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The document summarizes different types of cells that support and protect neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It describes astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, and satellite cells as part of the "non-neural family" that provide structure, insulation, and protection to neurons. It also briefly outlines unipolar and bipolar neurons as part of the "neural family" that receive stimuli and conduct action potentials.
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There are four major types of neuroglial cells in the central nervous system: astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, and oligodendrocytes. Astrocytes regulate the flow of ions and molecules to and from neurons. Ependymal cells line the brain ventricles and spinal cord canal and produce cerebrospinal fluid. Microglial cells support neurons by phagocytizing dead cells and debris. Oligodendrocytes insulate axons with myelin to speed signal transmission between neurons.
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Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. They communicate via electrical and chemical signals to transmit sensory information and control bodily movements. A neuron consists of a cell body containing the nucleus, dendrites that receive signals, a long axon that transmits signals, and axon terminals that release neurotransmitters and pass signals to other neurons at synapses. Neurons communicate through the transmission and reception of electrochemical signals along their lengths.
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The action potential travels from one location in the cell to another, but ion flow across the membrane occurs only at the nodes of Ranvier. As a result, the action potential signal jumps along the axon, from node to node, rather than propagating smoothly, as they do in axons that lack a myelin sheath.
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Nervous tissue is composed of neurons and supporting cells. Neurons have a cell body containing the nucleus, dendrites which receive signals, and an axon which transmits signals. The axon may be myelinated by Schwann cells to increase signal transmission speed. At synapses, the axon terminal releases neurotransmitters which allow communication with other neurons. Supporting glial cells aid neurons structurally and metabolically.
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The all the content in this profile is completed by the teachers, students as well as other health care peoples.
thank you, all the respected peoples, for giving the information to complete this presentation.
this information is free to use by anyone.
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The document summarizes the structure and types of neurons and glial cells in the nervous system. It discusses that neurons are excitable cells that conduct nerve impulses, while glial cells provide support and insulation. The major types of glial cells are astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells. Neurons consist of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. The axon conducts impulses away from the cell body and terminates in synaptic knobs. Neurons are classified structurally as multipolar, bipolar, or unipolar based on their processes, and functionally as afferent, efferent
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Neurons are the basic building blocks and information processors of the nervous system. They have a cell body containing the nucleus, and long projections called axons and dendrites. Axons carry electrical signals away from the cell body to transmit information to other neurons or target cells. Dendrites receive electrical signals from other neurons and carry them towards the cell body. The neuron is insulated by myelin sheaths along the axon which allows rapid signal transmission. Gaps in the myelin called nodes of Ranvier allow signals to hop between nodes. Neurons communicate with each other at junctions called synapses.
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The document discusses the nervous system, including the central nervous system which contains the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system which contains all peripheral nerves. It describes the basic functional unit of the nervous system as the neuron, which sends impulses to and from the central and peripheral nervous systems and effectors like muscles and glands. Key parts of the neuron are described as the dendrites, cell body, nucleus, axon, myelin sheath, and nodes of Ranvier.
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The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and millions of nerves. The brain is located at the top of the nervous system in the skull. The spinal cord hangs from the brain down through the backbone. Millions of nerves branch from the central nervous system and carry messages around the body.
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This document provides a brief overview of the central nervous system. It discusses the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. It describes the basic unit of the central nervous system as neurons and the supportive glial cells. It also summarizes the main components of the brain including the brainstem, cerebellum, cerebrum and their functions. Finally, it reviews some interesting facts about the brain such as its weight, composition and energy usage.
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The brain is the center of the nervous system located in the head and protected by the skull. It contains billions of neurons that communicate through long fibers called axons. While protected, the human brain is susceptible to damage from head injuries, strokes, diseases, and disorders. The cerebral cortex is divided into left and right hemispheres, each with four lobes - frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal. Each hemisphere primarily interacts with the opposite side of the body through crossed connections in the brain and spinal cord.
