A script is a blueprint for a film, television, or video game production. It uses sparse prose and technical language to describe visual elements and convey characters' thoughts through action and symbolism rather than directly. A script is around 90-120 pages in Courier font, with each page equating to about one minute of screen time. Comedies tend to be shorter at 90 pages while dramas are longer at 120 pages. Effective scripts focus on a protagonist the audience can empathize with, include a difficult but attainable goal for the protagonist, and bring the story to a satisfying conclusion.
A screenplay is a written work that describes the shots and scenes in a movie. It teaches how films are constructed as carefully crafted stories meant to elicit specific emotions, similar to books. Understanding screenwriting gives insight into how movies are created and allows writers to feel empowered in completely controlling a film's story. A screenplay follows a particular format and deals in visual elements and pieces of filmed action rather than internal thoughts, so writers must show rather than tell to visualize what will appear on screen.
This document discusses the key elements of drama, including setting, characters, plot, theme, and style. It also covers elements of drama in theatre, such as scenery, costumes, props, lights, and sounds. Additionally, it lists different forms of theatre space like the proscenium stage, thrust stage, booth stage, arena stage, and created stage. The purpose of theatre is to promote social awareness, entertain audiences, and allow for free expression of opinions. Common Philippine play forms include komedya, cenakulo, playlets, sarswela, and drama.
The document provides guidelines for correctly formatting a screenplay, including using 12 point Courier font, including essential elements like scene headings with locations and times, character names, dialogue, and descriptions of actions and scenes. It also explains how production scripts can include additional details for cameras, lighting, sounds, and shot directions to visualize how the story would appear on screen. Correct formatting is essential for scripts to be considered by production studios and directors.
This document provides an introduction to drama by defining key terms and concepts. It begins by explaining that plays are written to be performed by actors through dialogue, action, and gestures in front of an audience. Plays have acts and scenes and use stage directions, while focusing on dialogue to understand characters and plot. It then defines common dramatic techniques like monologues, soliloquies, and asides that provide insight. The two main types of plays are comedies, which use humor, and tragedies, which often end tragically. The document concludes by discussing elements of plot like exposition, rising action, climax, and resolution.
The document outlines the key elements of drama and theatre, dividing them into three categories: literary elements, technical elements, and performance elements. The literary elements include plot, character, theme, and language. Technical elements comprise scenery, costumes, props, lights, and sound. Performance elements involve acting, character analysis, vocal expression, gestures, and movement on stage.
The document provides an introduction to key theater terminology for middle school students such as character, dialogue, conflict, scene, stage directions, and plot elements including exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. It also includes exercises for students to practice developing characters, relationships, and stories based on photographs using the terminology.
A script is a blueprint for a film, television, or video game production. It uses sparse prose and technical language to describe visual elements and convey characters' thoughts through action and symbolism rather than directly. A script is around 90-120 pages in Courier font, with each page equating to about one minute of screen time. Comedies tend to be shorter at 90 pages while dramas are longer at 120 pages. Effective scripts focus on a protagonist the audience can empathize with, include a difficult but attainable goal for the protagonist, and bring the story to a satisfying conclusion.
A screenplay is a written work that describes the shots and scenes in a movie. It teaches how films are constructed as carefully crafted stories meant to elicit specific emotions, similar to books. Understanding screenwriting gives insight into how movies are created and allows writers to feel empowered in completely controlling a film's story. A screenplay follows a particular format and deals in visual elements and pieces of filmed action rather than internal thoughts, so writers must show rather than tell to visualize what will appear on screen.
This document discusses the key elements of drama, including setting, characters, plot, theme, and style. It also covers elements of drama in theatre, such as scenery, costumes, props, lights, and sounds. Additionally, it lists different forms of theatre space like the proscenium stage, thrust stage, booth stage, arena stage, and created stage. The purpose of theatre is to promote social awareness, entertain audiences, and allow for free expression of opinions. Common Philippine play forms include komedya, cenakulo, playlets, sarswela, and drama.
The document provides guidelines for correctly formatting a screenplay, including using 12 point Courier font, including essential elements like scene headings with locations and times, character names, dialogue, and descriptions of actions and scenes. It also explains how production scripts can include additional details for cameras, lighting, sounds, and shot directions to visualize how the story would appear on screen. Correct formatting is essential for scripts to be considered by production studios and directors.
