Security risks
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A denial of service (DoS) attack aims to make a website unavailable by consuming its bandwidth or resources. There are various types of DoS attacks, including bandwidth consumption attacks that flood a server with traffic, resource starvation attacks that exhaust a server's storage or memory, and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks that use multiple compromised computers or "zombies" to launch attacks. DoS attacks can cause costs from lost revenue, determining the nature and response to the attack, and implementing safeguards. While some attacks have malicious motives like blackmail or sabotage, even unintentional mass emails can overwhelm systems and crash services.
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Sreerag cs network security
The document discusses security threats in client-server networks and e-commerce. It describes two main types of security concerns: client-server security which uses authorization to control access to resources, and data/transaction security which ensures privacy of electronic communications. Common threats include unauthorized access, software vulnerabilities, and inconsistent access control configurations. Suggested countermeasures include access control methods like passwords and encryption, as well as firewalls to filter network traffic.
DNS Advanced Attacks and Analysis
Nowadays DNS is used to load balance, failover, and geographically redirect connections. DNS has become so pervasive it is hard to identify a modern TCP/IP connection that does not use DNS in some way. Unfortunately, due to the reliability built into the fundamental RFC-based design of DNS, most IT professionals don't spend much time worrying about it. If DNS is maliciously attacked — altering the addresses it gives out or taken offline the damage will be enormous. Whether conducted for political motives, financial gain, or just the notoriety of the attacker, the damage from a DNS attack can be devastating for the target.
In this research we will review different DNS advanced attacks and analyze them. We will survey some of the most DNS vulnerabilities and ways of DNS attacks protection.
Unlimited Attempts AllowedDetailsVirtual Labs Perpetrators of D.docx
Unlimited Attempts AllowedDetails
Virtual Labs: Perpetrators of DoS
Consider what you have learned so far about Denial of Service as you review the objectives and scenario below. Complete the lab that follows on EC-Council's website using the link below.
Objective
Denial of Service (DoS) is an attack on a computer or network that prevents legitimate use of its resources. In a DoS attack, attackers flood a victim’s system with illegitimate service requests or traffic to overload its resources and prevent it from performing intended tasks.
The objective of this lab is to help students learn to perform Denial of Service attacks and test a network for DoS flaws. In this lab, you will:
Perform a DoS attack by sending a large number of SYN packets continuously
Perform an HTTP flooding attack
Perform a DDoS attack
Detect and analyze DoS attack traffic
Scenario
In computing, a denial-of-service (DoS) attack is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users. Although the means, motives, and targets of a DoS attack may vary, it generally consists of the efforts of one or more people to temporarily or indefinitely interrupt or suspend services of a host connected to the Internet.
Perpetrators of DoS attacks typically target sites or services hosted on high-profile web servers such as banks, credit card payment gateways, and even root nameservers.
One common method of attack involves saturating the target machine with external communications requests so that it cannot respond to legitimate traffic, or it responds so slowly as to be rendered essentially unavailable. Such attacks usually lead to a server overload. DoS attacks can essentially disable your computer or your network. DoS attacks can be lucrative for criminals; recent attacks have shown that DoS attacks are a way for cybercriminals to profit.
As an expert Ethical Hacker or Pen Tester, you should have sound knowledge of Denial of Service and Distributed Denial of Service attacks in order to detect and neutralize attack handlers and mitigate such attacks. The labs in this module will give you a hands-on experience in auditing a network against DoD and DDoS attacks.
Week 8 Lab Assignment 1: Auditing a Network against DoD and DDoS attacks.
Lab Task:
The objective of this lab is to help students learn how to perform a DDoS attack—in this case, HTTP Flooding.
Lab Description:
A distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is a more sophisticated form of DoS attack in which, in some cases, it is difficult to trace the attackers. A DDoS attack is a large-scale, coordinated attack on the availability of services on a victim’s system or network, launched indirectly through many compromised computers on the Internet.
A DDoS attack uses many computers to launch a coordinated DoS attack against one or more targets. Using client/server technology, the perpetrator is able to multiply the effectiveness of the DoS significantly by harnessing the resour.
Protecting your business from ddos attacks
DDoS attacks work by using botnets to overwhelm a target site with large amounts of traffic, making it unavailable to legitimate users. They can have major business impacts by disrupting systems, damaging resources, and costing companies millions per day of downtime. While prevention is challenging due to distributed nature of attacks and internet, companies can mitigate risks by having adequate bandwidth, deploying DDoS defense systems, monitoring traffic, and creating incident response plans.
A041201010
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
DoS (Denial of Service) Attack Tutorial Ping of Death, DDOS Wha.docx
DoS (Denial of Service) Attack Tutorial: Ping of Death, DDOS
What is DoS Attack?
DOS is an attack used to deny legitimate users access to a resource such as accessing a website, network, emails, etc. or making it extremely slow. DoS is the acronym for Denial of Service. This type of attack is usually implemented by hitting the target resource such as a web server with too many requests at the same time. This results in the server failing to respond to all the requests. The effect of this can either be crashing the servers or slowing them down.
