Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in perceiving reality such as auditory hallucinations, disorganized speech and thinking, and significant social dysfunction. It has been recognized for centuries in ancient cultures and was classified as a distinct disorder in 1887. Symptoms are divided into positive symptoms which distort normal functions like delusions and hallucinations, and negative symptoms which diminish normal functions such as reduced emotional expression. Causes include both genetic and environmental factors. Types of schizophrenia include paranoid, catatonic, residual, and schizoaffective disorder. Treatment involves medications which can have side effects as well as developing social skills and avoiding drug use and social isolation to help prevent the disorder.

1. SCHIZOPHRENIA Roberto Abarca Mero 6 fima “B”

2. SCHIZOPHRENIA It’s a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in the perception of reality.

3. Characteristics Auditory hallucinations Disorganized speech and thinking. Significant social dysfunction.

4. HISTORY.- The word "schizophrenia" is less than 100 years old. This disease has accompanied mankind through all of it’s history. most ancient cultures have described it through their literature.

5. HISTORY.- Dr. Emile Kraepelin classified Schizophrenia as a distinct mental disorder in 1887. Eugen Bleuler was the first to describe the symptoms as "positive" or "negative."

6. SYMPTOMS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA.- Symptoms are typically divided into positive and negative. Positive Symptoms are those that appear to reflect an excess or distortion of normal functions. Negative symptoms are those that appear to reflect a diminution or loss of normal functions.

7. Positive Symptoms Delusions.- They are distortions of sensations of reality that the patient has in some moment of his or her experience.

8. Positive Symptoms Hallucinations .- hallucinations are a complete product of a patient’s imagination. Usually patients hear strange voices , which could be obscene, frightening or insulting.

9. Positive Symptoms Disorganized speech/thinking .- Disorganized thinking is usually when the patient is unable to make coherent sentences or write anything with sense.

10. Positive Symptoms Grossly disorganized behavior.- It occurs when they start to lose control on most of their actions, such as the motive of performance of certain activity.

11. Positive Symptoms Catatonic Behaviors.- It’s when the patient becomes motionless and appears to have no life.

12. Positive Symptoms Other Symptoms.- These are the symptoms that are present in most patients, but not as much in order to be considered alone.

13. Negative symptoms Affective Flattening .- It’s when a patient has a significant reduction in his or her emotional expressions.

14. Negative symptoms Alogia.- It’s when the patient’s speech becomes very poor, having trouble to give a fluent and full answer.

15. Negative symptoms Avolition.- It’s the reduction of interest in any kind of activity, especially the ones that require interaction with other human beings.

16. CAUSES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA Genetic contribution. Environmental Contribution .-

17. TYPES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA.- Paranoid.- It’s the type of schizophrenia that’s characterized by a constant concerning of auditory hallucinations.

18. TYPES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA.- Catatonic .- It’s commonly know has catatonic the patients that show a profound alteration of motor functions.

19. TYPES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA.- Residual It’s the kind of schizophrenia that shows evidence of schizophrenic symptoms, but doesn’t have enough active symptoms to be classified in any of the other types.

20. TYPES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA.- Schizoaffective disorder.- It describes a condition where symptoms of a mood disorder and symptoms of schizophrenia are both present.

21. TREATMENT.- Treatment with medications Traditional Medicine Trifluoperazine (stelazine) Perphenazine.- Haloperidol (haldol).-

22. TREATMENT.- Newer Medicine .- Abilify (aripiprazole).- Clozaril (clozapine).-

23. TREATMENT.- Medication in Development.- Asenapine Bifeprunox Lamictal

24. TREATMENT.- Side effects of Medication .- Obesity.- Tardive Dyskinesia.-

25. POPULAR VIEWS AND MISCONCEPTIONS Normal versus Abnormal Violence

26. HOW TO PREVENT IT Ways to lower your risk .- Avoid use of drugs Develop social Skills Avoid social Isolation Learn to deal with stress

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