This document provides an introduction to drama by defining key terms and concepts. It begins by explaining that plays are written to be performed by actors through dialogue, action, and gestures in front of an audience. Plays have acts and scenes and use stage directions, while focusing on dialogue to understand characters and plot. It then defines common dramatic techniques like monologues, soliloquies, and asides that provide insight. The two main types of plays are comedies, which use humor, and tragedies, which often end tragically. The document concludes by discussing elements of plot like exposition, rising action, climax, and resolution.
The document outlines the key elements of drama and theatre, dividing them into three categories: literary elements, technical elements, and performance elements. The literary elements include plot, character, theme, and language. Technical elements comprise scenery, costumes, props, lights, and sound. Performance elements involve acting, character analysis, vocal expression, gestures, and movement on stage.
The document provides an introduction to key theater terminology for middle school students such as character, dialogue, conflict, scene, stage directions, and plot elements including exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. It also includes exercises for students to practice developing characters, relationships, and stories based on photographs using the terminology.
Diegetic sounds originate from within the scene and are naturally occurring, like character voices or object sounds. Non-diegetic sounds are added in post-production and don't originate from within the scene, like narration, music, or amplified sound effects. The distinction depends on the audience understanding of natural versus added sounds, and diegetic and non-diegetic conventions can be used to surprise audiences, as in comedies. Footsteps in a chase scene would be non-diegetic and recreated/amplified in post, to create a sense of panic for characters fleeing. Background music is also non-diegetic and meant to represent the teens' lives in the full film.
1. introduction to writing a screenplayRichard Dwyer
This document provides guidance on developing a video script by outlining key elements of screenplays and storytelling techniques. It discusses that screenplays are instruction manuals that include dialogue, character descriptions, and setting details. Screenplays can be original works or adaptations from other sources. For video scripts, the story must be told visually through what the audience sees and hears rather than just describing. Good scripts are typically between 95-125 pages. The document then asks questions about elements of a good story like unpredictability, interesting characters, and conflict before offering techniques for developing original story ideas like changing elements of existing stories or posing "what if" scenarios.
This document provides guidance on writing scripts for films. It explains that a film script tells a story through conceptual elements and audiovisual components. An effective script structure includes a beginning, middle, and end. The beginning hooks the audience and establishes the film's core idea. The middle is challenging and must present a logical chain of events to prove the core idea. It can be divided into independent sequences that collectively drive the story forward. The ending should be both inevitable and unexpected, leaving the audience with a lasting impression that determines their overall opinion of the film. Proper script structure and pacing are essential to an engaging narrative.
The document discusses different types of acting, the actor's process, and acting techniques. It describes two main types of acting - presentational acting which "presents" a character to the audience, and representational acting which "represents" or portrays a character. It outlines Constantin Stanislavski's system of acting which focuses on psychological realism. The document also discusses an actor's training, auditioning, rehearsal, and performance processes.
Radio drama is a purely audio performance broadcast on radio that relies on dialogue, music, and sound effects to help listeners visualize the story without visuals. Codes and conventions are elements that must be included in radio dramas, such as scripts containing cues for dialogue, music, and effects to convey the writer's intentions. Music and sound effects create atmosphere and add realism, while silence builds tension. Character voices with different accents show various personalities to engage listeners.
The document provides an overview of drama and its history and elements. It discusses how drama originated in ancient Greece as a way to honor Dionysus and evolved from dithyrambs performed by choruses. It describes the key elements of drama including plot, characters, setting, dialogue, conflict and how plays are typically structured in 3 or 5 acts. The document also provides a brief history of early Philippine drama forms like duplo and karagatan during the Spanish era and some of the popular plays that emerged then like Cenakulo.
This document discusses key elements used in filmmaking - story, setting, sound, color, character, and camera. It examines how each element is used to engage the audience, establish mood, provide context, and develop characters and plot. Specific techniques are outlined, such as using music to convey emotion, diegetic vs non-diegetic sound, and how settings and colors can influence audience expectations and understanding. The document also prompts questions about how these various elements are employed in films.
A drama is a story enacted onstage that originated from ancient Greek theater. Tragedies typically deal with serious themes and end unhappily, while comedies focus on romantic conflicts and end happily. The elements of drama that can be analyzed include literary elements like plot, character, and theme as well as technical elements of scenery, costumes, lighting, and sound and performance elements of acting, character analysis, and nonverbal expression.
