 25% of crushed samples and only 8% of both sieved and crushed samples from one location had similar gold levels. Unprocessed samples returned insignificant gold assays.
3. The study concluded that sieving laterite samples to <125 μm is the best preparation method for detecting concealed gold mineralization in lateritic terrains of savannah regions using geochemical exploration.
An Account of Field and Petrographic Characteristics of Granitic Rocks of Che...ijtsrd
Field geological and petrographic characteristics of granitic rocks of Cherlapally area, Nalgonda district, Telangana, within the eastern Dharwar craton are described in this paper. Field traverses revealed four types of granitic rocks in the study are viz., quartz diorite, granodiorite, monzogranite and syenogranite. The variations in the texture and mineralogical composition of these plutons are so distinct that the term migmatite' has to be applied, wherein mutual field relations always remain enigmatic. The complex nature of the batholiths is also evident from the structural fabrics observed in the present investigation. N. Ningam | P. R. C. Phani "An Account of Field and Petrographic Characteristics of Granitic Rocks of Cherlapally Area, Nalgonda District, Telangana" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25202.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/geology/25202/an-account-of-field-and-petrographic-characteristics-of-granitic-rocks-of-cherlapally-area-nalgonda-district-telangana/n-ningam
Assessment of the effects of Acid Mine Drainage on Mogpog River Ecosystem, Ma...No to mining in Palawan
This document discusses a study assessing the effects of acid mine drainage from past mining operations on the Mogpog River ecosystem and local communities in Marinduque, Philippines. Key points:
1) Soil samples and biological indicators were analyzed from 5 stations along Mogpog River and 3 stations along the reference Dawis River.
2) Soil pH decreased significantly from the river mouth to upstream areas in Mogpog River, indicating increasing acidity due to mine drainage. However, soil pH remained consistently alkaline along Dawis River.
3) Heavy metal analysis found elevated levels of arsenic, lead, and cadmium in soils near Mogpog River compared to Dawis River
Long-term forest soil acidification, nutrient leaching and vegetation
development: Linking modelling and surveys of a primeval spruce forest
in the Ukrainian Transcarpathian Mts.
The document defines key terms related to metapopulation dynamics. It describes metapopulations as populations composed of spatially discrete local populations between which migration is limited. Local populations exist in habitat patches surrounded by unsuitable matrix. Metapopulations are characterized by local extinction and recolonization of vacant patches over time. If extinctions exceed recolonizations, the entire metapopulation may go regionally extinct. The document outlines different types of spatially dynamic populations and models used to study metapopulation dynamics.
The document discusses skeletal muscle contraction. It explains that motor neurons attach to skeletal muscles and send messages to muscle fibers via neurotransmitters like acetylcholine at the synapse. When a motor neuron fires, it releases acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft, which binds to receptors on the muscle fiber's membrane at the motor end plate and causes the fiber to contract.
NEURO-MUSCULAR Junction and SKELETAL muscular contraction DR.RAHUL Dr.Rahul ,Jaipur
1. The document discusses the neuromuscular junction and the mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction.
2. It describes how acetylcholine is synthesized and stored in motor neuron terminals and released into the neuromuscular junction to activate muscle contraction.
3. The mechanism of muscle contraction involves calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in response to the motor neuron action potential, which allows cross-bridge cycling of actin and myosin filaments and muscle shortening.
A motor unit is composed of an α motor neuron, its axon, and the muscle fibers it innervates. There are three main types of motor units - S, FR, and FF - that are recruited in order of size according to the Henneman size principle, with S units recruited first and FF units recruited only during high force generation. Electromyography can be used to study individual motor units and their recruitment patterns during different levels of exercise.
1. Laterite samples were collected from western Burkina Faso and divided into three sub-samples that were prepared differently for gold analysis: sieved to <125 μm, crushed to <2 mm, and unprocessed.
2. Gold analysis showed that 67% of sieved samples had significant gold assays, while 25% of crushed samples and only 8% of both sieved and crushed samples from one location had similar gold levels. Unprocessed samples returned insignificant gold assays.
3. The study concluded that sieving laterite samples to <125 μm is the best preparation method for detecting concealed gold mineralization in lateritic terrains of savannah regions using geochemical exploration.
An Account of Field and Petrographic Characteristics of Granitic Rocks of Che...ijtsrd
Field geological and petrographic characteristics of granitic rocks of Cherlapally area, Nalgonda district, Telangana, within the eastern Dharwar craton are described in this paper. Field traverses revealed four types of granitic rocks in the study are viz., quartz diorite, granodiorite, monzogranite and syenogranite. The variations in the texture and mineralogical composition of these plutons are so distinct that the term migmatite' has to be applied, wherein mutual field relations always remain enigmatic. The complex nature of the batholiths is also evident from the structural fabrics observed in the present investigation. N. Ningam | P. R. C. Phani "An Account of Field and Petrographic Characteristics of Granitic Rocks of Cherlapally Area, Nalgonda District, Telangana" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25202.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/geology/25202/an-account-of-field-and-petrographic-characteristics-of-granitic-rocks-of-cherlapally-area-nalgonda-district-telangana/n-ningam
Assessment of the effects of Acid Mine Drainage on Mogpog River Ecosystem, Ma...No to mining in Palawan
This document discusses a study assessing the effects of acid mine drainage from past mining operations on the Mogpog River ecosystem and local communities in Marinduque, Philippines. Key points:
1) Soil samples and biological indicators were analyzed from 5 stations along Mogpog River and 3 stations along the reference Dawis River.
2) Soil pH decreased significantly from the river mouth to upstream areas in Mogpog River, indicating increasing acidity due to mine drainage. However, soil pH remained consistently alkaline along Dawis River.
3) Heavy metal analysis found elevated levels of arsenic, lead, and cadmium in soils near Mogpog River compared to Dawis River
Long-term forest soil acidification, nutrient leaching and vegetation
development: Linking modelling and surveys of a primeval spruce forest
in the Ukrainian Transcarpathian Mts.
