Intense efforts are underway to develop vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Many focus on the spike protein, which helps the virus infiltrate cells by binding the ACE2 receptor. Alternative strategies could block this receptor to prevent viral entry. Studies found SARS-CoV-2 uses ACE2 and TMPRSS2 for entry, and may use CD147 as an additional receptor. RNAscope probes target viral RNA to detect replication and localization in tissues, and can identify ACE2, TMPRSS2, and immune cell markers in infected samples.

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SARS-COV-2 detection by RNAscope
technology
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SARS-COV-2
Intense vaccine development efforts are currently underway, with many programs
focused on priming the immune system against a specific protein on the surface of
SARS-CoV-2, known as the spike protein. These protein projections protruding
from the surface of the virus give it a “crown-like” appearance and have been found
to help it to infiltrate human cells.
The receptor on human cells that the spike protein attaches to is called
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), with this attachment being facilitated by
the spike protein's furin activation site. The binding of SARS-CoV-2 to this receptor
is at least ten times stronger than that of other SARS viruses, which may be an
important factor influencing COVID-19 transmission rates. As an alternative to
vaccines that target the spike protein, scientists predict that other therapeutic
strategies could also be effective, such as temporarily blocking ACE2 in cells to
prevent the entry of the virus.
A German group found that SARS-CoV-2 uses the SARS-CoV receptor ACE2 for
entry and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming.
SARS-CoV can use the endosomal cysteine proteases cathepsin B and L (CatB/L)
for S protein priming in cell lines.
Another study reported that SARS-CoV-2 invaded host cells via a novel route of
CD147-spike protein (SP). SP bound to CD147, a receptor on the host cells,
thereby mediating the viral invasion.

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SOLUTION TO DETECT SARS-COV-2 REPLICATION AND
INFECTIVITY
• SARS-Cov-2 is a positive
sense single-stranded
RNA virus (+ssRNA virus);
• RNAscope probe
(Cat No. 845701)
targeting on virus
anti-sense sequence
helps to identify the
status of viral replication
and infectivity
• RNAscope Probe
(Cat No. 848561)
targeting on viral sense
sequence visualizes
SARS-CoV-2 virus
distribution with tissue
context information;
Genome replication of +ssRNA viruses
+ssRNA
+
-
Parental strand
Complementary strand
-
+ +ssRNA strand
Complementary strand
+
±ssRNA
(New)

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Suggested samples:
• FFPE or fresh frozen samples from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients or animal tissues
RNAscope® probes:
• Control probes: Positive control probe (such as PPIB); Negative control probe DapB
• Target probe 1: V-nCoV2019-S, Catalogue number: #848561
• Target probe 2: V-nCoV2019-S-sense, Catalogue number: #845701
✓ Probe information: 20zz;
✓ Targeting on 21631-23303 of NC_045512.2 (#848561); or 21631-23303 of the reverse compliment sequence of
NC_045512.2 (#845701)
✓ Species of Sample: Human, Mouse, Rat, Macaca, Bat, Ferret
RNAscope® Assay Kit
• RNAscope® 2.5 HD Reagent Kit-Brown (Cat: 322300)； RNAscope® 2.5 HD Reagent Kit-RED (Cat: 322350)
RNAscope assay products for SARS-CoV-2 detection

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RNAscope®探针:
• 对照探针 (阳性对照探针: 例如 PPIB；阴性对照探针: DapB)
• ACE2 探针：Hs-ACE2 ，货号: #848151
探针信息：20zz
探针设计靶序列： 307-1267 of NM_021804.3; 可检测种属：人 (Human)
• TMPRSS2探针：Hs-TMPRSS2 ，货号: #470341
探针信息：20zz
探针设计靶序列： 459-1552 of NM_001135099.1; 可检测种属：人 (Human)
• CD147探针：Hs-BSG ，货号: #472721
探针信息：20zz
探针设计靶序列： 717-1768 of NM_001728.3; 可检测种属：人 (Human)
RNAscope ® 检测试剂盒：
• RNAscope® 2.5 HD Reagent Kit-Brown； RNAscope® 2.5 HD Reagent Kit-RED or RNAscope® 2.5 duplex kit
RNAscope技术针对SARS-CoV-2 检测的相关产品

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WHAT RNASCOPE CAN DO FOR SARS-COV-2 STUDY
• 1. To visualize SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA distribution with tissue context
information;
• 2. To identify ACE2 mRNA level in infected tissues and cells;
• 3. To colocalize the immune cell infiltration in SARS-CoV-2 infected
tissues;
• 4. To explore the cytokines and chemokines distribution in SARS-CoV-2
infected tissues and cells;