Cutting off some business from the internet can lead to significant loss of business or money. The internet and computer networks power a lot of businesses. Some organizations such as payment gateways, e-commerce sites entirely depend on the internet to do business.
In this tutorial, we will introduce you to what denial of service attack is, how it is performed and how you can protect against such attacks.
Topics covered in this tutorial
· Types of Dos Attacks
· How DoS attacks work
· DoS attack tools
· DoS Protection: Prevent an attack
· Hacking Activity: Ping of Death
· Hacking Activity: Launch a DOS attack
Types of Dos Attacks
There are two types of Dos attacks namely;
· DoS– this type of attack is performed by a single host
· Distributed DoS– this type of attack is performed by a number of compromised machines that all target the same victim. It floods the network with data packets.
How DoS attacks work
Let’s look at how DoS attacks are performed and the techniques used. We will look at five common types of attacks.
Ping of Death
The ping command is usually used to test the availability of a network resource. It works by sending small data packets to the network resource. The ping of death takes advantage of this and sends data packets above the maximum limit (65,536 bytes) that TCP/IP allows. TCP/IP fragmentation breaks the packets into small chunks that are sent to the server. Since the sent data packages are larger than what the server can handle, the server can freeze, reboot, or crash.
Smurf
This type of attack uses large amounts of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ping traffic target at an Internet Broadcast Address. The reply IP address is spoofed to that of the intended victim. All the replies are sent to the victim instead of the IP used for the pings. Since a single Internet Broadcast Address can support a maximum of 255 hosts, a smurf attack amplifies a single ping 255 times. The effect of this is slowing down the network to a point where it is impossible to use it.
Buffer overflow
A buffer is a temporal storage location in RAM that is used to hold data so that the CPU can manipulate it before writing it back to the disc. Buffers have a size limit. This type of attack loads the buffer with more data that it can hold. This causes the buffer to overflow and corrupt the data it holds. An example of a buffer overflow is sending emails with file names that have 256 characters ...
Infoblox White Paper - Top Five DNS Security Attack Risks and How to Avoid Them
This document discusses DNS security risks and how to better secure DNS infrastructure. It outlines five common DNS attack types, including TCP SYN floods, UDP floods, spoofed source address attacks, cache poisoning attacks, and man-in-the-middle attacks. It argues that general-purpose computers running operating systems like UNIX are not well-suited for DNS servers due to the complexity of securing the OS, difficulty of regularly updating both the OS and DNS software, and risk of compromise via user logins. Instead, it advocates for purpose-built appliances that are easier to secure and update to better prevent DNS attacks.
A survey of trends in massive ddos attacks and cloud based mitigations
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks today
have been amplified into gigabits volume with
broadband Internet access; at the same time, the us
e of more powerful botnets and common DDoS
mitigation and protection solutions implemented in
small and large organizations’ networks and servers
are no longer effective. Our survey provides an in-
depth study on the current largest DNS reflection a
ttack
with more than 300 Gbps on Spamhaus.org. We have re
viewed and analysed the current most popular
DDoS attack types that are launched by the hacktivi
sts. Lastly, effective cloud-based DDoS mitigation
and
protection techniques proposed by both academic res
earchers and large commercial cloud-based DDoS
service providers are discussed
Recommended
Sreerag cs network security
The document discusses security threats in client-server networks and e-commerce. It describes two main types of security concerns: client-server security which uses authorization to control access to resources, and data/transaction security which ensures privacy of electronic communications. Common threats include unauthorized access, software vulnerabilities, and inconsistent access control configurations. Suggested countermeasures include access control methods like passwords and encryption, as well as firewalls to filter network traffic.
DNS Advanced Attacks and Analysis
Nowadays DNS is used to load balance, failover, and geographically redirect connections. DNS has become so pervasive it is hard to identify a modern TCP/IP connection that does not use DNS in some way. Unfortunately, due to the reliability built into the fundamental RFC-based design of DNS, most IT professionals don't spend much time worrying about it. If DNS is maliciously attacked — altering the addresses it gives out or taken offline the damage will be enormous. Whether conducted for political motives, financial gain, or just the notoriety of the attacker, the damage from a DNS attack can be devastating for the target.
In this research we will review different DNS advanced attacks and analyze them. We will survey some of the most DNS vulnerabilities and ways of DNS attacks protection.
Unlimited Attempts AllowedDetailsVirtual Labs Perpetrators of D.docx
Unlimited Attempts AllowedDetails
Virtual Labs: Perpetrators of DoS
Consider what you have learned so far about Denial of Service as you review the objectives and scenario below. Complete the lab that follows on EC-Council's website using the link below.
Objective
Denial of Service (DoS) is an attack on a computer or network that prevents legitimate use of its resources. In a DoS attack, attackers flood a victim’s system with illegitimate service requests or traffic to overload its resources and prevent it from performing intended tasks.
The objective of this lab is to help students learn to perform Denial of Service attacks and test a network for DoS flaws. In this lab, you will:
Perform a DoS attack by sending a large number of SYN packets continuously
Perform an HTTP flooding attack
Perform a DDoS attack
Detect and analyze DoS attack traffic
Scenario
In computing, a denial-of-service (DoS) attack is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users. Although the means, motives, and targets of a DoS attack may vary, it generally consists of the efforts of one or more people to temporarily or indefinitely interrupt or suspend services of a host connected to the Internet.
