The document discusses modal verbs and semi-modal verbs in English grammar. It defines modal verbs as helping verbs that express ideas like ability, permission, obligation, possibility, wish, and defines nine common modal verbs. It then provides examples of modal verb usage. Semi-modal verbs are also defined as helping verbs that express necessity, obligation, and past habits. Four common semi-modal verbs are identified along with examples. The document concludes with a fill-in-the-blank assignment using modal and semi-modal verbs.

2. MODAL VERBS
AND
SEMI-MODAL VERBS

3. MODAL VERBS
What is a modal verb?
A modal verb is a type of helping
verb that is used to express ability,
possibility, permission, obligation,
wish, etc.

4. There are nine modal verbs. They are
• shall
• should
• will
• would
• may
• might
• can
• could
• must

5. 1. Can you lift this box?- [Ability]
2. You can enter the class.- [Permission]
3. Could I have your dictionary, please?
[Polite request]
4. You must do it. [Obligation]
5. May I come in, Sir?- [Permission]

6. 6. It may rain tomorrow.- [Possibility]
7. You should do it.- [Necessity]
8. I would like to play cricket.- [Wish]
9. Shall we go out?- [Suggestion]
10. I will pass the class test.- [Determination]

7. What is a semi-modal verb?
A semi-modal verb is a helping verb
that is used to express necessity,
obligation, formal negative action,
habitual action in the past, etc.
SEMI-MODALS OR MODAL PHRASES

8. There are four semi-modal verbs. They are
• ought
• need
• dare
• used
[ought to, used to]

9. 1. You need not come here.-[Negative
construction]
2. You dare not punish my child.- [Formal
negative action]
3. We ought to love our motherland.-
[Obligation]
4. I used to play kabaddi when I was young.-
[Habitual action in the past]

10. ASSIGNMENT
Fill in the blanks with suitable modal verbs or semi-
modal verbs.
1. We……respect our elders.
2. I …….punish you if you do it again.
3. How ……you punish my child?
4. You …….not wait for me.
5. ……..I open the window?