The document defines key terms related to metapopulation dynamics. It describes metapopulations as populations composed of spatially discrete local populations between which migration is limited. Local populations exist in habitat patches surrounded by unsuitable matrix. Metapopulations are characterized by local extinction and recolonization of vacant patches over time. If extinctions exceed recolonizations, the entire metapopulation may go regionally extinct. The document outlines different types of spatially dynamic populations and models used to study metapopulation dynamics.
The document discusses skeletal muscle contraction. It explains that motor neurons attach to skeletal muscles and send messages to muscle fibers via neurotransmitters like acetylcholine at the synapse. When a motor neuron fires, it releases acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft, which binds to receptors on the muscle fiber's membrane at the motor end plate and causes the fiber to contract.
NEURO-MUSCULAR Junction and SKELETAL muscular contraction DR.RAHUL Dr.Rahul ,Jaipur
1. The document discusses the neuromuscular junction and the mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction.
2. It describes how acetylcholine is synthesized and stored in motor neuron terminals and released into the neuromuscular junction to activate muscle contraction.
3. The mechanism of muscle contraction involves calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in response to the motor neuron action potential, which allows cross-bridge cycling of actin and myosin filaments and muscle shortening.
A motor unit is composed of an α motor neuron, its axon, and the muscle fibers it innervates. There are three main types of motor units - S, FR, and FF - that are recruited in order of size according to the Henneman size principle, with S units recruited first and FF units recruited only during high force generation. Electromyography can be used to study individual motor units and their recruitment patterns during different levels of exercise.
The document summarizes the structure and function of skeletal muscle myosin and actin filaments during muscle contraction. It describes how myosin filaments are composed of myosin molecules that form cross-bridges with heads that can interact with actin filaments. Actin filaments contain actin, tropomyosin and troponin. Calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum activates contraction by allowing the myosin heads to bind to active sites on actin. The myosin heads then tilt and pull the actin filaments towards the center in a ratcheting motion, powered by ATP hydrolysis.
This is a small presentation on ocean acidification.It is a compilation of all materials(including present information) I collected related to it, any new information beside this or concerning it please comment.
Phytoremediation is the process of using plants to remove contamination from soil or water. It involves using plants and their associated microorganisms in the rhizosphere to degrade, contain, or remove pollutants from the environment. Some key advantages are that it is a cost-effective, environmentally friendly way to remediate large areas of contaminated land. However, it is limited to sites with lower contaminant concentrations and works more slowly than conventional remediation methods. Common contaminants removed through phytoremediation include heavy metals, hydrocarbons, pesticides, and explosives. The process works through plants absorbing, degrading, or stabilizing pollutants in their tissues or the surrounding soil.
Microarrays allow researchers to analyze gene expression across thousands of genes simultaneously. DNA probes are arrayed on a small glass or nylon slide, and labeled mRNA from samples is hybridized to the probes. Fluorescent scanning detects which genes are expressed. Data analysis includes normalization, distance metrics, clustering, and visualization to group genes with similar expression profiles and identify patterns of co-regulated genes. Microarrays enable functional genomics studies of development, disease, response to drugs or environmental factors, and more.
Dr. Shamalamma S. presented on DNA microarrays. DNA microarrays allow thousands of genes to be compared simultaneously by attaching DNA probes to a chip which fluorescently labeled samples can bind to. The chip is then scanned to analyze gene expression levels. Applications include disease diagnosis, toxicology studies, and pharmacogenomics. While a powerful tool, microarrays have limitations such as lack of knowledge about many genes and lack of standardization.
This document discusses soil acidity and pH. It begins by explaining how various natural and anthropogenic factors can contribute to soil acidity in humid regions. It then discusses how pH impacts nutrient availability and toxicity, with most nutrients being optimally available between pH 5.5-7. It also covers aluminum toxicity, how it is more prevalent at lower pH, and how different crop varieties have varying sensitivities. The document provides an overview of the multiple forms of soil acidity and explains pH in terms of hydrogen ion concentration.
The document discusses different types of problem soils including acid soils, salt-affected soils, and calcareous soils. It provides details on the distribution and properties of acid soils in India. The major causes of acid soil formation are laterization, podzolization, and leaching in high rainfall areas. Aluminum and iron ions in the soil solution contribute to acidity through hydrolysis reactions. The document also discusses various descriptive terms used to classify soil pH ranges and their associated buffering mechanisms.
PHYTOREMEDIATION - Using Plants To Clean Up Our Environment - By HaseebHaseeb Gerraddict
Phytoremediation is the direct use of green plants and their associated microorganisms to stabilize or reduce contamination in soils, sludges, sediments, surface water, or ground water.
This presentation is on ocean acidification, it covers
(1) a background on ocean acidification,
(2) the chemistry between carbon dioxide & the ocean
(3) Impact of Ocean acidification on biological processes and the ecosystems.
(4) and finally some mitigation measures
I hope this ppt be useful & helpful to people working on this topic :)
Enjoy
This document summarizes the structure and contraction mechanism of skeletal muscle. It describes the hierarchical structure of muscle from the whole muscle down to the contractile myofibrils. The myofibrils contain repeating units called sarcomeres, which are composed of actin and myosin filaments. Muscle contraction is triggered by a nerve impulse that causes calcium release and the sliding of actin and myosin filaments, shortening the sarcomere. Contraction occurs as long as calcium is present; relaxation happens when calcium is pumped back into storage.
Phytoremediation uses plants to remove contaminants from soil or water. It is a more environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative to excavating and disposing of contaminated material elsewhere. Various phytoremediation processes include phytoextraction, which uses plants to remove contaminants from soil into harvestable biomass, phytostabilization which stabilizes contaminants in soil near roots, and phytotransformation which transforms contaminants via plant metabolism. Genetic engineering can enhance natural phytoremediation capabilities.
DNA microarrays, also known as DNA chips, allow simultaneous measurement of gene expression levels for every gene in a genome. They detect mRNA levels by hybridizing cDNA to arrays of gene probes spotted on glass slides or other surfaces. Differences in gene expression between cell types or conditions can be measured and analyzed to answer biological questions.
