This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties of the aqueous extract of Solena amplexicaulis leaves in rats. Rats were injected with egg white to induce paw edema and treated with the extract, diclofenac sodium (standard drug), or saline (control). Paw volume was measured over 60 minutes. The extract significantly reduced paw edema compared to control, demonstrating anti-inflammatory effects comparable to diclofenac sodium. The extract likely inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators like histamine and prostaglandins. Therefore, the aqueous extract of S. amplexicaulis leaves has potent anti-inflammatory activity.

1. Vol. 2(4) Oct - Dec 2011 www.ijrpbsonline.com 1617
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701
__________________________________________Research Paper
Anti Inflammatory Activity of Aqueous Extract of
Leaves of Solena Amplexicaulis
Ch.Arun1, R.Satheesh Kumar1, S.Srinu1, G.Lal Babu1, G.Raghavendra Kumar1 J.Amos
Babu1
1 Department of pharmacology, A.M.Reddy Memorial College of pharmacy, Narsarao pet.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The objective of this present study is designed to evaluate its anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous
extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis by sub cutanias. Against fresh egg white induced inflammation on
Swiss albino rats.
Methods: solena amplexicaulis was investigated for activity in Swiss albino rats against Diclofenac sodium drug
(20mg/kg) as standard reference and normal saline as control by Randall and Baroth method. The time to
achieve reduction of inflammation in the rat paw was determined.
Results: The sub cutanias .administration of solena amplexicaulis exhibited significant anti-inflammatory
activity when compare with the Diclofenac sodium drug and normal saline.
CONCLUSION: The sub cutanias administration of aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis has anti-
inflammatory effect on Swiss albino rats.
Key words: aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis, Swiss albino rats, diclofenac sodium, fresh egg
white, pletysmograph.
INTRODUCTION
Inflammation, which is basically, a defense
phenomenon yet often leading to serious
pathological conditions, is treated by various agents
with good to moderate success because of both
considerable toxicity and side effects. There are
various components to an inflammatory reaction
that can contribute to the associated symptoms and
tissue injury1
. Edema formation, leukocyte
infiltration and granuloma formation represent such
components of inflammation. Although non
steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most
commonly prescribed drugs in world their use as
anti-inflammatory, anti pyretic, anti thrombotic and
analgesic agents continues to be principally limited
by their undesired side effects hence the traditional
medical practioners scientists are turning towards
medicinal plants and traditional system of
medicines such as siddha, Ayurveda, unani,
homeopathic medicines and formulations to
reduces the side effects and toxicity. Solena
amplexicaulis used to treat gonorrhea, dyspepsia,
asthma, constipation and spermatorrhea. The leaves
of solena amplexicaulis have good anti-
inflammatory activity. Hence it is recommended
for inflammation, skin lesions and skin diseases.
METHODS: Materials: Aqueous extract of leaves
of solena amplexicaulis
________________________________________
*Address for correspondence:
E-mail: sateesh.ragam@gmail.com
used as test drug. Diclofenac sodium drug Used as
reference standard and normal saline was used as
control.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY:
Fresh egg white induced paw edema:
The Swiss albino rats were divided into three
groups. Each consists of 4 animals, one group
served as negative control. The second group
served as positive control (received diclofenac
sodium). The third group served as test (received
aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis).
Edema was induced by administration of 0.75ml of
undiluted fresh egg white in the sub-plantar
region3
. The aqueous extract of leaves of solena
amplexicaulis and diclofenac sodium were applied
as sub cutanias administration. The paw volume
was measured at 0min.-60min. after the injection of
undiluted fresh egg white using
plethysmograph.Then percentage inhibition of
edema is calculated by using formula.
Percentage inhibition of edema = [(mean of control
– mean of test) / mean of control] *100
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
Solena amplexicaulis produced a potent anti-
inflammatory activity against the paw edema in
Swiss albino rats when compared with reference
standards the potency was found to be inversely
proportional to the time (table-1) taken for

2. Vol. 2(4) Oct - Dec 2011 www.ijrpbsonline.com 1618
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701
reduction in the paw volume. The inflammatory
response is a physiological characteristic of
vascular tissue. Increased permeability seen in the
inflammatory reaction leads to exudation of fluid
rich in plasma proteins, coagulation factors and
injured tissues with subsequent edema at the site5
.
Exudation which is a consequence of vascular
permeability is considered as major features of
acute inflammation6
. Histamine and other
mediators of inflammation increase vascular
permeability at various times after injury.
Chemically induced vascular permeability can
causes an immediate reaction and its inhibitions
suggests that the sub cutanias administration of test
aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis
may effectively suppress the exudative phase of
acute inflammation induced by undiluted fresh egg
white. The results also shows the effect of extracted
compound on edematous response to fresh egg
white induced paw edema, provoking an inhibitory
effect equal to that of standard.
CONCLUSION:-
Determination of anti-inflammatory activity is
based on plethysmographic measurement of edema
produced by sub planar injection of fresh egg white
in the hind paw of rat. The increase in edema in
animals treated with standard drug (diclofenac
sodium) and test extracted compound were
compared with increase in edema of untreated
control animals at constant intervals of 0,15,30,45
and 60 mins. Thus percentage inhibition of edema
at knows intervals in treated animals were used for
the purpose of calculating percent inhibition of
edema of control. The present study revealed that
the test extracted compound showed better anti-
inflammatory activity. The maximum activity was
observed during 45min. and 60min, and the results
are significant and are comparable to standard
diclofenac sodium. The anti-inflammatory activity
may be due to the inhibition of release of
histamine, serotonin and kinins in the first 60min.
after the injection of carrageenan, and this also
retarded the release of prostaglandin-like substance
in 30-60 min7
.,sowing anti-inflammatory potential
of test extracted compound. The above obtained
evidences for the anti-inflammatory study verify
the objective of the present study.
TABLE-1
S.NO. Body
weight
Treatment Drug/ml Paw values measure by mercury displacement method at
0 min 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min
Right left right Left right left right left right left
1. 75.0g
75.0g
75.0g
Control
Control
control
Saline
Saline
Saline
Mean
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
2. 75.0g
75.0g
75.0g
Standard
Standard
Standard
Diclofenac
Diclofenac
Diclofenac
Mean
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
3. 80.0g
80.0g
80.0g
Test
Test
Test
A
A
A
Mean
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
A =Aqueous extract of solena amplexicaulis
CACULATION:
FORMULA:
Percentage inhibition of edema = {(mean of control- mean of test)/mean of control} 100
Mean of control= 0.40+0.1
Mean of test= 0.30+0.04
% inhibition of edema = {0.4-0.3/0.4}100
= (0.1/4)100
=25%

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International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701
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