This SlideShare is about "Water Tariff in Apartment Communities" presented by Avinash Krishnamurthy of Biome Solutions during "The Water Workshop for Apartment Communities" conducted by ApartmentADDA on 25-Feb-2012.
The presentation begins about details on why water Tariffs are important in Apartment Complexes. Then it explains about the Production cost of water, Principles for Tariff setting, Demand Management and Waste water Management.
To get more details on water workshops check the link here
http://apartmentadda.com/blog/water-workshop-for-apartments-report/
John McHenry, Chief Scientist, Advanced Meteorological Systems, Baron Services - September 2016
UCAR Congressional Briefing
Commercial weather companies partner with research community and government agencies to develop and deploy critical weather intelligence with the goal of reducing harm to people and property. The newly deployed National Water Model has significant promise for reducing flood-related disaster risks.
This SlideShare is about "Water Tariff in Apartment Communities" presented by Avinash Krishnamurthy of Biome Solutions during "The Water Workshop for Apartment Communities" conducted by ApartmentADDA on 25-Feb-2012.
The presentation begins about details on why water Tariffs are important in Apartment Complexes. Then it explains about the Production cost of water, Principles for Tariff setting, Demand Management and Waste water Management.
To get more details on water workshops check the link here
http://apartmentadda.com/blog/water-workshop-for-apartments-report/
John McHenry, Chief Scientist, Advanced Meteorological Systems, Baron Services - September 2016
UCAR Congressional Briefing
Commercial weather companies partner with research community and government agencies to develop and deploy critical weather intelligence with the goal of reducing harm to people and property. The newly deployed National Water Model has significant promise for reducing flood-related disaster risks.
Presentation about Environmental Engineering Thingy (Simple WTP)Nyak Nisa Ul Khairani
English task about environmental engineering things, and my group choose a paper talked about simple WTP, this one titled, A Simple Portable Potable Water Treatment Plant in Rural Areas (Paper created by Ekwue, Dhanraj, and Birch).
A rainwater catchment presentation created by Jeremiah Kidd of San Isidro Permaculture for the residents of Charleston, WV to offer alternative water sources after the chemical spill into the Elk river and municipal water source.
Presentation about Environmental Engineering Thingy (Simple WTP)Nyak Nisa Ul Khairani
English task about environmental engineering things, and my group choose a paper talked about simple WTP, this one titled, A Simple Portable Potable Water Treatment Plant in Rural Areas (Paper created by Ekwue, Dhanraj, and Birch).
A rainwater catchment presentation created by Jeremiah Kidd of San Isidro Permaculture for the residents of Charleston, WV to offer alternative water sources after the chemical spill into the Elk river and municipal water source.
Kajian Buku III RPJMN 2015-2019 Nusa Tenggara TimurOswar Mungkasa
disampaikan oleh Kepala Bappeda Propinsi NTT pada Lokakarya Regional Penyusunan Background Study Buku III RPJMN 2015-2019 Pembangunan Berdimensi Kewilayahan: Nusa Tenggara- Maluku- Papua di Kuta, Bali 23 September 2013
Lokakarya Background Study Buku III RPJMN 2015-2019Oswar Mungkasa
disampaikan oleh Direktur Pengembangan Wilayah Bappenas pada Lokakarya Back Ground Study Penyusunan Buku III RPJMN 2015-2019: Pembangunan Berdimensi Kewilayahan. Regional Wilayah Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara di Kuta, Bali 23 September 2013
The People’s Water Board is a coalition of labor, social justice, and environmental organizations based in Detroit. They work together to confront: 1) devastating lack of access to water faced by tens of thousands of low-income people who have had their water shut off; 2) water pollution due to aging wastewater infrastructure; and 3) the effort of corporate interests to gain control of Detroit’s water system. Listen to this panel discussion to learn about their struggles and victories.
Engineering A Global Movement In Social Responsibility Ver3Jeffrey Mills
An interactive session with a high school students (10-12th graders) discussing the challenges of providing clean potable water and sanitation services to the world’s growing population. Delivered in April 2010 at 36th annual NSBE National Convention in Toronto, CA.
