Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia
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The document summarizes a scholarly article that questions the use of psychotropic medications like antidepressants and antipsychotics in treating anorexia nervosa. The article analyzes data on 520 women with anorexia nervosa over 13 years and finds that 53% reported using psychotropic medications, with 48.4% using antidepressants and 13% using antipsychotics. However, these medications have not been proven effective for anorexia and can have adverse effects, so more research is needed before their continued widespread use.
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PPS-Congres 21-05-2015 Risicobeheersing bij PPS (19052015) re SIV re CL
PPS-Congres 21-05-2015 Risicobeheersing bij PPS (19052015) re SIV re CL
Similar to Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia
A PILOT STUDY ON DRUG - DRUG INTERACTIONS AMONG THE SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS IN...
A PILOT STUDY ON DRUG - DRUG INTERACTIONS AMONG THE SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS IN...Gangula Amareswara Reddy
As the improvement in schizophrenia patients is seen with only long term therapy, being adhered to the regimen all the way is very important. Development of drug-drug interactions among prescribed agents is the main reason for drug non adherence.Hence prior assessment of prescriptions is mandatory for the prescriptions with multiple drug therapy.The study opens door for larger studies to emphasize the role of pharmacist in identifying and preventing drug-drug interactions.Case # 29- The depressed man who thought he was out of options. .docx
Case # 29- The depressed man who thought he was out of options.
Depression has become a common mental disorder in our elderly population. This has caused a global concern for occur, geriatric patients, as depression often results in a significant burden for families as well as communities. Elderly people who suffer from depression may have an inferior baseline and record for medical assessments than those individuals without depression. Despite consistent evidence of the effectiveness of antidepressants for many with depression,
3
particularly those with more severe depression, remission rates are disappointingly low. An AHRQ-sponsored report found that only 46% of patients experienced remission from depression during 6 to 12 weeks of treatment with second-generation antidepressants. One major reason for this issue is non-adherence to medications and treatment plans. Studies have shown that patients' age, race and ethnicity are consistently associated with predictions of outcomes. (Rossom et al., 2016).
This case study involves a 69-year old man whose chief complaint is unremitting, chronic depression. After several years of medications and treatments, he feels hopeless for a recovery from his chronic depression. This assignments seeks to explore his family and social support systems, diagnostic testing, differential diagnosis and pharmacologic treatment options for this patient.
Questions for the client
How have you been sleeping lately?
How many times in the last week have you had feelings of hopelessness?
Are you having thoughts of harming yourself? Do you have a plan?
These questions are an important yet simple place to start when treating patients. Sleep disturbances plague much of the world's population and have shown to be a major indicator for mental health issues. Changes in sleep neurophysiology are often observed in depressive patients, and impaired sleep is, in many cases, the chief complaint of depression (Armitage, 2007). Depressed patients with sleep disturbance are likely to present more severe symptoms and difficulties in treatment. In addition, persistent insomnia is the most common residual symptom in depressed patients and is considered a vital predictor of depression relapse and may contribute to unpleasant clinical outcomes (Hinkelmann et al., 20120. Questions involving feelings of hopelessness and suicidal ideations with or without a plan relate to issues of patient safety. Across psychiatric disorders, hopelessness is associated with suicidal ideation and behavior. A meta-analysis of 166 longitudinal studies (sample size not reported) found that hopelessness was associated with an increased risk of ideation (Ribeiro, Huang, Fox, & Franklin, 2018).
Family and social support system
Family and social support systems are imperative for any patient in recovery. If the patient is agreeable to discussions with family members, then a discussion with his wife would be helpful. Researc.
Poster: Psychotropic Medications in Eating Disorders
Poster Presentation at the Association for Psychological Science. Psychotropic Medications in Adult and Adolescent Eating Disorders: Clinical Practice Versus Evidence-Based Recommendations., May 29, 2016, Chicago, Illinois.
