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- 1. SUBJECT: TECHNIQUES OFEDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT PRESENTATION TOPIC: SELECTED-RESPONSE ITEMS PRESENTED BY: NADEEM AHMED KHAN PRESENTED TO: DR. AROOSA SOHAIL DEPARTMENT: EDUCATION SEMESTER: M. PHIL (1ST SEMESTER) DATE: DEC 23RD, 2022
- 3. SELECTED RESPONSE ITEMS Selected-response items ask students to select the correct answer from a list of options included in the item (Kansas State Department of Education) Selected-response items are those that are composed of questions to which there is typically one best answer. They are sometimes referred to objective assessments. These items measure the students’ ability to apply their knowledge and skills.
- 4. Advantages of Selected-Response Items ➢They are efficient. ➢ Selected-response items can be used to assess a range of student knowledge and skills. ➢ One can score them faster than other types of items. ➢ They are easy to analyze. ➢ They are relatively easy to construct and modify over time. ➢ They are quick to respond.
- 5. Disadvantages of Selected-Response Items Selected-response items cannot directly measure higher-order thinking in the same way that, for example, an essay prompt can. Students can guess the answers to selected-response items, which makes the results less accurate. A long assessment that contains only selected-response items can overwhelm and frustrate students. Multiple-choice questions favor students that are test-wise Multiple-choice questions reward guessing rather than knowing
- 6. Types of Selected-ResponseItems ▪ Binary Choice Items ▪ Multiple Choice Items ▪ Matching Items etc.
- 7. Binary Choice Items ▪A Binary Question is answered by picking one of two opposite choices. ▪ Such questions can be based on ❖ Fact/ Opinion ❖ True/ False ❖ Yes/ No ❖ Correct/ Incorrect
- 8. Binary Choice Items Advantages ▪It is fast and a student can answer many questions in a short amount of time. ▪ Can cover a lot of facts in a short space ▪ "Easy” to construct ▪ Can assess distinguishing fact and opinion ▪ Can assess identifying cause and effect Disadvantages ▪ A student has a 50/50 chance to get the correct answer. ▪ Ambiguity may promote merely “guessing.” ▪ Can usually only assess simple recall of facts ▪ The “right” answer is often obvious
- 9. Instructions in writingBinary Type Items The statement must be unequally true or false. Make each item as significant as possible. Include only one concept in each statement. Rarely use negative statements, never use double negatives The written length of the statement should neither be too long nor too short. Don’t use new terminology on an exam that you haven’t used in class. Phrase items carefully to assess recall. Avoid ambiguous statement
- 10. Multiple Choice Items Multiple choice questions consist of a stem (question or statement) with several answer choices (distractors). The multiple-choice format consists of two parts 1. The stem, which identifies the problem or the question 2. The options, which present the response alternative
- 11. Multiple Choice Items Advantages They are straightforward. Doesn’t require much effort from the respondent to answer the questions. Results are simple to analyze. Easy to complete on mobile devices They have fast processing times There's no room for subjectivity Easy to Create Disadvantages They don't produce any qualitative data, solely quantitative. Creates More Confusion Only a part of the concept is tested Only a guess not knowledge They limit the respondent in his answers
- 12. Guidelines in WritingMatching Items The stem should have a self-contained question or problem. Avoid negative statement. Ensure that the correct responses randomly occur in all positions.. Don’t use “all of the above” choice. “None of the above” choice can be used but occasionally. Keep answer choices concise. Answer choices should keep a consistent grammatical structure. Refrain repeating the same vocabulary in the choices as used in the question. Ensure that only one alternative is indisputably correct
- 13. Matching item Matchingitems consist of two lists of words, phrases, or images (often referred to as stems and responses). Students review the list of stems and match each with a word, phrase, or image from the list of responses. Two parallel lists of words or phrases requiring students to match entries on one list with entries on the other list. (Popham)
- 14. Matching item Advantages Givean objective assessment of the learners’ knowledge. Can be scored objectively and efficiently Relatively easy to construct Easy to read Easy to understand Easy to grade on paper Disadvantages Answering matching questions is time- consuming for learners. Items are inter-related Not suitable for all knowledge and learning skills.
- 15. Guidelines in WritingMatching item Use lists that are homogenous or in the same kind of group. Lists should be brief, with the shorter words or phrases listed on the right. Add extra response , more than is actually needed, to the list on the right. Alphabetize or arrange the responses on the right in the chronological sequence. Describe the directions clearly. Place the matching items on the same page. Focus on one concept rather than multiple concepts for a single matching question. Include more responses than premises.