The document describes various aspects of muscle contraction including:
1) Excitation-contraction coupling which involves depolarization of the muscle membrane leading to calcium release and muscle contraction.
2) The roles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, t-tubules, and troponin-tropomyosin complex in regulating calcium levels and exposing actin binding sites during contraction.
3) The sliding filament theory of how myosin heads binding to actin causes muscle shortening through an ATP-driven cycling of cross-bridge formation and breaking.
1. Muscle contraction occurs via a sliding filament mechanism where calcium ions released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum allow actin and myosin filaments to interact.
2. Myosin filaments contain cross-bridges that can attach to actin filaments and generate a pulling force via ATP hydrolysis.
3. Tropomyosin and troponin on the actin filaments regulate the exposure of actin's binding sites depending on calcium levels.
Microarray technology allows researchers to analyze the expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously using DNA probes attached to a solid surface. There are two main types of microarrays: glass cDNA microarrays which involve spotting pre-fabricated cDNA fragments on glass slides; and high-density oligonucleotide arrays which involve the in situ synthesis of oligonucleotides on a chip. The key steps in a microarray experiment are sample preparation and labeling, hybridization of labeled cDNA to the probes, washing, and image analysis to quantify gene expression levels. Microarrays have numerous applications including gene expression profiling, comparative genomics, disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and toxicology research.
Saarela et al. 2013 monocots v poster arctic floristics_finalpsokoloff
Botanists conducted a survey of vascular plants in Katannilik Territorial Park on southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. They collected approximately 900 specimens, including several first records of monocots for Baffin Island and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. These represented range extensions for species and expanded knowledge of rare or poorly known Arctic monocots. New records included introduced and native species, increasing the known diversity of several plant families in the region. Vouchers were deposited in the National Herbarium of Canada to improve scientific understanding of species distributions in the changing Arctic.
This document summarizes the findings of a survey of Ponto-Caspian amphipods in the Belarusian section of the Dnieper River. Five invasive amphipod species were found: Chaetogammarus ischnus, Chelicorophium curvispinum, Dikerogammarus haemobaphes, Dikerogammarus villosus, and Pontogammarus robustoides. The number of alien amphipod species and their abundance decreased in the upstream sections of the river. Chelicorophium curvispinum and Dikerogammarus villosus were the most abundant species observed, dominating communities at the downstream sampling station.
The Malwa constituting the Deccan Trap volcanic province (Upper Cretaceous –Eocene). The Malwa region occupies a plateau in Western M.P and South-Eastern Rajasthan (between 21010’ N and 73045 E ) with Gujarat in the West . The region include the M.P district of Agar, Dewas, Dhar, Indore, Jhabua, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Rajgarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Ujjain parts of Guna and Sehore and the Rajasthan district of Jhalawar and parts of Banswara and Pratapgarh. It is covered an area of 81,767 sq. km. and elevation of 500m.Ujjain region constituting the Malwa region. Ujjain District is situated in Madhya Pradesh and lies between longitude 750 45’ to 750 50’ and latitude 230 15’ to 230 5’ and area lies the toposheet No. 45M/16 and 46M/12.
Overview Environmental Danger of Eroided Land in Azerbaijan and Their Solutio...CrimsonpublishersMCDA
The article considers the natural and economic climate and agro-climatic conditions, the geological structure, the soil-vegetation cover of the mountain-irrigated zone of Azerbaijan in the example of individual areas where the natural moisture content of soils is strongly tested, in the presence of an acute lack of field water and an uneven distribution of atmospheric precipitation. At the same time, in the region, traditional methods of surface watering in agricultural production for intensifying development have been widely differentiated: various kinds of erosion (like irrigation, water, razhnye etc.) in the erosion region. The soil productivity indicators and the potential risk of erosion in the vertical zone are predetermined, as well as the problems of preventing the danger of these types of degraded soils.
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For more articles on open access journal of agronomy and crop science please click on below link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/
https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/fulltext/MCDA.000541.php
Introduction to the Probable Movement of Thysanoptera through the Moravian Ga...EdytaSierka
Sierka W., Sierka E., Fedor P. J. (2008). Introduction to the Probable Movement of Thysanoptera through the Moravian Gate (Štramberk, Czech Republic). Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica 43: 367-372, DOI: 10.1556/APhyt.43.2008.2.21., 2008
In the area of the Moravian Gate at Štramberk (Moravia, Czech Republic) detailed field investigations of Thysanoptera were conducted. The Gate offers the possibility of dispersal of thrips species from the South to the North and vice versa. A total of 359 samples were collected, from which 2367 adult specimens of Thysanoptera belonging to 55 species were obtained. Between them are species having their main distribution in the Southern parts of Europe, such as Aptinothrips elegans, Anaphothrips atroapterus, A. euphorbiae, Chirothrips aculeatus, Limothrips consimilis, Neohydatothrips abnormis, Rubiothrips pillichi, R. validus and Theilopedothrips pilosus. Additionally species were found that are absent or dispersed in Southern Europe, such as Aptinothrips stylifer, Chirothrips hamatus, Odontothrips loti and Platythrips tunicatus. In ancient times these species may have used the Moravian Gate, which has been passed by large armies and many traders (the amber route), carrying all kinds of plant products with them.
A case study on wood-decaying macrofungi in the Southwestern slopes of Vasily...Open Access Research Paper
This study was performed based on specimens of macrofungi collected on field trips to the region between 2007 and 2011. The aim of this study was to determinate the wood-decaying macrofungi of Vasilyovska mountain, to enrich the information about fungal diversity in the Forebalkan floristic region, and make contribution to Bulgarian mycota. The information upon species composition and distribution of wood-decaying macrofungi in the Vasilyovska mountain were published for the first time including the second records of Armillaria ostoyae, Pholiota lucifera and Xeromphalina cauticinalis in the country. A list of 110 species belonging to Pezizomycota and Agaricomycota has been compiled which 75 species were reported for the first time from Forebalkan. Four species includes in the Red List of fungi in Bulgaria: Fomitopsis rosea (Alb. & Schwein. : Fr.) P. Karst., Hericium coralloides (Scop. : Fr.) Pers., H. erinaceus (Bull. : Fr.) Pers., and Lenzites warnieri Durieu & Mont.
