This SlideShare is about "Water Tariff in Apartment Communities" presented by Avinash Krishnamurthy of Biome Solutions during "The Water Workshop for Apartment Communities" conducted by ApartmentADDA on 25-Feb-2012.
The presentation begins about details on why water Tariffs are important in Apartment Complexes. Then it explains about the Production cost of water, Principles for Tariff setting, Demand Management and Waste water Management.
To get more details on water workshops check the link here
http://apartmentadda.com/blog/water-workshop-for-apartments-report/
The document summarizes a study on the impact of post-construction support on drinking water systems in El Salvador. It finds that communities receiving technical assistance through circuit rider models had less contaminated water and more sustainable water systems compared to control communities without support. The circuit rider model involves monthly technician visits, operator training, and financial support. It costs less than $1 per household served per year and could be adapted to other areas.
The students at IES Comarcal high school conducted a survey of water usage to determine if their school is waterwise. They measured water used in taps, toilets, and green areas. For green areas, they found the school has more exotic plant species than native ones and uses a drip irrigation system, but it is not used properly. They also found leaks in the irrigation system. For taps and toilets, water flow was adequate but no posters encourage water conservation. The students calculated average annual water usage per person and concluded the school generally uses appropriate water measures but could improve by repairing leaks, using the irrigation system, and adding conservation posters.
The document recommends a stack feed chlorinator as the most viable option for chlorinating the drinking water in San Pedro de Casta, Peru based on lab experiments and a decision matrix. A stack feed chlorinator uses standard chlorine solutions, requires minimal maintenance, and is not dependent on electricity or influent flows. It obtained the highest total score in the decision matrix compared to solar power and drip chlorinator alternatives. The stack feed chlorinator design specifications are provided to serve the village's population of 1,200 people using locally available materials and minimal operation and maintenance resources.
Charles River Watershed Assoc: Rain Garden Fact SheetSotirakou964
Rain gardens are landscaped areas that collect and filter stormwater runoff. Vegetation and layers of soil and mulch filter out pollutants as stormwater infiltrates. Properly designed rain gardens can effectively remove many pollutants like bacteria, nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals. Rain gardens reduce stormwater runoff volumes while beautifying landscapes and providing wildlife habitat. Installation costs $10-$12 per square foot but rain gardens provide both environmental and aesthetic benefits compared to traditional stormwater management.
John McHenry, Chief Scientist, Advanced Meteorological Systems, Baron Services - September 2016
UCAR Congressional Briefing
Commercial weather companies partner with research community and government agencies to develop and deploy critical weather intelligence with the goal of reducing harm to people and property. The newly deployed National Water Model has significant promise for reducing flood-related disaster risks.
The document provides design recommendations for improving grey water systems in San Miguel Suchixtepec, Mexico. It summarizes that the original systems installed in 38 homes are not being properly maintained, with only 8-10 still functioning after a year. The recommendations aim to create a more robust and easily maintained system using local materials. Key recommendations include:
1. Adding a colander or strainer to the sink to filter out large particles before grey water passes through the system.
2. Increasing the grease trap capacity to 90L to accommodate typical water usage flows, and adding flexible pipes and a baffle lid for easier cleaning and maintenance.
3. Replacing the current multi-media vertical filter with an
This SlideShare is about "Water Tariff in Apartment Communities" presented by Avinash Krishnamurthy of Biome Solutions during "The Water Workshop for Apartment Communities" conducted by ApartmentADDA on 25-Feb-2012.
The presentation begins about details on why water Tariffs are important in Apartment Complexes. Then it explains about the Production cost of water, Principles for Tariff setting, Demand Management and Waste water Management.
To get more details on water workshops check the link here
http://apartmentadda.com/blog/water-workshop-for-apartments-report/
The document summarizes a study on the impact of post-construction support on drinking water systems in El Salvador. It finds that communities receiving technical assistance through circuit rider models had less contaminated water and more sustainable water systems compared to control communities without support. The circuit rider model involves monthly technician visits, operator training, and financial support. It costs less than $1 per household served per year and could be adapted to other areas.
