Securing data
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Backups are important to guard against data loss from system failures or damage. A full backup includes all files while a partial backup only includes newly created or altered files. Physical security measures like locks, passwords, and encryption help protect data from theft, damage, or unauthorized access. Database management systems provide additional security through views that restrict user access to only relevant data and record locks that control simultaneous editing of records.
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Database Security & Encryption
Database encryption is increasingly being used to protect data at rest, including backups and data stored on portable devices that may be lost or stolen. Common encryption algorithms include AES (with 128-256 bit keys), 3DES, and RC5. While database management systems can encrypt data, key management is important and storing keys inside the database raises security issues. Alternatives include using an external encryption server for stronger key management and wider coverage of encrypted data. Overall, encryption provides an important last line of defense for database security if implemented correctly.
Task 1 - Securing Data
The document discusses several methods for securing data, including making regular backups of data to another storage device, keeping backups in a fireproof safe, using passwords to secure files and storage devices, encrypting data to make it unreadable without a key, restricting database access to particular views based on username, and using locking mechanisms in database management systems to control editing of records.
Securing data
Securing data involves preventing both data loss and unauthorized access. Data loss is prevented by making regular backups of data to other storage devices. Unauthorized access is restricted by assigning different permission levels to individual users to control what data they can access. Physical security measures like locks, cameras and guards can also help reduce data loss and unauthorized access by restricting access to the rooms containing critical systems and data.
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This document discusses database administration and security. It defines the roles of the data administrator and database administrator. The data administrator manages data development and standards, while the database administrator manages physical implementation, security, and performance. The document also discusses database security threats and countermeasures like authorization, backups, encryption, and RAID hardware configurations which improve reliability.
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Crash Plan PROe is an unlimited cloud backup service that runs continuously in the background to automatically back up users' data without any manual intervention. It retains unlimited amounts of backup data forever with no restrictions on file size or type. Backups can be stored in multiple locations for high availability and protection. Data is encrypted during transit and storage, and de-duplication ensures only new data is backed up to save storage space. Restores can be initiated by users or administrators from any device.
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Securing data
- 1. SECURING DATA BACKUP PHYSICAL SECURITY USERNAMES ENCRYPTION/DECRYPTION RESTRICTING ACCESSING USING DBMS VIEWS RECORD LOCKS IN DBMS
- 2. BACK UP A backup is another copy of the data that can be used to rebuild the system. If a computer fails or the storage media/database is damaged, the costs of interrupted operations and replacing any lost data can be enormous. A DBMS contains backup and recovery capabilities to guard against data loss. Backups are usually stored offsite and may be in fireproof safe. There are two types of backups: • A full backup includes all files • A partial backup includes only those files that have been created or altered.
- 3. PHYSICAL SECURITY Data can be stolen, destroyed or maliciously modified. Data security involves a series of safeguards to protect data. This includes use of usernames and passwords, biometric devices, personal objects, and firewalls. Data can also be encrypted. Restricting access using DBMS views and record locks in DBMS are also security measures. Additionally, there are also physical security measures where the physical location where servers are stored is locked and access is gained using keys, pass cards or pin numbers.
- 4. USERNAMES AND PASSWORDS • Passwords can be used to secure individual files, directories or even entire storage devices • Combination of user names and passwords are used by operation systems, network software and multi-user application to confirm the identity of users • Users can set passwords for individual files from within the file’s related software application
- 5. ENCRYPTION/DECRYPTION • encryption and decryption. Encryption is the process of encoding data. Decryption is the process of changing it back (decoding). It is the most effective of securing data during transmission. Data is encoded, transmitted and then converted back to its original form. One problem with encryption is to find a method that is difficult to decode but practical to use. There are two main types of encryption: • • Asymmetric encryption requires a key for encryption and a key for decryption. It involves a public key that is widely available (to encrypt) and a private key that is kept secret (to decrypt). Symmetric encryption requires the same key for both encryption and decryption. A common symmetric encryption system is the Data Encryption Standard (DES).
- 6. RESTRICTING ACCESSING USING DBMS VIEWS • Views – the restricted portion of a database made available to a user • access within databases commonly involves restricting access to particular views of the data based on usernames and the client application being executed by these users • The restricted portion of a database made available to a user. Views select particular data but have no effect on the underlying organization of the database
- 7. RECORD LOCKS IN DBMS • DBMS software retrieves records rather than files, editing can also be controlled based on records rather than complete files. • This prevents the unnecessary or inaccurate changes happening to the database without the authorization of administrators • Two types of locking - pessimistic: first user to edit, locks it • optimistic each change produces two options the old or new, either of which can be stored or discarded