The document summarizes the structure and function of skeletal muscle myosin and actin filaments during muscle contraction. It describes how myosin filaments are composed of myosin molecules that form cross-bridges with heads that can interact with actin filaments. Actin filaments contain actin, tropomyosin and troponin. Calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum activates contraction by allowing the myosin heads to bind to active sites on actin. The myosin heads then tilt and pull the actin filaments towards the center in a ratcheting motion, powered by ATP hydrolysis.
This is a small presentation on ocean acidification.It is a compilation of all materials(including present information) I collected related to it, any new information beside this or concerning it please comment.
Phytoremediation is the process of using plants to remove contamination from soil or water. It involves using plants and their associated microorganisms in the rhizosphere to degrade, contain, or remove pollutants from the environment. Some key advantages are that it is a cost-effective, environmentally friendly way to remediate large areas of contaminated land. However, it is limited to sites with lower contaminant concentrations and works more slowly than conventional remediation methods. Common contaminants removed through phytoremediation include heavy metals, hydrocarbons, pesticides, and explosives. The process works through plants absorbing, degrading, or stabilizing pollutants in their tissues or the surrounding soil.
Microarrays allow researchers to analyze gene expression across thousands of genes simultaneously. DNA probes are arrayed on a small glass or nylon slide, and labeled mRNA from samples is hybridized to the probes. Fluorescent scanning detects which genes are expressed. Data analysis includes normalization, distance metrics, clustering, and visualization to group genes with similar expression profiles and identify patterns of co-regulated genes. Microarrays enable functional genomics studies of development, disease, response to drugs or environmental factors, and more.
Dr. Shamalamma S. presented on DNA microarrays. DNA microarrays allow thousands of genes to be compared simultaneously by attaching DNA probes to a chip which fluorescently labeled samples can bind to. The chip is then scanned to analyze gene expression levels. Applications include disease diagnosis, toxicology studies, and pharmacogenomics. While a powerful tool, microarrays have limitations such as lack of knowledge about many genes and lack of standardization.
This document discusses soil acidity and pH. It begins by explaining how various natural and anthropogenic factors can contribute to soil acidity in humid regions. It then discusses how pH impacts nutrient availability and toxicity, with most nutrients being optimally available between pH 5.5-7. It also covers aluminum toxicity, how it is more prevalent at lower pH, and how different crop varieties have varying sensitivities. The document provides an overview of the multiple forms of soil acidity and explains pH in terms of hydrogen ion concentration.
The document discusses different types of problem soils including acid soils, salt-affected soils, and calcareous soils. It provides details on the distribution and properties of acid soils in India. The major causes of acid soil formation are laterization, podzolization, and leaching in high rainfall areas. Aluminum and iron ions in the soil solution contribute to acidity through hydrolysis reactions. The document also discusses various descriptive terms used to classify soil pH ranges and their associated buffering mechanisms.
PHYTOREMEDIATION - Using Plants To Clean Up Our Environment - By HaseebHaseeb Gerraddict
Phytoremediation is the direct use of green plants and their associated microorganisms to stabilize or reduce contamination in soils, sludges, sediments, surface water, or ground water.
This presentation is on ocean acidification, it covers
(1) a background on ocean acidification,
(2) the chemistry between carbon dioxide & the ocean
(3) Impact of Ocean acidification on biological processes and the ecosystems.
(4) and finally some mitigation measures
I hope this ppt be useful & helpful to people working on this topic :)
Enjoy
This document summarizes the structure and contraction mechanism of skeletal muscle. It describes the hierarchical structure of muscle from the whole muscle down to the contractile myofibrils. The myofibrils contain repeating units called sarcomeres, which are composed of actin and myosin filaments. Muscle contraction is triggered by a nerve impulse that causes calcium release and the sliding of actin and myosin filaments, shortening the sarcomere. Contraction occurs as long as calcium is present; relaxation happens when calcium is pumped back into storage.
Phytoremediation uses plants to remove contaminants from soil or water. It is a more environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative to excavating and disposing of contaminated material elsewhere. Various phytoremediation processes include phytoextraction, which uses plants to remove contaminants from soil into harvestable biomass, phytostabilization which stabilizes contaminants in soil near roots, and phytotransformation which transforms contaminants via plant metabolism. Genetic engineering can enhance natural phytoremediation capabilities.
DNA microarrays, also known as DNA chips, allow simultaneous measurement of gene expression levels for every gene in a genome. They detect mRNA levels by hybridizing cDNA to arrays of gene probes spotted on glass slides or other surfaces. Differences in gene expression between cell types or conditions can be measured and analyzed to answer biological questions.
The document describes various aspects of muscle contraction including:
1) Excitation-contraction coupling which involves depolarization of the muscle membrane leading to calcium release and muscle contraction.
2) The roles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, t-tubules, and troponin-tropomyosin complex in regulating calcium levels and exposing actin binding sites during contraction.
3) The sliding filament theory of how myosin heads binding to actin causes muscle shortening through an ATP-driven cycling of cross-bridge formation and breaking.
1. Muscle contraction occurs via a sliding filament mechanism where calcium ions released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum allow actin and myosin filaments to interact.
2. Myosin filaments contain cross-bridges that can attach to actin filaments and generate a pulling force via ATP hydrolysis.
3. Tropomyosin and troponin on the actin filaments regulate the exposure of actin's binding sites depending on calcium levels.
Microarray technology allows researchers to analyze the expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously using DNA probes attached to a solid surface. There are two main types of microarrays: glass cDNA microarrays which involve spotting pre-fabricated cDNA fragments on glass slides; and high-density oligonucleotide arrays which involve the in situ synthesis of oligonucleotides on a chip. The key steps in a microarray experiment are sample preparation and labeling, hybridization of labeled cDNA to the probes, washing, and image analysis to quantify gene expression levels. Microarrays have numerous applications including gene expression profiling, comparative genomics, disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and toxicology research.