This document provides information about melodramas, including their definition, origins, stereotypes, and storylines. Melodramas are dramatic works that appeal strongly to emotions through exaggerated characters and exciting plots. They originated in 19th century France as a combination of spoken drama and music. Common stereotypes in melodramas include the loveable rogue and damsel in distress. Storylines aim to elicit catharsis by mirroring characters' emotions, provide escapism from reality through unlikely events, or use realism to inspire viewers' aspirations.
The document discusses the importance of sound in film. It explains that a film's sound track is comprised of three essential elements: human voice, sound effects, and music. These three elements must be carefully mixed and balanced to effectively convey meaning, emotion, and narrative. The document then provides examples and explanations of different types of sounds used in films, including diegetic sounds, non-diegetic sounds, dialogue, silence, and music.
The document summarizes the key elements of drama that can be used to analyze dramatic works. It divides these elements into three categories: literary elements, technical elements, and performance elements. The literary elements include plot, character, exposition, conflict, theme, and dialogue. The technical elements comprise scenery, costumes, props, lights, and sound. The performance elements involve acting, character motivation, verbal and nonverbal expression, and character analysis.
The document outlines the key elements of drama, beginning with Aristotle's original six elements of plot, theme, characters, dialogue, music/rhythm, and spectacle. It then discusses how modern drama has expanded on this to include elements such as convention, genre, and audience. The elements are further categorized into literary elements, technical elements, and performance elements.
Drama is a story enacted on stage for a live audience. It originated in ancient Greece as plays written to honor Dionysus, the god of wine. A drama uses plot, characters, conflict, and resolution similar to a story, with complications building tension until the climax resolves the conflict. Tragedies typically end unhappily and focus on serious themes, while comedies end happily and center on romantic plots. Modern drama experiments with form and focuses on ordinary people and personal issues. A play is brought to life through its performance, using elements like staging, acting, costumes, and props to transform the script into a shared theatrical experience for actors and audience.
This document outlines several conventions of comedy genre films. Comedies are typically set in suburban areas like schools and bars that are happy and sunny. They use natural lighting and a range of shots. Common visual styles include modern colors and props like beer and drugs. The narrative follows multiple protagonists dealing with disruption, attempting repair, and achieving a new equilibrium. Character types include idiot protagonists, villains, and people who seem good but betray the group. Themes include good vs bad, idiocy, drinking, and friendship.
Semiotic film theory analyzes how meaning is conveyed through signs and codes in cinema. Films use various visual elements like lighting, shot composition, and juxtaposition of images to signify ideas beyond their literal meaning. Structuralist film theory emphasizes how simple combinations of shots can create additional implied meanings through cultural codes and conventions. Semiotic analysis involves examining signs like characters, props, and backgrounds to understand their denotations and cultural connotations, and how they relate through paradigmatic and syntagmatic relationships to construct meaning.
Writing a film script (introduction to the basics)iain bruce
The document is a lecture on script writing and film production. It begins by introducing the basic structure of a film script, which is broken into three acts with plot twists at the end of each act. It then discusses the components of a scene, including the slugline at the beginning which identifies the location and time. The main parts of a scene are the action, which describes what the characters are doing, and the dialogue, which is what the characters say. It emphasizes that script writing takes practice and developing believable characters through understanding their motivations and backgrounds.
What is a screenplay - A Beginner's Guide To Screenplay WritingJames Prince
What is a screenplay is a a beginner's guide to learning how to properly write, format, and create a script out of that swirling vision you have had in your creative brain all these years.
This document provides guidance on scriptwriting for a game trailer. It recommends using Courier New font sized 12 points and including a title page with the script title and author. Scene headings should use CAPS and include location, time of day, and characters. Each page should represent one minute of screen time. The first scene should fade in and include a scene setting. Character names should be in CAPS when mentioned. Dialogue should move the story along and reflect characters while capturing subtext. The document concludes by instructing the reader to format their story into a scripted trailer.
This document provides an overview of the history and elements of drama. It discusses the origins of drama in ancient Greece and how plays were written to honor Dionysus. The basic elements of drama are then outlined, including playwrights, actors, acts, scenes, plots, dialogue, soliloquies, and more. Various drama genres are also summarized, such as tragedy involving a flawed protagonist and unhappy ending, and comedy featuring romantic conflicts resolved through marriage. Modern drama experimentation is briefly mentioned before discussing performance elements like stage types, scene design, lighting, costumes, and props.