Perpetrators of DoS attacks typically target sites or services hosted on high-profile web servers such as banks, credit card payment gateways, and even root nameservers.
One common method of attack involves saturating the target machine with external communications requests so that it cannot respond to legitimate traffic, or it responds so slowly as to be rendered essentially unavailable. Such attacks usually lead to a server overload. DoS attacks can essentially disable your computer or your network. DoS attacks can be lucrative for criminals; recent attacks have shown that DoS attacks are a way for cybercriminals to profit.
As an expert Ethical Hacker or Pen Tester, you should have sound knowledge of Denial of Service and Distributed Denial of Service attacks in order to detect and neutralize attack handlers and mitigate such attacks. The labs in this module will give you a hands-on experience in auditing a network against DoD and DDoS attacks.
Week 8 Lab Assignment 1: Auditing a Network against DoD and DDoS attacks.
Lab Task:
The objective of this lab is to help students learn how to perform a DDoS attack—in this case, HTTP Flooding.
Lab Description:
A distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is a more sophisticated form of DoS attack in which, in some cases, it is difficult to trace the attackers. A DDoS attack is a large-scale, coordinated attack on the availability of services on a victim’s system or network, launched indirectly through many compromised computers on the Internet.
A DDoS attack uses many computers to launch a coordinated DoS attack against one or more targets. Using client/server technology, the perpetrator is able to multiply the effectiveness of the DoS significantly by harnessing the resour.
Protecting your business from ddos attacks
DDoS attacks work by using botnets to overwhelm a target site with large amounts of traffic, making it unavailable to legitimate users. They can have major business impacts by disrupting systems, damaging resources, and costing companies millions per day of downtime. While prevention is challenging due to distributed nature of attacks and internet, companies can mitigate risks by having adequate bandwidth, deploying DDoS defense systems, monitoring traffic, and creating incident response plans.
A041201010
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
DoS (Denial of Service) Attack Tutorial Ping of Death, DDOS Wha.docx
DoS (Denial of Service) Attack Tutorial: Ping of Death, DDOS
What is DoS Attack?
DOS is an attack used to deny legitimate users access to a resource such as accessing a website, network, emails, etc. or making it extremely slow. DoS is the acronym for Denial of Service. This type of attack is usually implemented by hitting the target resource such as a web server with too many requests at the same time. This results in the server failing to respond to all the requests. The effect of this can either be crashing the servers or slowing them down.
Cutting off some business from the internet can lead to significant loss of business or money. The internet and computer networks power a lot of businesses. Some organizations such as payment gateways, e-commerce sites entirely depend on the internet to do business.
In this tutorial, we will introduce you to what denial of service attack is, how it is performed and how you can protect against such attacks.
Topics covered in this tutorial
· Types of Dos Attacks
· How DoS attacks work
· DoS attack tools
· DoS Protection: Prevent an attack
· Hacking Activity: Ping of Death
· Hacking Activity: Launch a DOS attack
Types of Dos Attacks
There are two types of Dos attacks namely;
· DoS– this type of attack is performed by a single host
· Distributed DoS– this type of attack is performed by a number of compromised machines that all target the same victim. It floods the network with data packets.
How DoS attacks work
Let’s look at how DoS attacks are performed and the techniques used. We will look at five common types of attacks.
Ping of Death
The ping command is usually used to test the availability of a network resource. It works by sending small data packets to the network resource. The ping of death takes advantage of this and sends data packets above the maximum limit (65,536 bytes) that TCP/IP allows. TCP/IP fragmentation breaks the packets into small chunks that are sent to the server. Since the sent data packages are larger than what the server can handle, the server can freeze, reboot, or crash.
Smurf
This type of attack uses large amounts of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ping traffic target at an Internet Broadcast Address. The reply IP address is spoofed to that of the intended victim. All the replies are sent to the victim instead of the IP used for the pings. Since a single Internet Broadcast Address can support a maximum of 255 hosts, a smurf attack amplifies a single ping 255 times. The effect of this is slowing down the network to a point where it is impossible to use it.
Buffer overflow
A buffer is a temporal storage location in RAM that is used to hold data so that the CPU can manipulate it before writing it back to the disc. Buffers have a size limit. This type of attack loads the buffer with more data that it can hold. This causes the buffer to overflow and corrupt the data it holds. An example of a buffer overflow is sending emails with file names that have 256 characters ...
Infoblox White Paper - Top Five DNS Security Attack Risks and How to Avoid Them
This document discusses DNS security risks and how to better secure DNS infrastructure. It outlines five common DNS attack types, including TCP SYN floods, UDP floods, spoofed source address attacks, cache poisoning attacks, and man-in-the-middle attacks. It argues that general-purpose computers running operating systems like UNIX are not well-suited for DNS servers due to the complexity of securing the OS, difficulty of regularly updating both the OS and DNS software, and risk of compromise via user logins. Instead, it advocates for purpose-built appliances that are easier to secure and update to better prevent DNS attacks.