Saarela et al. 2013 monocots v poster arctic floristics_finalpsokoloff
Botanists conducted a survey of vascular plants in Katannilik Territorial Park on southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. They collected approximately 900 specimens, including several first records of monocots for Baffin Island and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. These represented range extensions for species and expanded knowledge of rare or poorly known Arctic monocots. New records included introduced and native species, increasing the known diversity of several plant families in the region. Vouchers were deposited in the National Herbarium of Canada to improve scientific understanding of species distributions in the changing Arctic.
This document summarizes the findings of a survey of Ponto-Caspian amphipods in the Belarusian section of the Dnieper River. Five invasive amphipod species were found: Chaetogammarus ischnus, Chelicorophium curvispinum, Dikerogammarus haemobaphes, Dikerogammarus villosus, and Pontogammarus robustoides. The number of alien amphipod species and their abundance decreased in the upstream sections of the river. Chelicorophium curvispinum and Dikerogammarus villosus were the most abundant species observed, dominating communities at the downstream sampling station.
The Malwa constituting the Deccan Trap volcanic province (Upper Cretaceous –Eocene). The Malwa region occupies a plateau in Western M.P and South-Eastern Rajasthan (between 21010’ N and 73045 E ) with Gujarat in the West . The region include the M.P district of Agar, Dewas, Dhar, Indore, Jhabua, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Rajgarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Ujjain parts of Guna and Sehore and the Rajasthan district of Jhalawar and parts of Banswara and Pratapgarh. It is covered an area of 81,767 sq. km. and elevation of 500m.Ujjain region constituting the Malwa region. Ujjain District is situated in Madhya Pradesh and lies between longitude 750 45’ to 750 50’ and latitude 230 15’ to 230 5’ and area lies the toposheet No. 45M/16 and 46M/12.
Overview Environmental Danger of Eroided Land in Azerbaijan and Their Solutio...CrimsonpublishersMCDA
The article considers the natural and economic climate and agro-climatic conditions, the geological structure, the soil-vegetation cover of the mountain-irrigated zone of Azerbaijan in the example of individual areas where the natural moisture content of soils is strongly tested, in the presence of an acute lack of field water and an uneven distribution of atmospheric precipitation. At the same time, in the region, traditional methods of surface watering in agricultural production for intensifying development have been widely differentiated: various kinds of erosion (like irrigation, water, razhnye etc.) in the erosion region. The soil productivity indicators and the potential risk of erosion in the vertical zone are predetermined, as well as the problems of preventing the danger of these types of degraded soils.
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For more articles on open access journal of agronomy and crop science please click on below link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/
https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/fulltext/MCDA.000541.php
Introduction to the Probable Movement of Thysanoptera through the Moravian Ga...EdytaSierka
Sierka W., Sierka E., Fedor P. J. (2008). Introduction to the Probable Movement of Thysanoptera through the Moravian Gate (Štramberk, Czech Republic). Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica 43: 367-372, DOI: 10.1556/APhyt.43.2008.2.21., 2008
In the area of the Moravian Gate at Štramberk (Moravia, Czech Republic) detailed field investigations of Thysanoptera were conducted. The Gate offers the possibility of dispersal of thrips species from the South to the North and vice versa. A total of 359 samples were collected, from which 2367 adult specimens of Thysanoptera belonging to 55 species were obtained. Between them are species having their main distribution in the Southern parts of Europe, such as Aptinothrips elegans, Anaphothrips atroapterus, A. euphorbiae, Chirothrips aculeatus, Limothrips consimilis, Neohydatothrips abnormis, Rubiothrips pillichi, R. validus and Theilopedothrips pilosus. Additionally species were found that are absent or dispersed in Southern Europe, such as Aptinothrips stylifer, Chirothrips hamatus, Odontothrips loti and Platythrips tunicatus. In ancient times these species may have used the Moravian Gate, which has been passed by large armies and many traders (the amber route), carrying all kinds of plant products with them.
A case study on wood-decaying macrofungi in the Southwestern slopes of Vasily...Open Access Research Paper
This study was performed based on specimens of macrofungi collected on field trips to the region between 2007 and 2011. The aim of this study was to determinate the wood-decaying macrofungi of Vasilyovska mountain, to enrich the information about fungal diversity in the Forebalkan floristic region, and make contribution to Bulgarian mycota. The information upon species composition and distribution of wood-decaying macrofungi in the Vasilyovska mountain were published for the first time including the second records of Armillaria ostoyae, Pholiota lucifera and Xeromphalina cauticinalis in the country. A list of 110 species belonging to Pezizomycota and Agaricomycota has been compiled which 75 species were reported for the first time from Forebalkan. Four species includes in the Red List of fungi in Bulgaria: Fomitopsis rosea (Alb. & Schwein. : Fr.) P. Karst., Hericium coralloides (Scop. : Fr.) Pers., H. erinaceus (Bull. : Fr.) Pers., and Lenzites warnieri Durieu & Mont.
This document discusses the discovery of Scutellinia barlae, a fungus species new to the Croatian mycoflora. It was found in two locations on the island of Krk, representing the first record of the genus Scutellinia in the Croatian North Adriatic. The fungus is described in detail and compared to the similar species S. minor. Although the two species inhabit different climatic zones, their closest known localities in Croatia are only 45 km apart. The January mean air temperature of 0°C separates the areas where each has been found to date. Standardized microscopic analysis was used to characterize and compare the species.
Botany Under the Midnight Sun: Floristic Discoveries on Victoria Island, Nuna...Jeff Saarela
The document summarizes the findings of a botanical expedition to Victoria Island in Nunavut, Canada. The team collected over 1100 plant specimens, discovering 1 species new to Canada, 4 taxa new to the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and several first records for Victoria Island and southwest Victoria Island. Significant new information was gained about the Arctic flora, including range extensions and new localities of rare species.