The document provides information about script formatting and elements. It discusses the master scene script format, which includes scene headings with location and time details, narrative descriptions to unfold the story visually, and dialogue blocks with character names and optional parentheticals. An extract is analyzed from the 1990 film Edward Scissorhands to illustrate these elements, including how the opening scene description sets the dark, mysterious tone and introduces the main character as an artificial humanoid.
Formats and conventions of scripts for media productsannalisejohnston1
The document discusses various script formats used in different media including film, radio, and video games. It analyzes the Master Scene script format used for films, describing its key elements like sluglines, character names, dialogue blocks, and more. The timing conventions and purpose of each element are explained. Radio and video game script formats are also covered, noting differences from film scripts due to their interactive or audio-only nature. Key terminology and conventions for each format are defined.
Diegetic sounds originate from within the scene and are naturally occurring, like character voices or object sounds. Non-diegetic sounds are added in post-production and don't originate from within the scene, like narration, music, or amplified sound effects. The distinction depends on the audience understanding of natural versus added sounds, and diegetic and non-diegetic conventions can be used to surprise audiences, as in comedies. Footsteps in a chase scene would be non-diegetic and recreated/amplified in post, to create a sense of panic for characters fleeing. Background music is also non-diegetic and meant to represent the teens' lives in the full film.
1. introduction to writing a screenplayRichard Dwyer
This document provides guidance on developing a video script by outlining key elements of screenplays and storytelling techniques. It discusses that screenplays are instruction manuals that include dialogue, character descriptions, and setting details. Screenplays can be original works or adaptations from other sources. For video scripts, the story must be told visually through what the audience sees and hears rather than just describing. Good scripts are typically between 95-125 pages. The document then asks questions about elements of a good story like unpredictability, interesting characters, and conflict before offering techniques for developing original story ideas like changing elements of existing stories or posing "what if" scenarios.
This document provides guidance on writing scripts for films. It explains that a film script tells a story through conceptual elements and audiovisual components. An effective script structure includes a beginning, middle, and end. The beginning hooks the audience and establishes the film's core idea. The middle is challenging and must present a logical chain of events to prove the core idea. It can be divided into independent sequences that collectively drive the story forward. The ending should be both inevitable and unexpected, leaving the audience with a lasting impression that determines their overall opinion of the film. Proper script structure and pacing are essential to an engaging narrative.
The document discusses different types of acting, the actor's process, and acting techniques. It describes two main types of acting - presentational acting which "presents" a character to the audience, and representational acting which "represents" or portrays a character. It outlines Constantin Stanislavski's system of acting which focuses on psychological realism. The document also discusses an actor's training, auditioning, rehearsal, and performance processes.
Radio drama is a purely audio performance broadcast on radio that relies on dialogue, music, and sound effects to help listeners visualize the story without visuals. Codes and conventions are elements that must be included in radio dramas, such as scripts containing cues for dialogue, music, and effects to convey the writer's intentions. Music and sound effects create atmosphere and add realism, while silence builds tension. Character voices with different accents show various personalities to engage listeners.
The document provides an overview of drama and its history and elements. It discusses how drama originated in ancient Greece as a way to honor Dionysus and evolved from dithyrambs performed by choruses. It describes the key elements of drama including plot, characters, setting, dialogue, conflict and how plays are typically structured in 3 or 5 acts. The document also provides a brief history of early Philippine drama forms like duplo and karagatan during the Spanish era and some of the popular plays that emerged then like Cenakulo.
This document discusses key elements used in filmmaking - story, setting, sound, color, character, and camera. It examines how each element is used to engage the audience, establish mood, provide context, and develop characters and plot. Specific techniques are outlined, such as using music to convey emotion, diegetic vs non-diegetic sound, and how settings and colors can influence audience expectations and understanding. The document also prompts questions about how these various elements are employed in films.
A drama is a story enacted onstage that originated from ancient Greek theater. Tragedies typically deal with serious themes and end unhappily, while comedies focus on romantic conflicts and end happily. The elements of drama that can be analyzed include literary elements like plot, character, and theme as well as technical elements of scenery, costumes, lighting, and sound and performance elements of acting, character analysis, and nonverbal expression.
This document provides information about melodramas, including their definition, origins, stereotypes, and storylines. Melodramas are dramatic works that appeal strongly to emotions through exaggerated characters and exciting plots. They originated in 19th century France as a combination of spoken drama and music. Common stereotypes in melodramas include the loveable rogue and damsel in distress. Storylines aim to elicit catharsis by mirroring characters' emotions, provide escapism from reality through unlikely events, or use realism to inspire viewers' aspirations.