A survey of trends in massive ddos attacks and cloud based mitigations
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks today
have been amplified into gigabits volume with
broadband Internet access; at the same time, the us
e of more powerful botnets and common DDoS
mitigation and protection solutions implemented in
small and large organizations’ networks and servers
are no longer effective. Our survey provides an in-
depth study on the current largest DNS reflection a
ttack
with more than 300 Gbps on Spamhaus.org. We have re
viewed and analysed the current most popular
DDoS attack types that are launched by the hacktivi
sts. Lastly, effective cloud-based DDoS mitigation
and
protection techniques proposed by both academic res
earchers and large commercial cloud-based DDoS
service providers are discussed
A survey of trends in massive ddos attacks and cloud based mitigations
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks today
have been amplified into gigabits volume with
broadband Internet access; at the same time, the us
e of more powerful botnets and common DDoS
mitigation and protection solutions implemented in
small and large organizations’ networks and servers
are no longer effective. Our survey provides an in-
depth study on the current largest DNS reflection a
ttack
with more than 300 Gbps on Spamhaus.org. We have re
viewed and analysed the current most popular
DDoS attack types that are launched by the hacktivi
sts. Lastly, effective cloud-based DDoS mitigation
and
protection techniques proposed by both academic res
earchers and large commercial cloud-based DDoS
service providers are discussed
A SURVEY OF TRENDS IN MASSIVE DDOS ATTACKS AND CLOUD-BASED MITIGATIONS
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks today have been amplified into gigabits volume with broadband Internet access; at the same time, the use of more powerful botnets and common DDoS mitigation and protection solutions implemented in small and large organizations’ networks and servers are no longer effective. Our survey provides an in-depth study on the current largest DNS reflection attack with more than 300 Gbps on Spamhaus.org. We have reviewed and analysed the current most popular DDoS attack types that are launched by the hacktivists. Lastly, effective cloud-based DDoS mitigation and protection techniques proposed by both academic researchers and large commercial cloud-based DDoS service providers are discussed.
50120140502001 2
This document summarizes methods for protecting against distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. It discusses traditional DDoS attack methods like ICMP floods and SYN floods. It also describes more advanced distributed techniques used by botsnets, including Trinoo, Tribe Flood Network, Stacheldraht, Shaft, and TFN2K. The document recommends ways to safeguard a network, such as using load balancing across multiple servers, increasing bandwidth capacity, and securing the DNS server. Protecting the network requires understanding various DDoS attack types and deployment of appropriate defenses.
Major Web Sever Threat.pptx
Web application attacks target web-based applications in order to access sensitive data or use the application to launch attacks against users. Major types of web attacks include denial-of-service attacks which overload servers, web defacement which replaces websites, SSH brute force attacks to gain access credentials, cross-site scripting which injects malicious code, directory traversal outside protected areas, DNS hijacking which redirects to malicious sites, man-in-the-middle attacks which intercept connections, HTTP response splitting using protocol manipulation, ransomware which encrypts systems for payment, and SQL injection which passes malicious code to databases.
Using the Web or another research tool, search for alternative means.pdf
Using namespace std;
The expansion of a steel bridge as it heated to a final Celsius temperature, Tf, from an initial
temperature T0 , can be approximated using the following formula:
Increase in length= a* L*(Tf-T0). Where a is the coefficient of expansion that is for steel is
11.7e-6, L is the length of bridge at temperature T0.
Using this formula, write a C++ program that displays a table of expansion length for a steel
bridge that’s 7365 meters long at 0 degrees Celsius, as the temperature increases to 40 degrees in
5 degree increments.
Solution
#include
using namespace std;
float Length(int Tf)
{
const float a = 11.7E-6;
const float L = 7365;
const float To=0;
return a*L*(Tf-To);
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
cout<<\"Intitial Temperature\\tFinal Temperature\\tIncreased Length\ \";
for (int i=1;i<=8;i++)
cout<<0<<\" degrees\\t\\t\"<.
Denial of service attack
The document discusses denial of service (DoS) and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. It defines DoS as an attack that renders a system unable to provide normal services by flooding it with traffic. DDoS uses multiple compromised systems to launch a coordinated DoS attack against one or more targets, multiplying the attack effectiveness. Attacks are classified by the system targeted (clients, routers, firewalls, servers), part of the system (hardware, OS, TCP/IP stack), and whether they exploit bugs or just overload resources. Common DDoS tools like Trinoo and TFN are mentioned. Protection from these large-scale attacks remains a challenge.
3-JournalofCommunicationsVol.14No.2February2019.pdf
This document presents a case study on the impact of denial of service (DoS) attacks on cloud applications. It begins with an introduction to cloud computing and discusses how DoS and distributed DoS (DDoS) attacks are major security threats. The paper then reviews DoS and DDoS attacks, including their objectives to overwhelm resources or exploit vulnerabilities. Next, it discusses defense strategies against such attacks. Finally, the document describes how the case study will measure the stability of a questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha and determine the impact of related variables on the results using stepwise multiple linear regression analysis and Spearman correlation.