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2. ISSN 0372-4123. Óêð. áîòàí. æóðí., 2007, ò. 64, ¹ 1 23
is listed in S.S. Fodor’s «Flora of Transcarpathia» [8] with the reference to the former
author. There are also indications in «Flora Europaea» [18] and «Atlas Florae
Europaeae» [10] that the species occurs in Ukraine. However, main Ukrainian
floristic compendia and identification manuals have no mentions ofS. marmoreum.
We managed to get a proof of the occurrence of that species in the Ukrainian
Carpathians, and this article presents the obtained data.
Sempervivum marmoreum (= S. schlehanii Schott = S. assimile Schott =
S. tectorum L. subsp. marmoreum Maire & Petitmengin) is a species with a
Carpathian-Balkan range (Fig. 1). It occurs in Slovakia, Hungary, Romania,
Ukraine, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Croatia, Albania, and Greece [1, 2, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20—23]. In the Carpathians
its localities occur in all three main parts of these mountains — the Western, Eastern
and Southern Carpathians, though the West-Carpathian segment of the range is
separated by a considerable hiatus. In that region, i.e. at the northern edge the its
range, which reaches the latitude of 48°40' N in Slovakia [23], the species is confined
mostly to low elevations, ca. 250—500 m above sea level (a.s.l.). However, in more
southward localities, e.g. in Bulgaria, it also inhabits sites in the high-mountain
zone up to 2700 m a.s.l. [1]. The main part of the species range lies in the mountains
of the Balkan Peninsula [10].
Fig. 1. Distribution of Sempervivum marmoreum Griseb.: — locality on Kobyla Mt. In the
Ukrainian Carpathians
3. ISSN 0372-4123. Ukr. Botan. Journ., 2007, vol. 64, ¹ 124
The localities closest to Ukraine are in Romania in the Marmarosh Depression
and the Gutyi, Marmarosh and Rodna Mts. 5—30 km from the Ukrainian border [20].
The species is very variable, especially in leaf color and indumentum, therefore
the following subspecies are sometimes distinguished: S. marmoreum subsp.
marmoreum, S. marmoreum subsp. blandum (Schott) Soó, S. marmoreum subsp. ballsii
(Wale) B.J.M. Zonneveld, S. marmoreum subsp. erythreum (Velen.)
B.J.M. Zonneveld, S. marmoreum subsp. reginae-amaliae (Heldr. & Sartori ex Boiss.)
B.J.M. Zonneveld, S. marmoreum subsp. rubrifolium (Schott) G.G. Bellia &
A. Andrade. However, their taxonomic status is very ambiguous, because variability
of that species does not exhibit clear geographical patterns, and numerous
intermediates occur throughout the range ofS. marmoreum [15, 18]. A vast spectrum
of varieties, forms and cultivars is sometimes recognized and offered at the market
of ornamental plants.
The species is xerophilous and restricted to dry rocks or saxicolous grasslands
on the sunny slopes of mountains or hills [1, 2, 14, 15, 18, 23]. It occurs mostly in
calciferous (calcareous) habitats in the communities syntaxonomically belonging
to orders Seslerietalia albicantis, Festucetalia valesiaceaeand Potentiletalia caulescentis
[9, 14, 21].
In the countries where S. marmoreum is rather common it is traditionally used
for medicinal purposes [1]. The species is highly ornamental and is sometimes
gathered for re-planting in alpine gardens. This presents a real threat to some of its
populations. The species is listed in the Red Data Book of Hungary [22] as vulnerable
(VU). Together with some other species, it is also protected in Greece by Presidential
Decree (#67/1981).
Material and Methods
The results presented in this study were obtained during field surveys performed in
July, 2005 on Kobyla Mt. in the Svydovets Range.
The exact location of the site was determined with Garmin eTrex Global
Positioning System (GPS) navigator with the accuracy of measurements within 10
meters.
Population parameters were defined on site, as well as some individual
characteristics (height of flowering stems, number of flowers, diameter of rosettes
etc.), while the detailed morphological description is based on herbarized specimens
and collected live plants.
Several young individuals were transplanted to the Botanical Garden of
I. Franko Lviv National University for further observations on their development
and for off-site conservation of the species in Ukraine in case of extinction of its
natural population.
Species abundance was evaluated according to the grades of J. Braun-Blanquet’s
scale [11].
One voucher specimen is deposited in the Herbarium of the M.G. Kholodny
Institute of Botany (KW) in Kyiv.
4. ISSN 0372-4123. Óêð. áîòàí. æóðí., 2007, ò. 64, ¹ 1 25
Results
Location of the site and its coenotic conditions. A small population of
Sempervivum marmoreum was discovered on the steep south-south-eastern slope of
Kobyla Mt. in the southern part of the Svydovets Range, Ukrainian Carpathians
(Fig. 1). It is located near the village of Kobyletska Polyana, which belongs to Rakhiv
District of Transcarpathian (Zakarpattya) Region. Its geographical coordinates
according to the WGS-84 system are as follows: 48°02´03.9½N and 24°05´12.9½E.
The site lies on the altitude of 1045 m a. s. l. on the top of a conglomerate rock
sticking out from almost undisturbed beech forest. The vegetation in the closest
vicinity with the site is represented by Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl., Sorbus
aucuparia L., Coryllus avellana L. in the tree and shrub layers, and Origanum
vulgare L., Pimpinella saxifraga L., Verbascum lanatum Schrader, Luzula luzuloides
(Lam.) Dandy & Wilmott, Dryopteris expansa (C. Presl) Fraser-Jenkins & Jermy,
and Iris pseudocyperus Schur in the herbaceous layer.