New England Water Treatment Training (NEWTT): Presentation by Robert S. Rak, Principal Investigator, Professor and Environmental Science and Technology Coordinator, Bristol Community College, Fall River, MA
Flier announcing a free well water testing program in rural Washington County, PA for the purpose of testing wells both near and not near Marcellus Shale drilling, to see if nearby drilling has led to the migration of methane into water wells. Sponsored by the Washington County Watershed Alliance and Southwest PA Environmental Health Project.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
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Santa Clara Presentation
1. Rotary Club of Glen Burnie, MDRotary Club of San Miguel El Chapparistique Engineers Without Borders – Washington DCGeorge Washington University – Public Health Santa Clara, El Salvador - Water Distribution & Public Health Project
3. Santa Clara, El Salvador Santa Clara (pop. 3,165) is a rural community within the municipality of San Rafael Oriente (pop. 16,929), in the Eastern region of San Miguel Local Organizations: Associacion de DesarrolloComunitario (ADESCO) AsociacionNacionalpara la Defensa, Desarrollo y Distribucion del Agua a Nivel Rural (ANDAR) Peace Corps
4. Background & Objectives Background: The people of Santa Clara suffer many hardships, as the majority live in suboptimal conditions without adequate housing, education, or an improved water source and the community’s residents are burdened with a high incidence of water-related illness. Households contract local drilling companies to construct raw water wells. Most wells access the same shallow aquifer contaminated by community pit latrines. The contamination of wells has been confirmed through bacteriological testing of samples throughout the community that were positive for excessive levels of fecal coliform bacteria. High rate of morbidity associated with water-borne pathogens and related illnesses. Desire: - Clean water for the Santa Clara community: Households 260 (Expandable to 400). - Current expressed community preference for piped water delivery to each individual household. - The community has already located a preferred; semi-remote well from which to extract the raw water for their system.
5. The project has a comprehensive approach to preventing illness by improving water supply and key hygiene behaviors, especially ensuring safe household drinking water and food, proper personal and domestic hygiene, and effective use of sanitation.
6. Water Collection - Today Carry water in large containers Use of horsepower to draw buckets from well Transport water with wagons
17. Potable Water System Schematic Ground Storage Tank Tank Storage: 100 m3 (25,000 Gallons) Tank Diameter: 6.8m (22’-4”) Tank Height: 3.9m (12’-10”) Chlorine Tablet Feeder Desired Chlorine Residual: 0.5 – 0.8 mg/L Tablet Feeder Design 4” PVC Well Fill Line Grade at well = 200m Distribution System Number of Homes: 260 Gallons per home per day: 160 Maximum Pipe Diameter: 6” Minimum Pipe Diameter: 2” Maximum Pressure: 80 psi Minimum Pressure: 20 psi Control System and VFD Minimum Pressure: 1psi Maximum Pressure: 100 psi Well and Pump Well Casing Diameter: 8” Design Point: 95 gpm @ 425ft
37. Sustainability ANDAR provides ongoing community trainings: Operation & Maintenance Administration, like transparent bookkeeping, end of year income/expense reports & development of user fees General and state laws governing potable water systems Protection and conservation of the water source Empowerment-to encourage leadership as owners of the system Management of the Water Board (ADESCO), including participatory, democratic decision-making, roles of leadership
41. Health Promotion/Education Program Health Educators Complement ongoing health education & promotion efforts Enhance local capacities for sustainable program Enhance health impact of water system
42. Health Promoters Household visits School hygiene Materials Assistance Role models/leaders Community mobilization (dengue, & trash clean-up) Upcoming: Water Management Education
46. Still some work to be done… Water quality/quantity Water storage/handling Grey water disposal Child hygiene/care Open defecation of children Trash disposal Proximity of domesticated animals to homes
Promoters and the InterventionCommunity members consider the issues of hygiene and sanitation to be both household and community matters; consequently, the program has been designed to address these issues on both levels. The promoters have three major functions: 1) hygiene promotion and education; 2) demonstrations/assistance to achieve proper hygiene practices; and 3) evaluating the intervention. Their efforts focus on building necessary knowledge and skills to adopt and maintain proper hygiene practices; they also serve as role models of these practices. In addition, through community-based participatory research methods, the promoters collect data for evaluating the inputs and outcomes of the program. Training of PromotersThe promoters were recruited from Santa Clara based on certain characteristics, such as leadership skills, minimum literacy and educational requirements, permanent residence in Santa Clara, and long-term interest in the program goals. Nineteen applicants applied for the positions and the final candidates were selected by community vote. Thepromoters received an initial 5-day training by the GWU/EWB/Santa Clara team, and receive follow-up trainings from the MOH and PCV on a regular basis. They were trained with skills in the areas of: leadership, communication and hygiene promotion, time management, problem solving, participatory learning, and data collection/instrumentation. A training manual was created and translated by the GWU team, Ms. Putzer and Ms. Jurado (available upon request).
99% HP had visited home 2x in past month50% had participated in activity past mo. 88% receive hygiene info from HPs (p<0.001)Treating water (0.007); safe food prep (p<0.001); adequate trash disposal (p<0.001)Nearly all (96%) of respondents reported being visited by a health promoter at least one in the past month, compared to only 61.9% at baseline, and the number of persons who reported participating in at least one activity in the previous month increased significantly between baseline and follow-up. More respondents reported receiving information about personal/domestic hygiene specifically from health promoters compared to baseline. Respondents were more likely at follow-up than at baseline to indicate that they had received information from promoters on the following hygiene topics: drinking clean water, treating water, preparing foods safely, and disposing trash adequately.
Latrine cleaningSweep floor (p=0.001); clean seat/lid with disinfectant (p=0.041; p<0.001); To ensure food safetyWash hands before preparing food (p=0.029); wash foods completely (p<0.001) Diarrhea treatmentGiven more to drink (p=0.022); given ORS (p=0.002)