SEAGULL: Low-Cost Pervasive Sensing for Monitoring and Analyzing Underwater Plastics
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
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- 1. SEAGULL: Low-Cost Pervasive Sensing for Monitoring and Analyzing Underwater Plastics Huber Flores, Agustin Zuniga, Marko Radeta, Zhigang Yin, Mohan Liyagane, Naser Motlagh, Ngoc Nguyen, Sasu Tarkoma, Moustafa Youssef, Petteri Nurmi 1 May 14, 2024, CPS-IoT Week, Hong Kong 2024
- 2. Importance • Plastic pollution is a global concern, affecting everything from marine ecosystems to climate change and even human health. 2 Source: https://www.naturepl.com/stock-photo-divers-swimming-past-a- plastic-bag-floating-underwater-resembling-a-nature-image01619091.html Source: https://www.pikrepo.com/frqdg/plastic-bottle-floating-on-water Floating Underwater Source: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/484840716132563124/ Preventing the pollution caused by plastics is extremely important Mixing with the ecosystem
- 3. Finding plastics underwater is non-trivial • Visual inspections (humans) and object recognition fail to identify plastics 3 Source: https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/plastic-pollution-coral- reefs-disease-damage-seas-oceans-cornell-university-a8178156.html Source: https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/plastic-pollution-coral- reefs-disease-damage-seas-oceans-cornell-university-a8178156.html Coral wrapped in a plastic bag Plastic bottle blended with coral How to identify and classify plastics underwater accurately? Source: https://twitter.com/4ocean/status/993913424332673025/photo/1 Degraded plastic bottle in sea floor
- 4. Automated solutions 4 Current solutions can identify plastics (to some extent) but it is not possible to classify them Source: https://newatlas.com/boxfish-rov-underwater-camera-drone/55612/ Source: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/558094578803524390/ RIC = Resin Identification Code
- 5. SEAGULL (Contributions) • Low-cost sensing solution: SEAGULL uses inexpensive light diodes (or LEDs) and a photo-receptor, together with a pipeline implementing convolutional sparse coding • Testbed (Sea and river): Two different testbeds to analyze the performance of our method • New insights: Classification performance of identification of plastics underwater (turbidity, turbulence and so on) 5 SEAGULL correctly distinguishes between the main plastic with an 85% accuracy
- 6. SEAGULL: Overview 6 • Embedded into ROVs and UAVs • Embedded into scuba diving gear
- 7. SEAGULL: Pipeline • Simply explained 7
- 8. SEAGULL: Pipeline • Simply explained 8
- 9. SEAGULL: Pipeline • Simply explained 9 • Input • Dictionary • Sparse representation • Sparse coding optimization and reconstruction • Output
- 10. SEAGULL: Pipeline • Simply explained 10
- 11. SEAGULL: Evaluation • Controlled evaluation 11 Plastic characterization using light values Plastic samples Plastic characteristics Samples
- 13. Sensor performance 13 50 samples Source: https://www.recycling.com/why-is-plastic-recycling-important/
- 14. Water conditions • Luminosity 14 AL = Ambient Light AD = Ambient Dark Insight: Luminosity causes drift in the measurements, requiring calibration of the sensor
- 15. Water conditions • Turbidity 15 AL = Ambient Light AD = Ambient Dark Insight: It does not cause any drastic change in the measurements
- 16. Water conditions • Frozen water 16 AL = Ambient Light AD = Ambient Dark Insight: It changes slightly fingerprints in transparent and translucid objects
- 17. Water conditions • Turbulence 17 AL = Ambient Light Insight: Introduces more variance on sensor data, requiring sampling from multiple points of the target object
- 18. Water conditions • Turbulence 18 AL = Ambient Light Insight: Introduces more variance on sensor data, requiring sampling from multiple points of the target object Insight: Combination of accelerometer and gyroscope can detect when to take measurements with the light sensor
- 20. Practicability: Prototypes 20 UAV augmentation Scuba diver gear
- 22. Practicability: River 22 Insight: Better integration can improve the results (upward force)
- 23. Practicability: Sea 23 Insight: Manual placement provides better stability of samples
- 24. Summary and conclusions • Low-cost sensing solution: SEAGULL uses inexpensive light diodes (or LEDs) and a photo-receptor, together with a pipeline implementing convolutional sparse coding • Testbed (Sea and river): Two different testbeds to analyze the performance of our method • New insights: Classification performance of identification of plastics underwater 24
- 25. Questions? Thank you! Huber Flores (huber.flores@ut.ee) Agustin Zuniga (agustin.zuniga@helsinki.fi) Marko Radeta (marko.radeta@wave-labs.org) Zhigang Yin (zhigang.yin@ut.ee) Mohan Liyanage (mohan.liyanage@ut.ee) Naser Motlagh (naser.motlagh@helsinki.fi) Ngoc Thi Nguyen (ngoc.nguyen@helsinki.fi) Sasu Tarkoma (sasu.tarkoma@ut.ee) Moustafa Youssef (moustafa.youssef@aucegypt.edu) Petteri Nurmi (petteri.nurmi@helsinki.fi) 25