Nocebo In FMS
This document summarizes a systematic review that analyzed randomized controlled drug trials for fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) to determine the impact of nocebo effects on adverse events reported. The review found that nocebo effects substantially accounted for adverse events in the drug groups for both conditions. Specifically, nocebo effects accounted for 72.0% of dropouts due to adverse events in the FMS drug groups and 44.9% in the DPN drug groups. The review calls for standards to better assess and report adverse events in clinical trials to more accurately determine the risks and benefits of drug therapies.
Space Trial
1) This randomized clinical trial compared opioid vs nonopioid medication therapy over 12 months for patients with chronic back, hip, or knee pain.
2) It found no significant difference in pain-related function between the two groups, but pain intensity was significantly better in the nonopioid group. Adverse effects were significantly more common in the opioid group.
3) The study concludes that opioid therapy was not superior to nonopioid medications for improving pain-related function over 12 months, and the results do not support initiating opioids for moderate to severe chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacokinetics
Introduction
With the information available about human genome and human proteome, it is now well understood that there are a lot of variations between individuals. These minor variations account for many differences like adverse drug reactions, which are responsible for many hospitalizations and casualties. The observed variable effect of drug is due to difference in sensitivity as some people need higher dose and some need lower dose to get similar therapeutic effect, but in some people drug has no therapeutic effects and in some it shows strong adverse reactions.
Comprehensive Psychosis in Geriatric Patient.pdf
1) Wesley Brown, a 63-year-old man, was brought to the emergency room exhibiting psychotic behavior such as paranoia and strange actions.
2) His medical workup found positive toxicology for benzodiazepines and tricyclic antidepressants. He had a history of medical issues but no prior psychiatric history.
3) He displayed symptoms of psychosis including delusions, paranoia about his wife, and impaired cognition. The psychiatry team was consulted to manage his condition.
Hanipsych, biomarkers in psychiatry
This document discusses the potential for genetic biomarkers to improve psychiatric treatment by predicting treatment response. It notes that while causes of psychiatric disorders are unclear, identifying genetic factors can help select the best treatments. Several studies are exploring candidate genes for conditions like depression. Ultimately, genetic testing may guide antidepressant selection in clinical practice, though social and ethical issues require consideration. Biomarkers could enhance psychiatry similarly to other fields by enabling personalized treatment.
Knowledge of Pharmacogenomics.pptx
1. The document discusses the concepts of pharmacogenomics and ayurgenomics. Pharmacogenomics examines how genetics affect individual responses to medications, while ayurgenomics studies the correlation between ayurvedic concepts like doshas and prakriti with the human genome.
2. Early studies found correlations between certain human leukocyte antigen gene variants and specific ayurvedic prakriti types. More recent research examined gene expression differences between kapha and pitta prakriti types in relation to high altitude adaptation.
3. Ayurgenomics offers a way to bridge traditional ayurvedic medicine and modern genetics by providing a scientific understanding of basic ayurvedic concepts and incorporating ayurved
Paper id 71201931
This study evaluated the drug utilization and rationality of antiepileptic drugs used to treat epilepsy patients at a tertiary care hospital in Dehradun, India. The study found that most epilepsy patients had generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Polytherapy was used more than monotherapy, with 2-drug combinations being most common. First generation antiepileptic drugs like phenytoin were prescribed more than second generation drugs. Phenytoin was the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drug. The majority of patients receiving polytherapy had a rational drug regimen.
Black cohoshposter draft 2 (1)
1) In vitro trials suggest black cohosh has an antagonistic effect on estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells but may improve bone metabolism by having agonist activity on osteoblast estrogen receptors. A study also found black cohosh extracts have affinity for the human μ opiate receptor in the brain which is linked to menopause symptoms.
2) Studies on black cohosh's efficacy in relieving menopausal symptoms have shown mixed results, with some demonstrating improvement compared to placebo but larger controlled trials are still needed. It is commonly used but safety data is limited and interactions should be monitored.