546 220-228
This document summarizes research analyzing the impact of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on file transfer protocol (FTP) services. The researchers created a test network topology in the DETER cybersecurity testbed to simulate FTP traffic between clients and a server. They launched various DDoS attack types against the FTP server to measure the impact on network performance metrics like throughput, link utilization, and packet survival ratio. The attacks were found to degrade these metrics and disrupt the FTP services. The study provides insights into how DDoS attacks negatively impact network services like FTP.
Network security chapter 1,2
Any One Need Notes, PPT, Or Books Related to computer then Text us on 03007064299 or Email sososofar@gmail.com .We will upload it on slide share or email you.........
Types of Cyber Attacks
What is cyber security. Types of cyber attacks. Web based attacks. System based attacks. Injection attack, Cross-site scripting attack, DNS spoofing, Denial-of-service attack, brute force attack, virus, worms, Trojan horse.
Types of cyber attacks
This document summarizes different types of cyber attacks. It describes web-based attacks like SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and denial of service attacks. It also outlines system-based attacks such as viruses, worms, and trojan horses. Additionally, it covers methods that can assist attacks, including spoofing, sniffing, and port scanning. The goal of the document is to provide an overview of common cyber attacks and threats that exist in the cyber world.
Denial of-service (do s) attack
A Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack shuts down a machine or a network to make it inaccessible to its intended users. This PPT sheds light upon this kind of a cyberattack and its types, to increase awareness related to the threat that it poses to web servers and applications.
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Ix3615551559
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Ddos attacks
DDOs Attacks (Distributed Denial of Service
Attacks
DoS Basics
What is Internet?
What resources you access through Internet?
Who uses those resources?
Good vs Bad Users
Denial-of-Service attack
-DoS attack is a malicious attempt by a single person or a group of people to cause the victim, site, or node to deny service to its customers.
-What is (DoS)Attack
An attack that attempts to stop or prevent a legitimate user from accessing a service or system. The attacker will either directly attack the users network or system or the system or service that the users are attempting to access.
-Distributed denial of service attack (DDoS)
This type of attack is distributed among many different systems making it more powerful and harder to shutdown
A vivacious approach to detect and prevent d do s attack
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IRJET- DDOS Detection System using C4.5 Decision Tree Algorithm
This document proposes a machine learning model using the C4.5 decision tree algorithm to detect DDOS attacks. It trains the model on DDOS attack samples from the CICIDS2017 dataset, dividing the samples into training and test data. The Weka data mining tool is used to build the model with attribute filtering and 10-fold cross-validation. The trained model is then validated on the test data to accurately differentiate between benign and DDOS flooding traffic. This combined signature-based and anomaly-based detection approach can effectively detect complex DDOS attacks.
PREVENTING DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENTS
Distributed-Denial of Service (DDoS) is a key intimidation to network security. Network is a group of nodes that interrelate with each other for switch over the information. This information is necessary for that node is reserved confidentially. Attacker in the system may capture this private information and distorted. So security is the major issue. There are several security attacks in network. One of the major intimidations to internet examine is DDoS attack. It is a malevolent effort to suspending or suspends services to destination node. DDoS or DoS is an effort to create network resource or the machine is busy to
its intentional user. Numerous thoughts are developed for avoid the DDoS or DoS. DDoS occur in two different behaviors they may happen obviously or it may due to some attackers .Various schemes are developed defense against to this attack. The Main focus of paper is present basis of DDoS attack, DDoS
attack types, and DDoS attack components, intrusion prevention system for DDoS.
Preventing Distributed Denial of Service Attacks in Cloud Environments
Distributed-Denial of Service (DDoS) is a key intimidation to network security. Network is a group of
nodes that interrelate with each other for switch over the information. This information is necessary for
that node is reserved confidentially. Attacker in the system may capture this private information and
distorted. So security is the major issue. There are several security attacks in network. One of the major
intimidations to internet examine is DDoS attack. It is a malevolent effort to suspending or suspends
services to destination node. DDoS or DoS is an effort to create network resource or the machine is busy to
its intentional user. Numerous thoughts are developed for avoid the DDoS or DoS. DDoS occur in two
different behaviors they may happen obviously or it may due to some attackers .Various schemes are
developed defense against to this attack. The Main focus of paper is present basis of DDoS attack, DDoS
attack types, and DDoS attack components, intrusion prevention system for DDoS.
A REVIEW ON DDOS PREVENTION AND DETECTION METHODOLOGY
Denial of Service (DoS) or Distributed-Denial of Service (DDoS) is major threat to network security.
Network is collection of nodes that interconnect with each other for exchange the Information. This
information is required for that node is kept confidentially. Attacker in network computer captures this
information that is confidential and misuse the network. Hence security is one of the major issues. There
are one or many attacks in network. One of the major threats to internet service is DDoS (Distributed
denial of services) attack. DDoS attack is a malicious attempt to suspending or interrupting services to
target node. DDoS or DoS is an attempt to make network resource or the machine is unavailable to its
intended user. Many ideas are developed for avoiding the DDoS or DoS. DDoS happen in two ways
naturally or it may due to some botnets .Various schemes are developed defense against to this attack.