Sempervivum marmoreum occurs within the area of about 3 × 1.5 m² on the
driest uppermost part of the rock devoid of trees and bushes. Higher plants cover
only about 35—40 % of the patch, the rest of which accounts for the lichens, barren
soil and eroded outcrops of conglomerate bedrock. The site is unshaded and exposed
to the sun during a considerable part of the day. The species composition of vascular
plants with corresponding grades of abundance is as follows: Sempervivum
marmoreum — 1 (covering ca. 4 %), Poa nemoralis L. — 1—2, Festuca sp. — 1,
Saxifraga paniculata Mill. — 1, Asplenium trichomanes L. — 1, A. ruta-muraria L. —
+, Sedum annuum L. — +, S. hispanicum L. — +, Valeriana angustifolia Tausch —
1, Polypodium vulgare L. — +, Galium schultesii Vest. — +, Campanula carpatica
Jacq. — +, Sedum fabaria W.D.J. Koch — +,Euphorbia cyparissias L. — +, Dianthus
carthusianorum L. s. l. — +; and bryophytes: Rhytidium rugosum (Hedw.) Kindb. —
2, Pylaisia polyantha (Hedw.) Schimp — 1.
Ecological and coenotic conditions in the habitat show that S. marmoreum is
markedly heliophytous and xerophilous. The soil is moderately acidic with pH(H20)
about 5.2. The conglomerate bedrock does not contain any significant amount of CaCO3.
Thus, Sempervivum marmoreum does not exhibit any special demand for calcium.
Morphological characters. Succulent, evergreen, herbaceous, rosettous,
stoloniferous perennial (Fig. 2). Rosettes widely open. Sterile rosettes 25—60 mm,
fertile ones (before anthesis) — up to 75 mm in diameter. Rosette leaves fleshy, entire,
obovate or oblanceolate, mucronate, shiny, pale green, tinged with red, 25—32 ×
8—11 mm in size, puberulent, covered with short, dense, stipitate, glandular hairs
on both sides. Cauline leaves alternate, sessile, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 25—
40 × 5—12 mm, covered with short hairs, more densely on the lower surface. Flowering
stem 20—30 cm high, pubescent. Hairs glandular, stipitate, shorter on leaves and at
the base of flowering stem and rather long on its upper part and inflorescence.
Inflorescence cymose, with several branches, which elongate considerably and
become squarrose at the end of anthesis, bearing 25—35 flowers. Bracts short,
narrow-lanceolate. Pedicels 1.5—2.0 mm long. Flowers 11(—12)-merous. Calyx
5. ISSN 0372-4123. Ukr. Botan. Journ., 2007, vol. 64, ¹ 126
widely campanulate, ca. 5 mm long, divided to ½ of its length, densely covered
with long hairs. Calyx teeth triangular. Corolla more than twice as long as calyx,
21—24 mm in diameter. Petals pink, suffused with vinous at the base, with dark,
dashed medium part and much lighter margins, linear-lanceolate, acuminate,
fimbriate, hairy on the lower surface, ca. 10 mm long and 2 mm wide. Stamens
twice as many as petals. Filaments vinous, pubescent at the base, ca. 2 mm shorter
than petals. Carpels equal in number to petals, squarrose. Pistils vinous and stigmas
whitish in live plants. Seeds numerous, small, ca. 0.8 mm long. The description
refers to the individuals from the Svydovets, which may slightly differ from those
from other parts of the species range.
Sempervivum marmoreum is closely related to S. tectorum L., a species with a
more westward range, which occurs in the Pyrenees, Alps, Apennines, and in the
mountains of the north-eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula. Sempervivum tectorum
is much larger — up to 60 cm high, with rosettes 6—10 cm in diameter and
inflorescences bearing over 35 flowers. Leaves glabrous on both surfaces, ciliate.
Filaments glabrous at the base. This highly ornamental plant became very popular
among the gardeners and is widely cultivated all over Europe now, including Ukraine.
Fig. 2. Sempervivum marmoreum Griseb.: A — habit of fertile plant, B — flower
6. ISSN 0372-4123. Óêð. áîòàí. æóðí., 2007, ò. 64, ¹ 1 27
Recruitment, phenological development and population parameters. Vegetative
spread in S. marmoreum is provided via thin (2 mm in diameter) stout stolons up
to 7 cm long, on which daughter rosettes develop. They radicate and become
autonomous next year after clonal disintegration. Each fertile module bears one
flowering stem. It arises on the most vital 2—3-year-old rosettous shoots. Fertile
modules are monocarpic. At the anthesis in the middle of July the rosette leaves at
the base of the flowering stem die off, and during dissemination in August the whole
fertile module is already dead.
The described population is low-numbered and contains ca. 20 fertile ramets
and nearly 100—120 sterile rosettes, which accounts for about 50 adult individuals.
Maintenance is provided mostly by clonal growth but seed reproduction takes place
as well, because seedlings occur in the locality. The viability of the population is
low and it is prone to decline or even complete extinction caused by natural factors.
Conclusion
Conservation considerations. The Kobyla Mt. population is located at the edge of
the species range (Fig. 1). In the Carpathians Sempervivum marmoreum is considered
as a relict species, a representative of the pre-glacial epoch [9]. Because the tops of
mountains and rocks got more insolation, they played a role of refugia where some
species could survive during unfavorable oligothermic periods. This is the basic
assumption of the so-called «nunatak hypothesis», which suggests that certain species
survived even at considerable altitudes during the Pleistocene glaciations in the high
mountains of Europe [5, 13, 19]. Similarly, the habitat ofS. marmoreum on Kobyla
Mt. may be very ancient and could probably harbor the species in the Pleistocene.
Otherwise, the locality could be colonized later in the Holocene. Anyway, the
described population is unique for Ukraine and needs conservation.
No evident signs of human impact have been noticed in the locality. However,
because of a very low numbers of the population and extremely limited area available
for the species, its survival in the long-term perspective is problematic. The locality
seems to undergo gradual natural afforestation with Fagus sylvatica in the peripheral
zone of the rock and with Quercus petraea at its upper part. This causes unfavorable
changes in environmental conditions resulting in reduction of the level of insolation
and the increase of humidity. Such critical shrinking of the available area suitable
for the species may lead to complete extinction of S. marmoreum there in a few
decades.
