The document summarizes several major scams that occurred in India between 2012-2013, including: 1) The FTIL scam involving fake investor accounts and Rs. 4,500 crore; 2) A coal mining scam resulting in estimated losses of Rs. 185591.34 crore from coal blocks allocated without auction; 3) A railway bribery scam where the railway minister's nephew accepted a Rs. 90 lakh bribe. 4) Other scams involved tax disputes, bribery in helicopter contracts, siphoning of health funds, solar panel fraud, illegal mining, and misappropriation of land and property funds. Corruption was allegedly involved in many of these scams.