psychology topic which explains the development stages in Erickson’s theory of psycho – social development. with a video. if show you the keywords and helps the person to understand the concept clearly. More over it help the teacher education to understand the human psychology................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq

1. Prepared By:
SARANYA C (21EDMA18)
M.Ed., (First Year)
Department of Education -Bharathiar University
Coimbatore - 641046

2. SUBMITTED TO
DR.S .ARULSAMY
M.Sc., M.Ed., M.Phil.(zoo)., M.Phil.(Edn).,
Ph.D., P.B.Ed.D.S.A..
Associate Professor of Education,
Department of Education,
Bharathiyar University,
Coimbatore- 641046

3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 To Understand the normal development over the entire
life span of human being.
 To gain the knowledge about Erickson’s period of
one’s development and linked them with
the eight stages of one’s Psycho – social development
covering one’s entire life span.

4. Stage of Psycho –
social
Development
Adolescence
(12 to 20
years)
+
1½ to 3
years
3 to 6
years
6 to 12
years
Early
Adulthood
(20 to 45 years)
Middle
Adulthood
(45 to 65 years)
Later Adulthood
(65 years
onwards)
Different Stage of Psycho – Social
Development
True
VS
Mistrust
Birth to 1½
years
Autonomy
VS
Shame &
Doubt
Initiative
VS
Guilty
Generativity
VS
Stagnation
Industry
VS
Inferiority
Identity
VS
Role
Confusion
Intimacy
VS
Isolation
Ego
integrity
VS
Despair

6. THE PERIOD OF
TRUST VS MISTRUST
( BIRTH TO1 ½
YEARS)
 In this period, the infant is
confronted with the crisis
termed trust vs mistrust.
 During this period the baby
completely depend on the
mother are caretaker for
satisfaction of its needs.

7. THE PERIOD OF
TRUST VS MISTRUST
( BIRTH TO1 ½ YEARS)
In this way the baby will
experience the safe,
protection, which provide
the baby to be secure or
insecure, a feeling of trust or
mistrust in the mother in the
surrounding.

8. THE PERIOD OF TRUST VS
MISTRUST
( BIRTH TO1 ½ YEARS)
The sense of trust and mistrust
with regards to the environment
gained in this way at this stage of
development may then be carried
over to the stage of developing
personality.

9. THE PERIOD OF
AUTONOMY VS SHAME &
DOUBT
( 1 ½ TO 3 YEARS)
In this stage the child develop motor of
physical skills and language ability.
the child needs proper safety measures
against the risks involved in activities like
walking, running, pulling, and handling
the objects.

10. Children who are denied
the opportunity to
develop a sense of
independence by over –
protection, harsh or
restrictive parents begin
to doubt their ability.

11. Autonomy means being your own
boss.
They tries to control their own body
by toilet training and their
environment, by always saying
“NO!!!!”.

12. Some times they do toilet in their
pants or yelled at by their
Parents, causing shame and doubt
in their abilities. If they learn
how to control ourselves in reasonable
ways, they are then able to face the
later challenges of life.

14. The important event is independence and
the important relationship is family.
More question will be asked.
Explore to the environment carelessly.
Physical and mental exploration is
encouraged or discouraged.
The Period of initiative and guilt
( 3to 6 years)

15.  Here the keyword in a child’s life
changes from “NO!” to “why?”.
 In this stage children want to understand
the world and they ask too many questions!!!
 If their initiative in questioning the world
is encouraged, then they will feel
comfortable with expressing their
curiosity throughout the rest of their life.

16. If we discourage them and
tell them to shut up, then
they will feel guilty about
their questioning and avoid
being inquisitive later.

17. The Period of industry VS
inferiority
( 6 to 12 years)
1. The important event is school and the
important relationships with teachers
friends and neighbourhood.
2. The child must learn to deal with new
skills and develop a sense of
achievement and accomplishment.

18. .
3. Failure to do so can create a sense of
inferiority,
failure and incompetence.
4. This is where most children begin
formal education (what we call school).
5. For the first time children are being
formally evaluated.

19.  If a child raises their hand in class and
answers a question correctly, then he / she
will feel industrious (Competent)
 If he / she tries to answer a question
stutters to get out the wrong answer, and
other students all start making fun oh his /
her speech impediment, then the child will
feel inferior.

20. The Period of industry VS inferiority
( 12 to 19 years)
 Age 12 to 20 (adolescent)
 The basic conflict is identity vs role
confusion.
 The important event is development of
peer relationship and the important
relationship are peers groups and
social influences.

21. 1. The teenagers must achieve a
sense of identity in occupation,
sex roles, politics, and religion.
2. In addition, they must resolve
their identity and direction.
3. Failure to make these
resolutions can lead to the
repression of aspects of the
individual for the sake of
others.

22.  In adolescence, Erikson believed that
a teenager’s main social need is to discover
his or her social identity.
 While searching for their identity, they may
try out different roles, like trying to fit into various
social groups, by experiencing with all illegal activities.
they should try to find stable sense of self now.

23. The Period of intimacy
VS isolation
( 20 to 45 years)
 The basic conflict in young adulthood is intimacy vs
isolation.
 The important event is parenting and the Important
relationships are lovers, friends and work connections.
 In this stage the individual must develop intimate
relationships through work and social life.

24.  Failure to make such connections can lead
to promiscuity, exclusivity and isolation.
 Their career efforts ( work, school or self
improvement) with the need to be in an
intimate relationship with another person.
 How much time should I send looking for
a relationship? What if I don’t find
anybody? What if I am all alone for the
rest of my life?

25. The Period of Generativity
VS Stagnation
( 45 to 65 years)
 The important event is parenting and the
important relationship are with children
and the community.
 This stage is based on the idea that each
adult must find the way to satisfy, support
and contribute to the next generation; it is
often thought of as giving back.

26.  Failure to resolve this stage can lead
to over extension or reject.
 We reach our mid 30’s to mid 50’s
we start to really examine our lives
and see if it is going the way we
planned it or did it take a drastic turn.
 This is where some people take
drastic steps and change in clothes or
cars we call this experience a mid life
crisis.

27. The Period of Ego – integrity
VS Despair
(65 years and beyond)
 The important event is reflection and
acceptance of the individual’s life.
 The individual is creating meaning
and purpose of one’s life and
reflecting on life achievements.

28. Therefore, essential to strike a
balance between the conflicting
needs of ego – integrity and
despair and to successfully resolve
the final crisis of one’s life
resulting in a well balanced
optimistic outlook for oneself.

31. Erickson’s stages of Psycho – Social development
covering entire life span of an individual is
represented in the following manner.
Infant
Trust vs Mistrust
Needs maximum comfort with
minimum uncertainty to trust
Himself / herself, others and the
environment.

32. Toddler
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
Works to master physical environment while maintaining self – esteem.

33. Pre schooler
Initiative vs guilt
Begins to initiate, not imitate,
Activities; develops conscience
and sexual difference.

34. School – Age Child
Industry vs Inferiority
Tries to develop a sense of self – worth by refining skills.

35. Adolescent
Identity vs Role Confusion
Tries integrating many roles (Child, sibling, student, athlete, worker) into a
self – image under role model and peer pressure.

36. Young Adult
Intimacy vs Isolation
Learns to make personal commitment to another as spouse, parent or partner.

37. Middle – Age Adult
Generativity vs Stagnation
Seeks satisfaction through productivity in career, family and civic interests.

38. Older Adult
Integrity vs Despair
Reviews life
accomplishments, deals with
loss and preparation for
death.