Main idea of this paper is present basis of DDoS attack. DDoS attack types, DDoS attack components,
survey on different mechanism to prevent DDoS
S3 environment
The document discusses the positive and negative environmental impacts of technology, with the negative impacts including electronic waste, resource depletion from manufacturing, and energy consumption from use. It also covers the concept of the carbon footprint from devices and advocates for understanding energy usage in computers and promoting energy saving methods and green technology.
The Processor.pptx
The processor handles all instructions and ensures hardware and software function properly. It can execute millions of instructions per second and must fetch, decode, and execute instructions from RAM while performing arithmetic calculations and logical operations. The arithmetic logic unit handles all calculations and decisions by adding, subtracting, comparing, and using logical operators. Registers provide temporary storage, and the control unit manages data flow with a clock, reading and writing memory, and responding to interrupts.
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A survey of trends in massive ddos attacks and cloud based mitigations
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks today
have been amplified into gigabits volume with
broadband Internet access; at the same time, the us
e of more powerful botnets and common DDoS
mitigation and protection solutions implemented in
small and large organizations’ networks and servers
are no longer effective. Our survey provides an in-
depth study on the current largest DNS reflection a
ttack
with more than 300 Gbps on Spamhaus.org. We have re
viewed and analysed the current most popular
DDoS attack types that are launched by the hacktivi
sts. Lastly, effective cloud-based DDoS mitigation
and
protection techniques proposed by both academic res
earchers and large commercial cloud-based DDoS
service providers are discussed
A SURVEY OF TRENDS IN MASSIVE DDOS ATTACKS AND CLOUD-BASED MITIGATIONS
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks today have been amplified into gigabits volume with broadband Internet access; at the same time, the use of more powerful botnets and common DDoS mitigation and protection solutions implemented in small and large organizations’ networks and servers are no longer effective. Our survey provides an in-depth study on the current largest DNS reflection attack with more than 300 Gbps on Spamhaus.org. We have reviewed and analysed the current most popular DDoS attack types that are launched by the hacktivists. Lastly, effective cloud-based DDoS mitigation and protection techniques proposed by both academic researchers and large commercial cloud-based DDoS service providers are discussed.
50120140502001 2
This document summarizes methods for protecting against distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. It discusses traditional DDoS attack methods like ICMP floods and SYN floods. It also describes more advanced distributed techniques used by botsnets, including Trinoo, Tribe Flood Network, Stacheldraht, Shaft, and TFN2K. The document recommends ways to safeguard a network, such as using load balancing across multiple servers, increasing bandwidth capacity, and securing the DNS server. Protecting the network requires understanding various DDoS attack types and deployment of appropriate defenses.
Major Web Sever Threat.pptx
Web application attacks target web-based applications in order to access sensitive data or use the application to launch attacks against users. Major types of web attacks include denial-of-service attacks which overload servers, web defacement which replaces websites, SSH brute force attacks to gain access credentials, cross-site scripting which injects malicious code, directory traversal outside protected areas, DNS hijacking which redirects to malicious sites, man-in-the-middle attacks which intercept connections, HTTP response splitting using protocol manipulation, ransomware which encrypts systems for payment, and SQL injection which passes malicious code to databases.
Using the Web or another research tool, search for alternative means.pdf
Using namespace std;
The expansion of a steel bridge as it heated to a final Celsius temperature, Tf, from an initial
temperature T0 , can be approximated using the following formula:
Increase in length= a* L*(Tf-T0). Where a is the coefficient of expansion that is for steel is
11.7e-6, L is the length of bridge at temperature T0.
Using this formula, write a C++ program that displays a table of expansion length for a steel
bridge that’s 7365 meters long at 0 degrees Celsius, as the temperature increases to 40 degrees in
5 degree increments.
Solution
#include
using namespace std;
float Length(int Tf)
{
const float a = 11.7E-6;
const float L = 7365;
const float To=0;
return a*L*(Tf-To);
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
cout<<\"Intitial Temperature\\tFinal Temperature\\tIncreased Length\ \";
for (int i=1;i<=8;i++)
cout<<0<<\" degrees\\t\\t\"<.
Denial of service attack
The document discusses denial of service (DoS) and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. It defines DoS as an attack that renders a system unable to provide normal services by flooding it with traffic. DDoS uses multiple compromised systems to launch a coordinated DoS attack against one or more targets, multiplying the attack effectiveness. Attacks are classified by the system targeted (clients, routers, firewalls, servers), part of the system (hardware, OS, TCP/IP stack), and whether they exploit bugs or just overload resources. Common DDoS tools like Trinoo and TFN are mentioned. Protection from these large-scale attacks remains a challenge.
3-JournalofCommunicationsVol.14No.2February2019.pdf
This document presents a case study on the impact of denial of service (DoS) attacks on cloud applications. It begins with an introduction to cloud computing and discusses how DoS and distributed DoS (DDoS) attacks are major security threats. The paper then reviews DoS and DDoS attacks, including their objectives to overwhelm resources or exploit vulnerabilities. Next, it discusses defense strategies against such attacks. Finally, the document describes how the case study will measure the stability of a questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha and determine the impact of related variables on the results using stepwise multiple linear regression analysis and Spearman correlation.