The document discusses the importance of sound in film. It explains that a film's sound track is comprised of three essential elements: human voice, sound effects, and music. These three elements must be carefully mixed and balanced to effectively convey meaning, emotion, and narrative. The document then provides examples and explanations of different types of sounds used in films, including diegetic sounds, non-diegetic sounds, dialogue, silence, and music.
The document summarizes the key elements of drama that can be used to analyze dramatic works. It divides these elements into three categories: literary elements, technical elements, and performance elements. The literary elements include plot, character, exposition, conflict, theme, and dialogue. The technical elements comprise scenery, costumes, props, lights, and sound. The performance elements involve acting, character motivation, verbal and nonverbal expression, and character analysis.
The document outlines the key elements of drama, beginning with Aristotle's original six elements of plot, theme, characters, dialogue, music/rhythm, and spectacle. It then discusses how modern drama has expanded on this to include elements such as convention, genre, and audience. The elements are further categorized into literary elements, technical elements, and performance elements.
Drama is a story enacted on stage for a live audience. It originated in ancient Greece as plays written to honor Dionysus, the god of wine. A drama uses plot, characters, conflict, and resolution similar to a story, with complications building tension until the climax resolves the conflict. Tragedies typically end unhappily and focus on serious themes, while comedies end happily and center on romantic plots. Modern drama experiments with form and focuses on ordinary people and personal issues. A play is brought to life through its performance, using elements like staging, acting, costumes, and props to transform the script into a shared theatrical experience for actors and audience.
This document outlines several conventions of comedy genre films. Comedies are typically set in suburban areas like schools and bars that are happy and sunny. They use natural lighting and a range of shots. Common visual styles include modern colors and props like beer and drugs. The narrative follows multiple protagonists dealing with disruption, attempting repair, and achieving a new equilibrium. Character types include idiot protagonists, villains, and people who seem good but betray the group. Themes include good vs bad, idiocy, drinking, and friendship.
Semiotic film theory analyzes how meaning is conveyed through signs and codes in cinema. Films use various visual elements like lighting, shot composition, and juxtaposition of images to signify ideas beyond their literal meaning. Structuralist film theory emphasizes how simple combinations of shots can create additional implied meanings through cultural codes and conventions. Semiotic analysis involves examining signs like characters, props, and backgrounds to understand their denotations and cultural connotations, and how they relate through paradigmatic and syntagmatic relationships to construct meaning.
Writing a film script (introduction to the basics)iain bruce
The document is a lecture on script writing and film production. It begins by introducing the basic structure of a film script, which is broken into three acts with plot twists at the end of each act. It then discusses the components of a scene, including the slugline at the beginning which identifies the location and time. The main parts of a scene are the action, which describes what the characters are doing, and the dialogue, which is what the characters say. It emphasizes that script writing takes practice and developing believable characters through understanding their motivations and backgrounds.
What is a screenplay - A Beginner's Guide To Screenplay WritingJames Prince
What is a screenplay is a a beginner's guide to learning how to properly write, format, and create a script out of that swirling vision you have had in your creative brain all these years.
This document provides guidance on scriptwriting for a game trailer. It recommends using Courier New font sized 12 points and including a title page with the script title and author. Scene headings should use CAPS and include location, time of day, and characters. Each page should represent one minute of screen time. The first scene should fade in and include a scene setting. Character names should be in CAPS when mentioned. Dialogue should move the story along and reflect characters while capturing subtext. The document concludes by instructing the reader to format their story into a scripted trailer.
This document provides an overview of the history and elements of drama. It discusses the origins of drama in ancient Greece and how plays were written to honor Dionysus. The basic elements of drama are then outlined, including playwrights, actors, acts, scenes, plots, dialogue, soliloquies, and more. Various drama genres are also summarized, such as tragedy involving a flawed protagonist and unhappy ending, and comedy featuring romantic conflicts resolved through marriage. Modern drama experimentation is briefly mentioned before discussing performance elements like stage types, scene design, lighting, costumes, and props.
The document provides information about script formatting and elements. It discusses the master scene script format, which includes scene headings with location and time details, narrative descriptions to unfold the story visually, and dialogue blocks with character names and optional parentheticals. An extract is analyzed from the 1990 film Edward Scissorhands to illustrate these elements, including how the opening scene description sets the dark, mysterious tone and introduces the main character as an artificial humanoid.