The students at IES Comarcal high school conducted a survey of water usage to determine if their school is waterwise. They measured water used in taps, toilets, and green areas. For green areas, they found the school has more exotic plant species than native ones and uses a drip irrigation system, but it is not used properly. They also found leaks in the irrigation system. For taps and toilets, water flow was adequate but no posters encourage water conservation. The students calculated average annual water usage per person and concluded the school generally uses appropriate water measures but could improve by repairing leaks, using the irrigation system, and adding conservation posters.
The document recommends a stack feed chlorinator as the most viable option for chlorinating the drinking water in San Pedro de Casta, Peru based on lab experiments and a decision matrix. A stack feed chlorinator uses standard chlorine solutions, requires minimal maintenance, and is not dependent on electricity or influent flows. It obtained the highest total score in the decision matrix compared to solar power and drip chlorinator alternatives. The stack feed chlorinator design specifications are provided to serve the village's population of 1,200 people using locally available materials and minimal operation and maintenance resources.
Charles River Watershed Assoc: Rain Garden Fact SheetSotirakou964
Rain gardens are landscaped areas that collect and filter stormwater runoff. Vegetation and layers of soil and mulch filter out pollutants as stormwater infiltrates. Properly designed rain gardens can effectively remove many pollutants like bacteria, nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals. Rain gardens reduce stormwater runoff volumes while beautifying landscapes and providing wildlife habitat. Installation costs $10-$12 per square foot but rain gardens provide both environmental and aesthetic benefits compared to traditional stormwater management.
John McHenry, Chief Scientist, Advanced Meteorological Systems, Baron Services - September 2016
UCAR Congressional Briefing
Commercial weather companies partner with research community and government agencies to develop and deploy critical weather intelligence with the goal of reducing harm to people and property. The newly deployed National Water Model has significant promise for reducing flood-related disaster risks.
The document provides design recommendations for improving grey water systems in San Miguel Suchixtepec, Mexico. It summarizes that the original systems installed in 38 homes are not being properly maintained, with only 8-10 still functioning after a year. The recommendations aim to create a more robust and easily maintained system using local materials. Key recommendations include:
1. Adding a colander or strainer to the sink to filter out large particles before grey water passes through the system.
2. Increasing the grease trap capacity to 90L to accommodate typical water usage flows, and adding flexible pipes and a baffle lid for easier cleaning and maintenance.
3. Replacing the current multi-media vertical filter with an
Presentation about Environmental Engineering Thingy (Simple WTP)Nyak Nisa Ul Khairani
English task about environmental engineering things, and my group choose a paper talked about simple WTP, this one titled, A Simple Portable Potable Water Treatment Plant in Rural Areas (Paper created by Ekwue, Dhanraj, and Birch).
This document provides information on collecting, storing, and treating rainwater. It discusses the benefits of rainwater harvesting such as being a primary water source, recharging aquifers, and providing water security. Various components of a rainwater harvesting system are described, including collection surfaces, conveyance methods, first flush diverters, storage containers, and pumping systems. Methods for calculating rainfall catchment and storage sizes are presented. Basic maintenance and treatment options like chlorination and filtration are also covered. The overall document serves as a guide for setting up a rainwater harvesting system.
The Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County have a long history of water reuse and operate 11 wastewater treatment plants that treat over 500 million gallons per day of wastewater. Approximately 200 million gallons per day of treated water is recycled for reuse purposes, with the number of reuse sites increasing. Challenges for recycled water distribution include the high cost of infrastructure and balancing daily and seasonal supply and demand.
The document discusses rainwater harvesting systems that have been successfully implemented in remote bush villages in Vanuatu to provide daily water supplies. It notes that over 1 billion people lack access to basic water and several billion lack adequate sanitation. The systems constructed in Vanuatu villages use local materials and human power to collect and store rainwater and spring water at low cost and in a maintainable way. Photos show examples of 12-ton and 7-ton rainwater harvesting systems as well as spring water collection and ram pumps implemented in the villages.
Drought, water-wise gardens and saving water in landscapes - University of Ca...Fabienne22Q
This document discusses various strategies for saving water in landscapes, including grouping plants with similar water needs together, tuning up irrigation systems, monitoring soil moisture, mulching bare soils, paying attention to seasonal water needs, and using native and drought-tolerant plants appropriately. While homeowners' water use is a small percentage statewide, conserving water can still lower water bills and promote healthier landscapes. The key is understanding each landscape's unique water requirements and monitoring use.
