Skeema is an open source that makes the schema changes Simplified across shards and distributed MySQL environments.

1. Seemless schema changes with
Skeema tool
Praveen GR
Associate database consultant,
Mydbops

2. • Interested in Open Source Database technologies
• 4 Years of Experience with MySQL
• Oracle certified MySQL DBA
• Experienced in both ON Premises and Cloud
• Tech Speaker/ Blogger
About Myself

3. • Services on top open source databases
• Founded in 2016
• 80 Member team
• Assisted over 500+ Customers
• AWS Partner , ISO certified and a PCI Certified Organisation
About Mydbops

4. Database
Consulting
Services
Managed
Database
Services
Focuses on Top Opensource database MySQL,MariaDB,
MongoDB and PostgreSQL ON Premises and Cloud
Mydbops Services

5. Problem statement
▪ Maintain changes in multiple servers.
▪ Alter method based on data size.
▪ Different environment.
▪ Concurrent execution.
▪ Syntax validation.

6. • Overview of Skeema tool
• Internal workflow
• Basics operation
• Notable flags of Skeema
• Common use cases of Skeema
• Limitation of Skeema
Agenda

7. Overview of skeema tool

8. ▪ Written in Golang and Active development tool.
▪ Capable of handling DDL (Create, Drop, Alter) on multiple servers
▪ Supported -
▪ MySQL
▪ MariaDB
▪ Percona server
▪ Aurora
Skeema tool

9. Installation

10. Installation of Skeema
Installation
Community
Package installation
Premium
apt-get, apk, yum

11. Requirements

12. ▪ Privileges - SELECT, CREATE, DROP, ALTER, INDEX, CREATE ROUTINE,
ALTER ROUTINE,CREATE VIEW, SHOW VIEW, TRIGGERS
Engine - InnoDB
Supported versions -
Requirements of Skeema
MySQL
Percona
server
MariaDB Aurora
5.5 - 8.0 5.5 - 8.0 10.1 - 10.8 5.6 - 8.0

13. Internal work flow

14. Internal work flow
Init
Host directory
Operation
.skeema file
Database
directory
Diff
Pull
Push
Lint
Skeema tool
Compare the
.sql with DB
Global config
.skeema file
.sql fiile
Parsing the
changes using
temp DB
Pull latest
structure from
server
Local config
Push changes
to DB

15. Basic operations

16. Basic operation - Initialisation
Initialisation of server for the first time under production directory.

17. Basic operation - Host directory
Database directory
Metadata file
Server directory

18. Basic operation - Host directory
Sql file under
database directory
Table structure in sql
file

19. Basic operation - Lint
There is a syntax error on .sql file, So it's showing a error message

20. Basic operation - Diff
Since changes are done on sbtest under praveen schema, the Skeema tool showing
difference and sample command as dry run .

21. Basic operation - Push
The changes are pushing to DB using pt-osc as a alter wrapper

22. Basic operation - Pull
The changes happened on DB directly, so Skeema is updating the sql file.

23. Notable flag of Skeema

24. ▪ alter-algorithm
▪ alter-lock
▪ concurrent-instances
▪ foreign-key-checks
▪ alter-wrapper
▪ alter-wrapper-min-size
▪ allow-unsafe
Notable flag of Skeema

25. Production use case

26. Use case - Particular schema validation
For particular schema execute Skeema from required data directory.

27. Use case - Particular schema initialise
Initialise Skeema for particular schema of a server.

28. Use case - For all servers
For common execution of Skeema among all servers, Execute from base directory.

29. Use case - For individual server
Only for particular server, execute Skeema from required server directory.

30. Use case - Enabling concurrency

31. Use case - Environment based
Adding new environment to existing server and identify difference among environment.

32. Community vs Premium edition

33. Community vs Premium edition
Community Premium
Supported DBs
MySQL 5.5 - 8.0
Percona 5.5 - 8.0
MariaDB 10.1 - 10.8
MySQL 5.5 - 8.0
Percona 5.5 - 8.0
MariaDB 10.1 - 10.8
AWS Aurora 5.6 - 8.0
OS builds
Linux
MacOS
Linux
MacOS
Windows
Views & Triggers No Yes
Technical Support No Yes
SSL / TLS certs No Yes

34. Limitation of Skeema

35. ▪ Not supported - sub-partitioning, Renaming columns or tables, DML
▪ spatial indexes are not supported
▪ MariaDB 10.3+ Oracle-style routine PACKAGEs are not supported.
▪ MariaDB’s system versioned table is not supported.
▪ Partial support for non-InnoDB storage engines
Notable Limitation of Skeema

36. ▪ https://www.skeema.io/docs/options/
▪ https://www.skeema.io/docs/commands/
▪ https://github.com/skeema/skeema
▪ https://www.skeema.io/docs/requirements/
Reference

37. Reach Us : Info@mydbops.com
Thank You