Formats and conventions of scripts for media productsannalisejohnston1
The document discusses various script formats used in different media including film, radio, and video games. It analyzes the Master Scene script format used for films, describing its key elements like sluglines, character names, dialogue blocks, and more. The timing conventions and purpose of each element are explained. Radio and video game script formats are also covered, noting differences from film scripts due to their interactive or audio-only nature. Key terminology and conventions for each format are defined.
Formats and conventions of scripts for media productsJ_Scott01
The document discusses the format and conventions of master scene/spec scripts used in the film industry. It provides details on the typical elements of these scripts, including scene headings, narrative description, character description, dialogue formatting, and timing guidelines. It uses the 1993 film Jurassic Park as an example master scene script, analyzing an extract to demonstrate how the descriptive text translates to the on-screen action and engages the audience.
The document outlines a 3-step filmmaking process:
1) Pre-production including script development, storyboarding, and pitching the story idea.
2) Production and filming based on the script and storyboards. Roles and responsibilities are assigned.
3) Post-production including editing, exhibiting the video, writing reviews, and reflecting.
A screenplay is a written work for film, television, or video games. It includes dialogue, character actions and descriptions, and scene locations. Screenplays use a specific format including slug lines at the start of each scene describing the location and time. The standard font is 12 point Courier and one page typically equals one minute of screen time. Screenplays include action descriptions written in present tense and dialogue written in centered text under character names in all caps. Effective screenplays focus on dialogue and simple scene descriptions to tell the story without restrictive acting directions.
The document provides an overview of the storyboarding process as part of the AFI SCREEN EDUCATION PROCESS. It discusses screenwriting, where the screenwriter creates a detailed script. It then explains storyboarding, where visual representations of shots are created to convey scenes to the filmmaking team. Students are challenged to create storyboards based on their scripts to plan shot sequences and receive feedback before filming.
Formats and conventions of scripts for media productsJ_Scott01
The document discusses various script formats and conventions for different media including film, radio, video games, and more. It provides details on elements like scene headings, character descriptions, dialogue formatting, and how scripts are adapted for different purposes and productions. Key points covered include the standard Master Scene script format for film with examples from Jurassic Park, differences between screenplays and shooting scripts, and conventions for scripts in radio, video games, and other mediums.
The document provides guidelines for formatting a screenplay, including using 12-point Courier font and 1-inch margins on US letter paper. Scene headings are written in uppercase and indicate the location and time of day. Character names appear in uppercase and are followed by dialogue. Parentheticals provide character actions or attitudes and are rarely used. Transitions like "CUT TO:" indicate film editing instructions.
This document provides information and guidelines for writing a one-act play or screenplay. It explains that a one-act play is a short drama that is published in anthologies rather than as standalone works. It then outlines the typical elements of a screenplay, including scene headings with location and time, action blocks to describe what is seen and heard, character names in uppercase, parentheticals for context, dialogue centered on the page, and transition directions in uppercase.
C:\Users\Dynamite Dilly\Documents\As Media Studies\Example How To Format A Sc...Dylan
The document provides instructions on how to properly format a screenplay, including the four main elements - sluglines, action, character names, and dialogue. It explains how to write each element and provides examples. It also discusses variations like additional location information in sluglines and ways to emphasize cuts between scenes. Finally, it covers additional details like formatting of parentheticals, uses of capitalization, including camera directions.
The document is a sample script page that follows standard script formatting conventions. It includes the scene location in all capital letters, character names also in capital letters with descriptions, action lines describing what the audience sees, indications of voice overs, key props in capital letters, and parentheticals providing delivery instructions for actors. Scripts are always written in Courier New font, size 12, on plain white A4 paper.
This document provides information about different types of scripts used in various media:
1) Master scene scripts are used to sell films to investors and do not include camera directions. They include scene headings, narrative descriptions, and dialogue blocks.
2) Shooting scripts are used in film production and include scene numbers, camera angles, and other technical details not included in master scene scripts.
3) Radio scripts focus on dialogue with minimal narrative description since nothing can be communicated visually. They include identifiers like (OFF) to indicate characters are off microphone.
4) Video game scripts include a standard script part and flowcharts to account for the nonlinear narratives and player choices in games.
This document discusses various aspects of scriptwriting, including titles, formatting, and the writing process. It provides examples of different types of titles and explains script formatting guidelines. Key points covered include choosing an engaging title, following industry-standard formatting for spec scripts, and the importance of rewriting and feedback in crafting the final script. The document concludes by outlining questions critics may ask when evaluating a script.