546 220-228
This document summarizes research analyzing the impact of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on file transfer protocol (FTP) services. The researchers created a test network topology in the DETER cybersecurity testbed to simulate FTP traffic between clients and a server. They launched various DDoS attack types against the FTP server to measure the impact on network performance metrics like throughput, link utilization, and packet survival ratio. The attacks were found to degrade these metrics and disrupt the FTP services. The study provides insights into how DDoS attacks negatively impact network services like FTP.
Network security chapter 1,2
Any One Need Notes, PPT, Or Books Related to computer then Text us on 03007064299 or Email sososofar@gmail.com .We will upload it on slide share or email you.........
Types of Cyber Attacks
What is cyber security. Types of cyber attacks. Web based attacks. System based attacks. Injection attack, Cross-site scripting attack, DNS spoofing, Denial-of-service attack, brute force attack, virus, worms, Trojan horse.
Types of cyber attacks
This document summarizes different types of cyber attacks. It describes web-based attacks like SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and denial of service attacks. It also outlines system-based attacks such as viruses, worms, and trojan horses. Additionally, it covers methods that can assist attacks, including spoofing, sniffing, and port scanning. The goal of the document is to provide an overview of common cyber attacks and threats that exist in the cyber world.
Denial of-service (do s) attack
A Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack shuts down a machine or a network to make it inaccessible to its intended users. This PPT sheds light upon this kind of a cyberattack and its types, to increase awareness related to the threat that it poses to web servers and applications.
DNS spoofing/poisoning Attack Report (Word Document)
This document discusses DNS spoofing/poisoning attacks. It begins by explaining how DNS works, translating domain names to IP addresses. It then discusses different types of DNS attacks, focusing on DNS spoofing/poisoning. The document outlines how DNS spoofing occurs by tampering with DNS resolvers or using malicious DNS servers. It explains the goals of attackers, such as launching denial of service attacks or redirecting users to fake websites. The document also provides ways to exploit DNS spoofing through amplification attacks and discusses recommendations for preventing DNS spoofing, such as checking and flushing DNS settings on Windows systems.
Ix3615551559
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Ddos attacks
DDOs Attacks (Distributed Denial of Service
Attacks
DoS Basics
What is Internet?
What resources you access through Internet?
Who uses those resources?
Good vs Bad Users
Denial-of-Service attack
-DoS attack is a malicious attempt by a single person or a group of people to cause the victim, site, or node to deny service to its customers.
-What is (DoS)Attack
An attack that attempts to stop or prevent a legitimate user from accessing a service or system. The attacker will either directly attack the users network or system or the system or service that the users are attempting to access.
-Distributed denial of service attack (DDoS)
This type of attack is distributed among many different systems making it more powerful and harder to shutdown
A vivacious approach to detect and prevent d do s attack
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IRJET- DDOS Detection System using C4.5 Decision Tree Algorithm
This document proposes a machine learning model using the C4.5 decision tree algorithm to detect DDOS attacks. It trains the model on DDOS attack samples from the CICIDS2017 dataset, dividing the samples into training and test data. The Weka data mining tool is used to build the model with attribute filtering and 10-fold cross-validation. The trained model is then validated on the test data to accurately differentiate between benign and DDOS flooding traffic. This combined signature-based and anomaly-based detection approach can effectively detect complex DDOS attacks.
PREVENTING DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENTS
Distributed-Denial of Service (DDoS) is a key intimidation to network security. Network is a group of nodes that interrelate with each other for switch over the information. This information is necessary for that node is reserved confidentially. Attacker in the system may capture this private information and distorted. So security is the major issue. There are several security attacks in network. One of the major intimidations to internet examine is DDoS attack. It is a malevolent effort to suspending or suspends services to destination node. DDoS or DoS is an effort to create network resource or the machine is busy to
its intentional user. Numerous thoughts are developed for avoid the DDoS or DoS. DDoS occur in two different behaviors they may happen obviously or it may due to some attackers .Various schemes are developed defense against to this attack. The Main focus of paper is present basis of DDoS attack, DDoS
attack types, and DDoS attack components, intrusion prevention system for DDoS.
Preventing Distributed Denial of Service Attacks in Cloud Environments
Distributed-Denial of Service (DDoS) is a key intimidation to network security. Network is a group of
nodes that interrelate with each other for switch over the information. This information is necessary for
that node is reserved confidentially. Attacker in the system may capture this private information and
distorted. So security is the major issue. There are several security attacks in network. One of the major
intimidations to internet examine is DDoS attack. It is a malevolent effort to suspending or suspends
services to destination node. DDoS or DoS is an effort to create network resource or the machine is busy to
its intentional user. Numerous thoughts are developed for avoid the DDoS or DoS. DDoS occur in two
different behaviors they may happen obviously or it may due to some attackers .Various schemes are
developed defense against to this attack. The Main focus of paper is present basis of DDoS attack, DDoS
attack types, and DDoS attack components, intrusion prevention system for DDoS.
A REVIEW ON DDOS PREVENTION AND DETECTION METHODOLOGY
Denial of Service (DoS) or Distributed-Denial of Service (DDoS) is major threat to network security.