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The document discusses the different types of neuroglial cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems. There are four major types of neuroglial cells in the central nervous system: astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, and oligodendrocytes. Astrocytes provide metabolic support to neurons and help form the blood-brain barrier. Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons to speed signal transmission. The peripheral nervous system contains Schwann cells, which myelinate axons similarly to oligodendrocytes. Neuroglial cells outnumber neurons and provide crucial support roles to ensure neuronal survival.
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This document discusses the structure and function of nervous tissue. It begins by defining the basic components of nervous tissue: neurons, nerve processes (axons and dendrites), and neuroglia. It then describes in detail the anatomy and roles of neurons, glial cells like astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, myelination of axons, and synaptic transmission of nerve impulses between neurons. In summary, it provides an overview of the key cell types in the nervous system and how they enable neural signaling and communication.
Synapse
The document discusses synapses, the junctions between neurons. It defines a synapse and describes the three main types of neural cells: sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Synapses are classified in two ways - anatomically and functionally. Anatomical classification is based on where the axon of one neuron ends - on the cell body, dendrite, or axon of another neuron. Functional classification depends on how impulses are transmitted - either electrically through gap junctions (electrical synapses) or chemically through the release of neurotransmitters (chemical synapses).
Pyramidal tract
The pyramidal tract provides voluntary control of muscle movement and consists of the corticospinal tract and corticobulbar tract. The corticospinal tract controls limb movements from the motor cortex to spinal cord. The corticobulbar tract controls facial and neck muscles from the motor cortex to brainstem. Damage to these tracts can cause weakness, increased muscle tone and reflexes, and abnormal movements on the opposite side of the body.
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It is a brief account on neurons. Neurons are simply brain cells. They have the ability to process and transmit information as electrical and chemical signals.These signals between neurons occur via synapses.
Spinal cord and spinal nerves
The spinal cord is protected within the vertebrae and meninges. It acts as a highway for sensory and motor nerve impulses between the brain and spinal nerves. The spinal cord contains 31 pairs of spinal nerves that emerge at different levels to innervate different parts of the body. Sensory information enters the spinal cord via ascending tracts in the posterior region while motor commands exit via descending tracts in the anterior region, allowing for integration of reflexes. Spinal nerves branch into plexuses at certain levels to further distribute nerve signals.
Basic structure of neuron
The action potential travels from one location in the cell to another, but ion flow across the membrane occurs only at the nodes of Ranvier. As a result, the action potential signal jumps along the axon, from node to node, rather than propagating smoothly, as they do in axons that lack a myelin sheath.
Function of Dendrites. In order for neurons to become active, they must receive action potentials or other stimuli. Dendrites are the structures on the neuron that receive electrical messages. These messages come in two basic forms: excitatory and inhibitory.
The Cell body (soma) is the factory of the neuron. It produces all the proteins for the dendrites, axons and synaptic terminals and contains specialized organelles such as the mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, secretory granules, ribosomes and polysomes to provide energy and make the parts, as well as a production line to assemble the parts into completed products.
Spinal cord=dr.khalid latifawan
The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system along with the brain. It conducts impulses between the brain and body and initiates reflexes. The spinal cord is protected by three meninges (membranes) and contains gray matter in an H-shape surrounded by white matter. The gray matter contains motor and sensory neurons that connect to the peripheral nervous system via spinal nerves. The white matter contains ascending and descending tracts that transmit sensory information to the brain and motor commands from the brain.
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This document provides the classification and results from the 18th May 2013 stage of the Paris Arras Tour cycling race. Joey Rosskopf of Hincapie Sportswear Development won the 179.3km stage with an average speed of 43.58km/h. Giorgio Brambilla of Atlas Personal-Jakroo finished second, 19 seconds behind. A total of 121 riders completed the stage in the same time of 4 hours, 7 minutes and 12 seconds. The document lists each rider's ranking, bib number, name, team, nationality, and time.
Octubre172013 clase-ok
El documento habla sobre el uso de redes sociales en el periodismo. Explica algunas herramientas como mashups, que combinan información de varias fuentes para crear nuevos servicios; Storify, que permite contar historias usando contenido de redes sociales; y Google Maps y Earth, que ofrecen información geolocalizada. También menciona ejemplos de cómo diferentes medios usan estas herramientas para complementar su cobertura periodística.