3) Black cohosh is generally well tolerated but can cause liver toxicity, gastrointestinal issues, headaches and hypot
Biomarkers in psychiatry
This document discusses the potential for using genetic biomarkers to improve treatment for psychiatric disorders. It notes that while the causes of psychiatric disorders are still unclear, identifying genetic markers that predict treatment response could help tailor medication selection. The document outlines several studies that have identified candidate genes associated with response to antidepressants and other psychotropic drugs. It acknowledges limitations but argues that further research in pharmacogenetics, using larger, more standardized studies, could help incorporate genetic testing into clinical practice to select safer, more effective treatments for individual patients.
Running Head GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT1GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT3.docx
Running Head: GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT 1
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT 3
GastroIntestinal Tract
Name
Institution
Course
Date
GastroIntestinal Disorders
Introduction
Normally, gastric acids are produced and stimulated so that the body can break down consumed foods and digest them easily. The major component of gastric juice is hydrochloric acid, which is produced by oxyntic cells. The secretion of these acids takes place in three phases namely: the cephalic phase, the gastric phase and the intestinal phase. The cephalic phase starts when someone has an urge to eat or smells food. The brain signals the parietal cells to secrete gastric acids and the ECL to secrete histamine. The gastric phase is when someone has eaten and the amino acids present in the food stimulates the production of these acids. The last phase is stimulated by the distention in the small intestines and the amino acids too and the secretion takes place when chime enters the small intestines (Testani et al., 1996).
Gastroesophageal Reflex Disease (GERD)
There are gastrointestinal orders that exist, such as Gastroesophageal Reflex Disease (GERD), Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) and Gastritis disorders. Patients suffering from GERD have a complex gastric acid secretion caused by frequent acid reflux. There are cases where HCL frequently flows back to the esophagus and when this happens, the lining of the esophagus becomes irritated. The age factor is visible in this disorder. Older people are more likely to experience this disease than young. However, symptoms are less visible in the elderly. The fact that there is no serious warning symptom of GERD among the elderly makes the disorder more complicated in them. GERD can be diagnosed by a probe test, upper endoscopy or x-ray of the upper digestive system. For the elderly, adequate doses of medication that do not harm the digestive system are effective. Medical therapeautic agents, including PPIs such as pantoprazole and Omeprazole, can also cure GERD.
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
PUD is caused by an imbalance between the secretion of gastric acid and duodenal mucous defence. When the balance between the two is disrupted, there is a consequence of mucousal injury and hence peptic ulcers. PUD among the elderly is associated by complications and when administering medication, special attention should be given to the elderly since they respond negatively to medications and surgery. PUD can be diagnosed by carrying out both physical and diagnostic tests (Okello, et. al, 2016) . Once it has been diagnosed, laboratory tests can then be undertaken such as breath tests, stool and blood tests. There are two main factors that contribute to the high rate of PUD among the elderly are the high rates of H. Pylori and prescription of drugs that increase damage in the gastroduodenal drugs. Elderly patients receive medical treatment of PUD
Gastritis Disorders
Gastritis disorders basically results from mucous injury that may have been caused by ...
Pharmacogenomics
Pharmacogenomics is the study of how an individual's genetic profile affects their response to medications. It aims to provide the right drug at the right dose for the right patient by understanding genetic factors. Current applications include testing for genetic variants before prescribing certain drugs to avoid bad reactions. Challenges include accounting for both genetic and environmental influences on drug responses and protecting patient privacy. As understanding and technologies improve, pharmacogenomics may help develop new drugs and reduce trial-and-error prescribing.
GWEP-Presentation-7-2020-v2.pptx
1. Older patients are often prescribed opioids, with approximately 9% of visits involving an opioid prescription and 9% of older patients taking opioids long-term for chronic pain. A growing number also have opioid use disorders.
2. Evidence for the effectiveness of long-term opioids for chronic pain is weak, and opioid use in older adults is associated with additional risks like cognitive decline and fractures.
