Sap abap tutorials

SAP ABAP Tutorial 1- Introduction to SAP-ERP and ABAP
TRAINER NAME: HARSHUL PHADKE EMAIL-
HARSHUL.PHADKE@GMAIL.COM
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Tutorial on SAP ABAP.
Hi Friends Before Starting this Tutorial on SAP ABAP. I would like to tell you something very basic about SAP. It’s a
very small introductory tutorial on SAP as an ERP and it’s importance.
Kindly take a note of points which I would like to cover in my tutorial.
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1.What is an ERP ?
2. What is SAP?
3. Examples of other ERP Systems in market.
4. How is SAP ERP different from other ERP Systems?
5. Modules in SAP ERP.
6. What is SAP R/3 ?
7. SAP Architecture.
8. Functions of Different Modules in SAP ? Other SAP Modules.
9. Current Developments taking place in SAP.
10. Where does ABAP fit in SAP?
11. What is ABAP/4 ?
12.What is backbone of SAP? What is backbone of ABAP?
1. What is an ERP?
E—Enterprise
R—Resource
P—Planning.
1. [E- Enterprise]: Enterprise is anything that holds business. Business holds Money. So Enterprise is
anything that holds money. Example of a simple enterprise –Media Houses (ZEE ENTERTAINMENT
TELEVISION,TV TODAY NETWORK,FACEBOOOK,TWITTER,NEWSPAPERS such as Economic Times etc.,
TATA Technologies, WIPRO, etc.)
2. [R-Resource]: For proper functioning of an Enterprise the main requirement is that it must have
Resources without which Enterprise could not work at all. [Eg-Print Media Requires PAPER to print news,
Similarly a big company has it’s business in several fields such as Purchasing , Sales, Marketing,
Manufacturing requires its related resources.]
3. [P-Planning]: Once we have all these resources their Optimum utilization must be ensured. For Example
in an Organization with various shift timings employees must get their PC’s allotted to them and the shift
timings must not collapse. This is done and managed by Planning.

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Enterprise Money
Resources Planning of Resource Utilization
2.What is SAP?
Systeme, Anwendungen, Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung (German: Systems, Applications & Products in
Data Processing;SAP AG) .
SAP has it’s own database to run it’s applications. That’s why it is faster as it does not require to store data in
external system environment as files.

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3.Examples of Other ERP Systems in the Market.
4..How is SAP ERP different from other ERP Systems ?
 SAP has very tight integration within the modules and similarly features such as scalability and
traceability are the strong features of SAP.
 SAP has a wide range of applications and features.
 SAP also has provision for customer specific module with the features as required by Customer.
 SAP has it’s own server and built-in database which makes transaction even faster.
 SAP has also launched it’s mobility application based on Cloud & HANA database.
5.Modules in SAP ERP ?
SAP started it’s market just by developing Reports in Sales for industries, but with passage of time it
entered other industry segment such as Production, Procurement, Finance, Controlling etc. and
developed them as it’s core modules thus SAP started with MM (Materials Management), PP (Production
Planning), Sales and Distribution (SD), FI (Finance) and (CO) Controlling as it’s core modules.
To manage the needs of all these functional modules SAP developed BASIS (Business Application
Software Integrated Solution) at the base of the ERP Systems.

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Modules in SAP
I. Functional Modules:
(i). Materials Management (MM) .
(ii) Production Planning (PP).
(iii) Sales & Distribution (SD)
(iv) Finance (FI).
(v) Controlling (CO).
II. Technical Modules :
(i). Business Application Software Integrated Solution (BASIS).
(ii). Advanced Business Application Program.(ABAP).
Other Modules
(i) Customer Relationship Management (CRM).
(ii) Industry Solutions for Utilities (ISU).
SAP Mobile Application
SAP FIORI (Mobility Application).
6..What is SAP R/3.
In SAP R stands for version. SAP R1 was the first version of SAP.
The following versions of SAP are explained below:
1. SAP R1: It was the first version of SAP where Presentation, Application and Database all the three
layers are on single system. But due to slow processing speed and increase in the quantity of data
there was urgent need to upgrade the system.
2. SAP R2: Due to urgent need to upgrade processing speed with increase in data SAP came with R2
version in which Presentation server is separate and Application and Database Layers are on single
box. (Presentation Server-One Box, Application & Database Server –Another Box).
3. SAP R3: Due to advancement in technology and even more increase in data there was urgent need
optimum memory utilization so that business does not get impact by slow processing speed. So SAP
came with R3 in which Presentation (One Box),Application (2nd Box) and Database (3rd Box) all the
three layers were on separate servers (commonly known as Boxes).