This document provides an overview of script-writing techniques for films. It discusses key elements like developing a story around characters or ideas, establishing characters' wants and needs, using "hooks" to create suspense, and following a typical three-act structure. The document also covers script formatting, describing scenes, shots, and the writing and editing process from initial ideas to final draft. Main goals in script-writing are showing rather than telling events through images and ensuring dialogue sounds natural.
The document discusses different script formats used in various media including film, radio, video games, and their key differences. Master scene scripts are the standard for film and include scene headings, actions in caps, and mixing of dialogue and description. Radio scripts rely more on dialogue and use indications to show emotion and tone. Video game scripts are more complex with branching storylines documented in flowcharts and scripts that account for player choices and variables. While formats vary by media, all aim to effectively guide production and tell the story.
This document provides an overview of the key elements of a script for a play, film, or other production. It defines elements such as scene headings, character names, dialogue, parentheticals, extensions, shots, transitions, and act/scene numbers. It explains that a script uses these elements to describe the visual elements, locations, character interactions, and flow of events in a production in a written format.
The document discusses various techniques used in filmmaking to tell visual stories. It begins by explaining that films use pictures and sounds, in addition to words, to convey meaning. It then covers concepts like mise-en-scène, cinematography, editing techniques, narrative structures, and semiotics - how meaning is constructed through signs and symbols in film. Overall, the document illustrates that film is a complex visual text that uses multiple artistic and technical elements purposefully arranged to immerse viewers in fictional worlds and communicate ideas.
The document discusses the importance of a well-written screenplay. It emphasizes that a compelling script is essential for a successful film project and provides tips for writing an effective screenplay, including telling a great story, keeping the writing interesting, using proper formatting, and avoiding unnecessary camera directions or large blocks of description. The document also outlines typical three-act story structure and provides homework of writing a five-page script "hook" to bring to class.
The document discusses different script formats used in various media including Master Scene Script for films, Shooting Scripts for production, Radio Scripts, and Video Game Scripts. Master Scene Script is the standard format for films and includes scene headings, narrative descriptions in paragraphs, and dialogue. Shooting Scripts include more details for production like scene numbers and camera angles. Radio Scripts rely heavily on dialogue and use indications to show emotion and tone. Video Game Scripts are nonlinear and use flowcharts to map choices and their consequences, while the scripts account for variable outcomes.
1. The document discusses several methods of language teaching: Grammar-Translation Method, Direct Method, Audio-Lingual Method, Cognitive-Code Method, The Natural Approach, Total Physical Response, Suggestopedia, and Communicative Language Teaching.
2. It analyzes each method based on requirements for optimal input such as making input comprehensible, interesting, not grammatically sequenced, in sufficient quantity, and at a low affective filter level.
3. The analysis finds that Suggestopedia comes closest to meeting all the requirements for optimal input by lowering affective filters, allowing subconscious language acquisition, and putting grammar learning in its proper place instead of overemphasizing it.
The document discusses adapting instructional materials. It defines adaptation as modifying materials to suit intended learners. There are several reasons for adapting materials, such as achieving congruence between variables like teaching style and student needs, and making materials more meaningful. Principles of adaptation include increasing relevance, personalizing to learning styles, and localizing content. Guidelines for adapting include choosing credible authors, modifying ideas as needed, and validating adapted materials with experts. The document also provides tips for adapting textbooks and supplementary materials like modifying content, tasks, and expanding materials.
This document provides an overview of materials development for language teaching. It defines instructional materials and their roles in the classroom. It discusses trends in materials moving from teacher-created to publisher-driven. Principles of effective materials include achieving impact, relevance, and authentic language use. Factors like learners and context influence materials. Frameworks illustrate how goals, syllabus, and materials work together. The document outlines processes for designing, developing, and disseminating materials, as well as guidelines like curriculum mapping and scriptwriting.
This document provides an overview of the male reproductive system. It describes the main parts including the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, and penis. It explains the functions of each part like sperm production in the testes and sperm storage in the epididymis. Key processes like spermatogenesis and ejaculation are summarized. The pathway of sperm through the reproductive system is outlined. Testosterone production and its functions are also briefly discussed.
This document provides an overview of modern theater, including its origins in the late 1800s parallel to industrialization and intellectual movements. It describes several movements in modern theater such as realism, naturalism, and antirealism (symbolism, expressionism, futurism, dadaism, surrealism). Pioneers of these movements like Ibsen, Chekhov, and Artaud are mentioned. The document also briefly outlines personnel involved in modern productions and common theater configurations.