3. Non-opioid options and screening tools are available to treat common pain sources safely in older patients. Reducing opioid prescriptions and offering treatment for opioid use disorders can help reduce patient harm.
paper 4
This study analyzed the prescription patterns of antihypertensive drugs prescribed to 137 patients in India to determine adherence to JNC 7 guidelines. The most frequently prescribed classes of drugs were diuretics, followed by calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs. Combination drug therapy was prescribed to 72% of patients, most commonly a combination of a calcium channel blocker and beta blocker. The prescription patterns were found to adhere to JNC 7 guidelines, which recommend diuretics as first-line treatment and combination therapy including a diuretic for stage 2 hypertension.
1. Pharmacogenomics.pptx
Pharmacogenomics leads to more personalized drug therapy by understanding how an individual's genetics affects their response to medications. Variations in genes can impact drug receptors, metabolism, and other factors. Understanding these genetic differences could allow doctors to prescribe safer and more effective medications at the right dose for each patient.
Main PostPharmacokinetics and PharmacodynamicsAs advance.docx
Main Post
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
As advanced practice nurses it is important that we understand pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics when caring for our patients. There are many factors to consider when prescribing medications because not one person is the same. Pharmacokinetics is the study of drug movement throughout the body, and has four basic processes: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (Rosenthal, 2021, p 13). Pharmacodynamics is the study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs on the body and the molecular mechanisms by which those effects are produced (Rosenthal, 2021, p 22). In my experience I can not pinpoint one specific scenario in which pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors altered an anticipated response to a drug but multiple scenarios.
I can think of things to consider when prescribing medications like their medical history, medications they take, whether prescribed or over the counter, compliance, genetics, age, race, and family history. Other things to consider is the patients liver function and renal function, which affect the drugs absorption and excretion rate. One class of drugs that comes to mind are chemotherapy medications. Not everyone has the same outcome with chemotherapeutic agents when treating cancers. Another class of medications are psychotropic medications, some psych medications work better for others and do not work at all for some. And one of the most common ailments hypertension, antihypertensive drugs that work for some and not others. Immunosuppressed, CHF, renal failure, liver failure patients and patients with multiple ailments on multiple medications, all have to be prescribed medications carefully because of possible polypharmacy and drug interactions. A-fib patients prescribed coumadin needing their PT/INR checked to make sure their coumadin is therapeutic, educating them not to eat green leafy vegetables or drink grapefruit juice.
A patient’s genetics may play a role in whether the medication prescribed is going to work or not. It became evident in the 60’s that therapeutic doses of psychotropic medications vary markedly from person to person, with some patients failing to respond despite treatment with high dosages (Lerer, 2004, p158). Among many factors that may influence the drug response, hepatic function, and drug metabolism ae of great importance for nearly all medications used in psychiatry and even more importantly patient compliance with medication use (Lerer, 2004, p158). The CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism was discovered in late 1970’s and represents one of the most intensively studied monogenic variations in drug metabolism, approx. 7% of Caucasians are poor metabolizers of CYP2D6 substrates while the rest are considered as extensive metabolizers (Lerer, 2004, p160). CYP2D6 enzyme has particular significance for clinical psychiatry as it is involved in clearance of many psychotropic drugs such as tricyclic, antidepressants, selective.
Opioid Abuse in Chronic Pain
This document summarizes the misconceptions around opioid use and addiction. It discusses how opioids work in the brain to produce both analgesia and euphoria through activation of mu-opioid receptors. Repeated use leads to tolerance and physical dependence, but addiction only occurs in a small percentage of patients and involves distinct molecular mechanisms. Common misconceptions include equating addiction, tolerance and physical dependence. The document advocates for strategies to minimize risks of diversion and abuse through abuse-deterrent formulations.