In order to ensure the survival of the population some protective activities may
be considered, e.g. artificial thinning of trees and bushes around the habitat. This
will result in a better insolation and xerophytization of the habitat and could provide
more favorable conditions for S. marmoreum.
Because the species is represented in Ukraine by a single low-numbered
decreasing population, which occupies the area of only several square meters,
S. marmoreum should be added to the new edition of the Red Data Book of Ukraine
and categorized as critically endangered (CR).
7. ISSN 0372-4123. Ukr. Botan. Journ., 2007, vol. 64, ¹ 128
As the species represents the Carpathian-Balkan element, its presence in the
Ukrainian Carpathians is another proof of numerous floristic links between that
territory and the mountains of southeastern Europe [6]. It may be added to the list
of other Carpathian-Balkan species, e.g. Campanula serrata (Kit.) Hendrych,
Centaurea kotschyana Heuffel ex Koch, and Saxifraga carpatica Sternb.
The Ukrainian name recommended for Sempervivum marmoreum is «ìîëîäè-
ëî ìàðìóðîâå».
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Sergei L. Mosyakin (M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany,
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv) for his helpful advice and for
comments on the language and style of the manuscript.
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S. 193—201.
Recommended for publication by Submitted 15.02.2006
S.L. Mosyakin
Þ. Êîá³â1
, P. K³ø2
, Ð. Ãëåá2
1
²íñòèòóò åêîëî㳿 Êàðïàò ÍÀÍ Óêðà¿íè, ì. Ëüâ³â
2
Óæãîðîäñüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò
SEMPERVIVUM MARMOREUM GRISEB. ( CRASSULACEAE)
 ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÈÕ ÊÀÐÏÀÒÀÕ: ÏÎØÈÐÅÍÍß, ÌÎÐÔÎËÎòß,
ÖÅÍÎÒÈ×Ͳ ÓÌÎÂÈ, ÏÎÏÓËßÖ²ÉͲ ÏÀÐÀÌÅÒÐÈ ÒÀ ÎÕÎÐÎÍÀ
Ïîâ³äîìëÿºòüñÿ ïðî îñåëèùå Sempervivum marmoreum â Óêðà¿íñüêèõ Êàðïàòàõ. Öåé âèä
íå íàâîäèòüñÿ â îñíîâíèõ óêðà¿íñüêèõ ôëîðèñòè÷íèõ çâåäåííÿõ. Îñåëèùå ðîçòàøîâàíå
íà ã. Êîáèëà ó ï³âäåíí³é ÷àñòèí³ Ñâèäîâåöüêîãî ìàñèâó â Ðàõ³âñüêîìó ð-í³ Çàêàðïàò-
ñüêî¿ îáë. Âêàçàí³ éîãî òî÷íå ðîçòàøóâàííÿ ³ öåíîòè÷í³ óìîâè. Ïðåäñòàâëåíî òàêîæ
ìîðôîëîã³÷íó õàðàêòåðèñòèêó S. marmoreum ³ ïàðàìåòðè ïîïóëÿö³¿, ÿêà º íå÷èñëåííîþ,
çíàõîäèòüñÿ ï³ä çàãðîçîþ, çàéìຠïëîùó ëèøå ó äåê³ëüêà ì2
³ ïîòðåáóº îõîðîíè. Âèä ñë³ä
âíåñòè äî «×åðâîíî¿ êíèãè Óêðà¿íè» ÿê êðèòè÷íî çàãðîæåíèé (CR).
Ê ë þ ÷ î â ³ ñ ë î â à: Sempervivum marmoreum, Êàðïàòè, ïîïóëÿö³ÿ, âèä ï³ä çàãðîçîþ
çíèêíåííÿ, îõîðîíà
Þ. Êîáèâ 1
, Ð. Êèø 2
, Ð. Ãëåá 2
1
Èíñòèòóò ýêîëîãèè Êàðïàò ÍÀÍ Óêðàèíû, ã. Ëüâîâ
2
Óæãîðîäñêèé íàöèîíàëüíûé óíèâåðñèòåò
SEMPERVIVUM MARMOREUM GRISEB. ( CRASSULACEAE)
 ÓÊÐÀÈÍÑÊÈÕ ÊÀÐÏÀÒÀÕ: ÐÀÑÏÐÎÑÒÐÀÍÅÍÈÅ,
ÌÎÐÔÎËÎÃÈß, ÖÅÍÎÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÓÑËÎÂÈß È ÎÕÐÀÍÀ
Ñîîáùàåòñÿ î ìåñòîïðîèçðàñòàíèè Sempervivum marmoreum â Óêðàèíñêèõ Êàðïàòàõ. Ýòîò
âèä íå ïðèâîäèòñÿ â îñíîâíûõ óêðàèíñêèõ ôëîðèñòè÷åñêèõ ñâîäêàõ. Ìåñòîïðîèçðàñòà-
íèå íàõîäèòñÿ íà ã. Êîáûëà â þæíîé ÷àñòè Ñâèäîâåöêîãî ìàññèâà â Ðàõîâñêîì ð-íå
Çàêàðïàòñêîé îáë. Óêàçûâàþòñÿ åãî òî÷íîå ðàñïîëîæåíèå è öåíîòè÷åñêèå óñëîâèÿ. Ïðè-
âåäåíû òàêæå ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêàÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêà S. marmoreum è ïàðàìåòðû ïîïóëÿöèè,
êîòîðàÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ìàëî÷èñëåííîé, çàíèìàåò ïëîùàäü ëèøü â íåñêîëüêî ì2
, íàõîäèòñÿ
ïîä óãðîçîé èñ÷åçíîâåíèÿ è íóæäàåòñÿ â îõðàíå. Âèä ñëåäóåò âêëþ÷èòü â «Êðàñíóþ êíè-
ãó Óêðàèíû» êàê íàõîäÿùèéñÿ ïîä êðèòè÷åñêîé óãðîçîé (CR).
Ê ë þ ÷ å â û å ñ ë î â à: Sempervivum marmoreum, Êàðïàòû, ïîïóëÿöèÿ, èç÷åçàþùèé
âèä, îõðàíà