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Boudoir photography, a genre that captures intimate and sensual images of individuals, has experienced significant transformation over the years, particularly in New York City (NYC). Known for its diversity and vibrant arts scene, NYC has been a hub for the evolution of various art forms, including boudoir photography. This article delves into the historical background, cultural significance, technological advancements, and the contemporary landscape of boudoir photography in NYC.
The cherry: beauty, softness, its heart-shaped plastic has inspired artists since Antiquity. Cherries and strawberries were considered the fruits of paradise and thus represented the souls of men.
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3. What is a script?
A document that outlines every aural,
visual, behavioral, lingual element required
to tell a story.
Must conform to standards that all involved
parties understand
Intended to overview the typical elements
4. Screen Writing Rules
Written on 8.5” x 11” white 3-hole punched paper
A page number in the upper right corner
No page number on the first page
Font style: Courier
Font size: 12
Margins: between 0.5” – 1” (right, top & bottom)
between 1.2” – 1.6” (left)
5. Script Elements
Scene Heading
A short description of the location and time of
day of a scene, also known as a "slugline”
e.g.
EXT. MOUNTAIN CABIN - DAY
6. Script Elements
Scene Heading
Are we indoors or outdoors?
Name of the location
Time of the day
Continuous action
Stock shot
7. Script Elements
Scene Heading
Aligned flush left
Written in ALL CAPS
Used a period after the INT. or EXT.
Used a hyphen between the other elements
8. Script Elements
Action
The moving pictures we see on screen
The direction given by a director indicating that
filming
e.g.
FADE IN:
EXT. KEY WEST MARINA - DAWN -
ESTABLISHING Sailboats, yachts,
and cabin cruisers all bob up
and down in the warm blue water.
10. Script Elements
Action
Written in REAL TIME
Use active voice
Always write in PRESENT TENSE
From left to right margin
4-5 lines
11. Script Elements
Character Name
Can be an actual name or description or an
occupation
e.g.
INT. MASTER SUITE – MORNING
Sunlight filters through
portholes over the figure of
FRANKIE CAMPISI, 38.
FRANKIE
12. Script Elements
Character Name
When introduced for the first time, write it in
all caps.
Before a character can speak, the writer inserts
a CHARACTER NAME to let the reader know
this character's dialogue follows.
Formatted in ALL CAPS
Indented 3.5” from the left margin
13. Script Elements
Dialogue
The speeches between characters in a film or a
play
A window into the soul of the character
e.g.
FRANKIE
Rise and shine, Bluebird.
Time to spread your wings and
fly.
14. Script Elements
Dialogue
Indented 2.5” from the left margin
Indented 2.0” – 2.5” from the right margin
Can be 30 – 35 spaces long
15. Script Elements
Parenthetical
Also known as a “wryly” because of the
inclination of amateur screenwriters to try to
accent a character’s speech
e.g.
JULIE
(sleepily)
What? What time is it?
16. Script Elements
Parenthetical
Can be an attitude, verbal or action direction for
the actor
Used as the continuing notation
Generally disfavored nowadays
17. Script Elements
Parenthetical
Left indented at 3.0”
Right indented at 3.5”
Not centered under the character name
Should be short, to the point, descriptive and
used when necessary
18. Script Elements
Extension
A technical note placed directly to the right of
the character name that denotes how the
character’s voice will be heard by the audience
O.S. – Off-Screen
V.O. – Voice Over
e.g.
JULIE (O.S.)
Twenty minutes.
19. Script Elements
Transition
Denotes an editing transition within the telling of
a story
Use when necessary
e.g.
DISSOLVE TO: indicates that time has passed
TIME CUT: indicates passage of time
20. Script Elements
Transition
Indented left at 6.5”
Right margin of 1.0”
ALL CAPS
Follows an ACTION and precedes SCENE
HEADINGS
21. Script Elements
Shot
What the camera sees
Allows the reader to see something not obvious
in the scene
Allows the writer to achieve a particular emotion
or build to a climax
e.g.
ANGLE ON --
EXTREME CLOSE UP --
PAN TO –
22. Script Elements
Shot
PRISONER
(trembling)
I'll kill him! I mean it.
PRISON GUARD
Take him out! Now! Do it!
ANGLE ON - A PRISON GUARD SHARP SHOOTER
as he lines up the shot, finger poised on
the trigger.