New pattern clinical study
New pattern clinical study of adverse drug reaction to ART may
lead to chase drug discovery in anti-retroviral drug towards zero
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Case # 29- The depressed man who thought he was out of options. .docx
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Poster: Psychotropic Medications in Eating Disorders
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Program Book_Opioid Crisis: Thinking Outside the Box
This document summarizes an upcoming public forum on the opioid crisis hosted by William James College. The forum will feature thought leaders discussing innovative harm reduction strategies, approaches to disparities in access to treatment, and prevention programs. Speakers include experts from various fields and government officials such as the Secretary of Health and Human Services. The goal is to gather experts to discuss combating the public health crisis of the opioid epidemic in Massachusetts.
Opioid Crisis: Thinking Outside the Box
This document announces a public forum on innovative strategies for addressing the opioid crisis. It will be held on April 5th in Boston from 8:30am to 12:30pm at the Back Bay Events Center. The forum, presented by William James College, will feature keynote speakers and a panel discussing harm reduction strategies, approaches to reducing racial and ethnic disparities in access to treatment, and new prevention and early intervention programs. Registration is required and there is a fee, though some groups can attend for free. The agenda is provided along with pictures and bios of speakers.
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Do Adolescents with Eating Disorders Ever Get Well?
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What If My Student Refuses Help
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What if my student gets upset
Dr. David Herzog gives advice to high school and college coaches: what to do if you think one of your students has an eating disorder.
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Dr. David Herzog offers coaching advice on how to speak to your students about eating disorders.
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Dr. David Herzog discusses his research on patterns of eating and weight disorders, during his initial research with Harvard Medical School sponsored studies.
Dr. David Herzog In The News
A list of all the mentions of Dr. David Herzog, internationally recognized authority on eating disorders, in the news.
Annual Public Forum Held to Address Eating Disorders
Dr. David Herzog, an authority in eating disorders at Harvard Medical School, holds an annual public forum to address issues around eating disorders and reduce their stigma. The 2010 forum focused on eating disorders in the fashion industry. Representatives from the Council of Fashion Designers of America and designers Michael Kors and Natalie Vodianova spoke about the industry's role and their personal experiences. Kors believes early exposure in modeling can lead to body insecurity and eating disorders, while Vodianova overcame anorexia through psychotherapy. The forum aimed to educate the public and implement guidelines to prevent eating disorders.
Preventing an Eating Disorder Relapse
Dr. David Herzog was the first endowed professor of psychiatry in eating disorders at Harvard Medical School and founded the Harvard Eating Disorders program. Recovery from an eating disorder is difficult and relapse can occur when under stress or during life transitions. Relapse prevention is addressed in treatment by creating an action plan to use if symptoms worsen that includes strategies like mood monitoring, scheduling, planned meals and snacks, identifying triggers, and talking to trusted individuals.
Defining Eating Disorders
Dr. David Herzog was a prominent expert on eating disorders who founded and directed the Harvard Eating Disorders Center. He played a leadership role in educating others about the early identification and treatment of eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are serious psychiatric conditions most often diagnosed in adolescents and young adults, especially females. Those with anorexia nervosa fear gaining weight and restrict food intake, while those with bulimia nervosa engage in binge eating followed by purging. The development of eating disorders is influenced by many factors including body dissatisfaction, dieting, genetics, and personal or family history of other conditions rather than one single cause.
Treating Eating Disorders
Dr. David Herzog is an internationally renowned expert on eating disorders. He was the first Endowed Professor of Psychiatry in the Field of Eating Disorders at Harvard Medical School and created the Harvard Eating Disorders Center. The two main eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, which involves semi-starvation, and bulimia nervosa, which is characterized by binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors. These disorders are most successfully treated when diagnosed early, before medical complications. Most treatment plans for anorexia and bulimia are multi-disciplinary due to the complex interplay of physiological and psychological problems seen in these disorders.
Press release for eating disorders what school professionals and parents need...
The Harris Center for Education and Advocacy in Eating Disorders at Massachusetts General Hospital will present a free program called "Eating Disorders: What School Professionals and Parents Need to Know" on October 14, 2010 at Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School in Washington D.C. The program led by Dr. David B. Herzog will educate attendees on recognizing the signs of eating disorders, understanding their seriousness, and knowing how to help someone in need. Registration is available online at the provided website.