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7.SAP Architecture
Functional Modules
(Functional
Consultants)
Technical Modules
(ABAP’ers and BASIS Team)
BASIS
Fig 1.0
In the above figure all the functional modules are above the technical modules as Requirement is generated
from functional modules (functional side) and fulfilled by technical side. Database and Operating System are
at the base of the SAP Systems.
8. Functions of Different Modules in SAP:
SAP MM (Materials Management) :
MM SD FI CO
ABAP (Developers )
Database System (DB)
Operating Systems (OS)

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SAP SD (Sales and Distribution)
SAP PP (Production Planning):
SAP FI (Finance)
For Every Sales and Purchase Transaction money transaction is involved therefore FI module is always in the
involved with every transaction of Purchase or Sales.
SAP CO (Controlling)
This module is only implemented where the analysis of Profit is required by the company.

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Other SAP Modules :
1. CRM (Customer Relationship Management): This is a SAP module to maintain customer Record.
Customer Id, Service Type, Product Id, Purchase History, Customer Move in, Customer move out,
Customer contact details etc. are maintained in t
2. SRM (Supplier Relationship Management) : It’s similar to CRM the only difference is that instead of
Customer all the records of supplier are maintained here.
3. ISU (Industries Solutions for Utilities): This modules of SAP is specially designed for Utilities such as
Electricity Meters, Gas Meters, Hot Water Meters, etc. SAP customizes all the it’s services and
designs as per company standards in this module.
9.Current Developments Taking place in SAP.
SAP has come up with many new innovations in the market. Now a days it has complete focus on
Cloud Platform so that the data is globally available for access from anywhere and thus has also has
increased it’s capacity to hold data from few terabytes to several terabytes. Keeping these in mind it
came with:
1. SAP-FIORI.
2. SAP HANA.
3. SAP HADOOP. Etc.
10.Where does ABAP fits in the SAP.
ABAP stands for Advanced Business Application Program. So it’s program. Every program requires
language to function (similar to us). Thus ABAP is a programming language (middleware/interface) which
receives develops and transmits the information from Functional side to the database via BASIS platform.
At the base of database is the Operating Systems which is rarely touched by the application developers.
Fig 2.

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11. What is meant by ABAP/4 ?
/4 means 4th
generation language. 4th generation language is very close to English language and has
ability to interact with internet technology.(4GL, or "report generator language") An application specific
language one with built-in knowledge of an application domain, in the way that SQL has built-in
knowledge of the relational database domain.
The term was invented by Jim Martin to refer to non-procedural high level languages built around
database systems.
Fourth generation languages are close to natural language and were built with the concept that certain
applications could be generalised by adding limited programming ability to them.
When given a description of the data format and the report to
generate, a 4GL system produces COBOL (or other 3GL) code, that
actually reads and processes the data and formats the results.
Some examples of 4GL are: database query language e.g.SQL; Focus, Metafont, PostScript, S, IDL-
PV, WAVE, Gauss,Mathematica, and data-stream languages such as AVS, APE, Iris Explorer.
12.What is backbone of SAP ? What is backbone of ABAP?
SAP’s backbone is ABAP as ABAP is the SAP’s programming language to interact with database.
ABAP requires database tables to interact with functional module, all the functional data is stored in
tables, even when we create any customized program starting with “Y” or “Z” the program details and
description are stored in table TRESC, all the Messages are stored in table “T100”. All the transaction
codes of SAP are maintained in the table TSTC and TSTCT. Thus to generate any report we need table so
that we can get the stored available data. That’s why Database tables are the backbone of SAP.
In the Next Tutorials I will share the Data Dictionary create objects such as
1. Database Tables;
2. Views;
3. Type Group;
4. Data-Types (Structure, Data-Elements, Table Types);
5. Domain;
6. Search Help;
7. Lock Objects;
Enjoy SAP-ERP-ABAP

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