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This pdf is about the glia cells.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
Glia Cells: https://youtu.be/Ux9bpADKWHI
Thanks...!
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The document summarizes the structure and function of the nervous system. It begins by stating that the nervous system controls all body activities and is divided into the central and peripheral nervous systems. The central nervous system comprises the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes cranial and spinal nerves. It then provides details on the anatomy and cellular components of the nervous system, including neurons, neuroglia, the myelin sheath and different classifications of nerve fibers.
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Fibrous joints are held together by connective tissue with no cavity present, and are either slightly mobile or immobile. Synovial joints contain synovial fluid and are freely movable, consisting of hyaline cartilage covering bone ends, a synovial membrane surrounding the joint cavity, and a fibrous capsule made of ligaments. Synovial joints allow for gliding, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, and ball-and-socket movements. Long bones have a shaft and two expanded ends, short bones are any shape, flat bones resemble shallow plates, and irregular bones have completely irregular shapes.
Whatmakesmenervous
This experiment was conducted to determine the best emergency preparedness method for a state fair. Data from studies on voluntary vs involuntary reflexes and reinforced vs unreinforced reflexes were analyzed. It was determined that an automatic (involuntary) machine detection of emergencies would be faster than human detection. A minimum data transfer speed of 0.72 m/s was required to quickly convey emergency messages across the fair, though budget constraints meant lab conditions were imperfect and the predicted speed was 100 m/s. Larger fairs may have slower emergency response times compared to the lab data.
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Nerve impulses begin when receptors are physically deformed by external forces like touch, pressure, or sound waves, initiating signals in sensory neurons. These mechanoreceptors allow us to detect touch, monitor body position and joint movement, and detect sounds. Nerve impulses are electrical fluctuations that travel as waves along the plasma membrane of neurons, conducting signals between cells.
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The document discusses various types of active transport that occur within cells, including exocytosis, pinocytosis, phagocytosis, and facilitated diffusion. It provides the example of the sodium-potassium pump, which pumps potassium into the cell and sodium out. Readers are then challenged to a word search puzzle finding terms related to active transport.
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Section3
- 1. Cell Jobs/ link nerve picture • Nancy’s Non-Neural Family- The neuroglia family is the glue to the neurons and is also a great support and protection force. Amanda Astocyte- She covers the surface of the neuron and blood vessel slide. She helps provide structural support and helps form the blood/brain barrier. Also she regulates what substances from the blood reach the neurons Carl Ciliated ependymal- He lines the ventricles of the brain bowling alley to help move the cerebrospinal fluid that keeps everything running smoothly. Erika Ependymal- Carl’s partner, On the surface of the choroid plexus secretes the cerebrospinal fluid. Marcus Microglia- He phagocytizes dead nervous tissue, microorganisms and other foreign matter. This helps keep the fair clean for all its customers. Olga Oligodencrocyte- She is the extension from the Myelin sheath around each axon within the peripheral nervous system. She helps all parts of the park under control. Sam Schwann- He forms the myelin sheath around each axon within the peripheral nervous system. This provides protection for the riders, so they are safe from harm. Sydney Satellite- Neuron cell bodies with ganglia are surrounded by her. She also provides protection to the rides and the riders. • Niall’s Neural Family- This family receives stimuli and conducts action potentials. Unipolar Ugo- He is a single fiber that extends from the cell and divides into two branches, one connected to the peripheral body part and works as a dendrite, the other entering the brain or spinal cord and functions as an axon. Bipolar Beatrice- She has only two nerve fibers one, an axon and the multipolar neuron. http://search.babylon.com/imageres.php?iu=http://www.enchantedlearning.com/ subjects/anatomy/brain/gifs/Neuron.GIF&ir=http://www.enchantedlearning.com/ subjects/anatomy/brain/Neuron.shtml&ig=http://t1.gstatic.com/ images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ9cJB6r1VMg0sgxTi6VSr1Xa9AnBHEAcloq9rc- ARNMKaJ4dIuib3Ufvic&h=308&w=535&q=nerve+picture+enchanted+learning&babsrc= adbartrp