Eating disorders flyer
This document announces a free event for school professionals and parents on recognizing and intervening in eating disorders. The event will be held on October 14, 2010 from 7-9pm at Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School in Washington DC. Attendees will learn how to identify high-risk behaviors and attitudes related to anorexia, bulimia, and other eating disorders in order to help students receive treatment early. The keynote speaker is Dr. David Herzog, founder and director of the Harris Center for Education and Advocacy in Eating Disorders at Massachusetts General Hospital.
Cfda health initiative seminar
The CFDA Health Initiative Seminar will take place on February 7th, 2011 from 3-5pm at the dna model management office in New York City. The seminar will feature renowned model Stella Tennant and Dr. David Herzog sharing their insights on health and wellness in the fashion industry as part of the CFDA Health Initiative Ambassador program. The CFDA formed the Health Initiative in 2007 to address concerns about unhealthy thinness among some models and to promote wellness.
Cfda health initiative guidelines
The CFDA formed a health initiative in 2007 to address concerns about unhealthily thin models and potential restrictions. They recognize that while some models are naturally thin, others develop eating disorders. The initiative aims to promote wellness through education on eating disorders, workshops, not hiring underage models for certain shows, providing breaks and healthy meals, and creating a smoke-free environment. The goal is awareness, education and safety rather than policing specific body sizes.
2012 harris center forum press release
The Harris Center at Massachusetts General Hospital will host its 15th Annual Public Forum on April 2nd at Harvard University's Memorial Church. The forum, titled "Health is Beauty: Defining Ourselves", will feature presentations by Arianna Huffington, Amber Valletta, and Franca Sozzani addressing topics related to eating disorders, self-image, and fashion. Attendance is free and open to the public, but online RSVP is required. A private pre-forum reception will also be held for sponsors and ticket holders.
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Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia
- 1. Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia By: Dr David Herzog
- 2. Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia The Use of Antidepressant and Atypical Antipsychotic Medications in the Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa
- 3. Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder characterized by extreme self-imposed weight loss and intense fear of gaining weight. It is critical to find effective treatment strategies for this illness because it is associated with a high risk of relapse and with a mortality rate approaching four to ten times that expected for individuals the same age in the general population. Antidepressants, particularly SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and antipsychotic medications are commonly prescribed in the treatment of anorexia nervosa; yet there is no conclusive evidence that individuals with anorexia benefit from these medications.
- 4. Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia In order to investigate changes in medication use, Dr. David Herzog – together with the researchers in the Massachusetts General Hospital Neuroendocrine Unit – analyzed data on 520 women with anorexia nervosa who presented for treatment over the course of a 13-year period. The participants were divided into two groups: Group I included those who presented between 1997 and 2002 (n=325), and Group II included those who presented between 2003 and 2009 (n=200). All subjects had a complete medical history and physical exam performed by a physician, physician’s assistant, or nurse practitioner. Data obtained included age of onset of anorexia nervosa, duration of the illness, and current medication use .
- 5. Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia Of the subjects examined, 53% reported current use of any psychotropic medication; 48.4% reported use of an antidepressant and 13% reported use of an antipsychotic . The use of antidepressants remained stable over the 13-year period, and the rate of atypical antipsychotic use doubled over this time period .
- 6. Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia These findings are worrisome because antidepressants and atypical antipsychotics have been not been shown to be efficacious in anorexia and because these medications have potential adverse effects. Women with anorexia are at risk for severe bone loss. Nearly 90% of women with this disorder have some degree of bone loss with 30% meeting criteria for osteoporosis. Both SSRIs and atypical antipsychotics may negatively impact bone health and increase fracture risk.
- 7. Scholarly Article Questions Psychotropic Medication Use for Anorexia Longer-term studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and benefit of these medications prior to their continued wide-spread use.