Network is collection of nodes that interconnect with each other for exchange the Information. This
information is required for that node is kept confidentially. Attacker in network computer captures this
information that is confidential and misuse the network. Hence security is one of the major issues. There
are one or many attacks in network. One of the major threats to internet service is DDoS (Distributed
denial of services) attack. DDoS attack is a malicious attempt to suspending or interrupting services to
target node. DDoS or DoS is an attempt to make network resource or the machine is unavailable to its
intended user. Many ideas are developed for avoiding the DDoS or DoS. DDoS happen in two ways
naturally or it may due to some botnets .Various schemes are developed defense against to this attack.
Main idea of this paper is present basis of DDoS attack. DDoS attack types, DDoS attack components,
survey on different mechanism to prevent DDoS
Similar to Security risks (20)
A survey of trends in massive ddos attacks and cloud based mitigations
A survey of trends in massive ddos attacks and cloud based mitigations
A SURVEY OF TRENDS IN MASSIVE DDOS ATTACKS AND CLOUD-BASED MITIGATIONS
A SURVEY OF TRENDS IN MASSIVE DDOS ATTACKS AND CLOUD-BASED MITIGATIONS
Using the Web or another research tool, search for alternative means.pdf
Using the Web or another research tool, search for alternative means.pdf
3-JournalofCommunicationsVol.14No.2February2019.pdf
3-JournalofCommunicationsVol.14No.2February2019.pdf
DNS spoofing/poisoning Attack Report (Word Document)
DNS spoofing/poisoning Attack Report (Word Document)
A vivacious approach to detect and prevent d do s attack
A vivacious approach to detect and prevent d do s attack
IRJET- DDOS Detection System using C4.5 Decision Tree Algorithm
IRJET- DDOS Detection System using C4.5 Decision Tree Algorithm
PREVENTING DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENTS
PREVENTING DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENTS
Preventing Distributed Denial of Service Attacks in Cloud Environments
Preventing Distributed Denial of Service Attacks in Cloud Environments
A REVIEW ON DDOS PREVENTION AND DETECTION METHODOLOGY
A REVIEW ON DDOS PREVENTION AND DETECTION METHODOLOGY
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Security risks
- 2. Denial Of Service Attacks and effects A Denial of Service (DOS) attack is an active attack, where an attempt is made to force a website/online service to not be able to provide its service. How will you know you are being DOS’ed? ❏ Your server/system may have slow/sluggish performance ❏ users may have an inability to access it
- 3. Reason’s behind a DOS attack? Financial Blackmail Hacker for hire Political You don’t agree with the other sides views Personal Grudge against a former employer etc
- 4. Motivation behind a DOS attack? Personal Disgruntled employee Relationship breakup What about anti competitive practices? Can be be financially motivated or personal? What about just to see if it can be done?
- 5. Costs associated with a DOS attack There will be costs associated with a DOS attack Some costs would be 1. Lost revenue through to downtime 2. Determining the nature of the attack 3. The payment for labour to repair and response to the attack 4. Payment for labour to devise and implement safeguards 5. Additional admin to compensate for loss of network services
- 6. Types of DOS There are various methods by which a Denial Of Service attack can be implemented 1. Physical/Hardware 2. Bandwidth Consumption 3. Resource Starvation 4. Hardware attacks 5. Routing/DNS Attacks
- 7. Physical Attacks The easiest physical attack is to actually cut the wires/break the service of a server This can be through attacking switches/routers or other infrastructure
- 8. Bandwidth Consumption An attacker may be able to flood your server with packets of information These can be as simple as PING (ICMP echo) requests This forces the server to respond that it has received the packet This consumes the bandwidth available to the server
- 9. Resource Starvation A server has a finite amount of physical resources such as Backing Storage Memory An attack of this type will try to exhaust these resources What if you are able to continually force a server to create new user accounts or new orders Or spamming an email server so that it uses all of the available backing storage?
- 10. Not all DOS are malicious A “test email” sent to more than 1.2 million NHS employees caused the entire system to crash on Monday morning (14/11/16) NHS staff used Twitter to complain about an email that “inadvertently” included everyone on the mailing list of the NHSmail system. As thousands of replies to all were sent in response, asking to be removed from the mailing list, many claimed the entire system crashed. Staff used social media to encourage others to stop replying to the message.
- 11. DNS Attacks When you enter a URL into a browser. This URL is sent to a DNS server (Domain Name Service) The DNS server resolves the URL into an IP address 212.58.246.94
- 12. DNS attacks (cont.) One type of DNS attack would be to cause the DNS servers to route traffic to a target server consuming bandwidth Another would be to route traffic to a server of the attackers choosing So the users are denied the access of the server they wanted to
- 14. Distributed Denial Of Service (DDOS) A Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) attack is a type of DOS that uses a network of computers sometimes called a botnet or zombie army. The users of the zombies may be unaware Can be achieved through viruses/trojans
- 15. Example DDOS
- 16. Passive Attacks Passive attacks are where an attacker may just monitor a network Perhaps just intercepting data Can be very difficult to identify this is occurring Encryption would be the primary defence against this