This document discusses the crisis of water availability for agriculture due to global warming's impact on water resources and the challenge of feeding a growing population with irrigated agriculture. It presents opportunities to address this crisis through improved water management technologies and techniques that allow farmers to use water more efficiently. These include improved irrigation scheduling, regulated deficit irrigation, and remote sensing technologies to better measure and manage water use. Implementing these opportunities could help ensure adequate water resources for food production despite the threats posed by climate change.
Conceptual Evolution of Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) Concepts - Sarah ...Sarah Black
This document discusses the conceptual evolution of water sensitive urban design (WSUD) concepts. It outlines how urbanization and climate change are disrupting the water cycle and increasing risks like flooding. WSUD aims to harvest and treat stormwater through techniques like constructed wetlands and sand filters. The benefits of WSUD include collecting stormwater runoff for reuse, encouraging multi-disciplinary collaboration, and improving urban livability. The future of WSUD involves overcoming challenges from climate change and implementing more advanced concepts and technologies to treat stormwater to potable standards.
Big Valley Rancheria - Adoption of Demand Side Management for Water Conservat...JOHN W. GICHUKI (PhD)
This document discusses Big Valley Rancheria's adoption of demand side management strategies for water conservation. It outlines the Rancheria's implementation of an increasing block rate structure to encourage conservation and retrofitting of homes with ultra high efficiency toilets. Through these efforts, the Rancheria reported over 500,000 gallons of water conserved and nearly $24,000 in operating cost savings in one year. The document provides details on the tribe's water system and partnerships that supported their water efficiency programs.
Urban Water Quality Issues Rainwater HarvestingMaster Gardener Specialist Tr...nacaa
This document discusses rainwater harvesting training for master gardeners in Texas. It outlines issues around water supply and quality in the state. It describes a training program for master gardeners to become specialists in rainwater harvesting. The training includes lectures, demonstrations, and developing rainwater harvesting demonstrations for the public. The program has trained over 190 master gardeners across 6 counties.
This document proposes solutions to provide safe drinking water and proper sanitation facilities in India. It notes that half of India's population lacks access to toilets and over 75 million people in rural India lack access to sanitation. Solutions proposed include collecting rainwater through rooftop harvesting, purifying the water through sand filtration before storage and distribution, ensuring access through door-to-door delivery or public access points, and managing distribution through decentralized local management and profit-sharing with private operators. Diagrams illustrate the rainwater collection and purification process.
The document discusses key principles of water sensitive urban design including protecting natural waterways, integrating storm water treatment into landscapes, reducing runoff and peak flows, and protecting water quality. It provides statistics on household water consumption and savings from water efficient appliances. Recommendations are given for water efficient toilets, showerheads, faucets, and other fixtures that can save significant amounts of water and energy. Case studies and initiatives from the EPA and state environmental agencies on water conservation planning and pollution prevention are also summarized.
The document discusses water sensitive urban design (WSUD) which aims to minimize the hydrological and water quality impacts of urban development through an integrated approach. It describes some key principles of WSUD including protecting natural water systems, integrating stormwater treatment into the landscape, protecting water quality, and reducing runoff and peak flows. It provides examples of WSUD practices such as bioretention systems, wetlands, and detention ponds that can achieve these goals.
This document summarizes water management interventions in Mewat region of India by the Institute of Rural Research and Development (IRRAD). IRRAD implemented a "ridge to valley" approach including rainwater harvesting structures, wastewater management, and community involvement. These interventions led to increased groundwater levels, improved water quality, reduced women's workload, and more water availability. IRRAD used innovative and low-cost technologies, water literacy campaigns, and community radio to promote adoption and raise awareness.
This document proposes a network for improving solid waste management in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It begins with background on the city and current waste issues. Key points include rapidly growing population generating large amounts of waste, lack of effective collection and disposal systems, and environmental pollution. The proposed system aims to reduce waste, improve collection, and establish transfer stations and disposal sites. It provides data on waste generation by district, composition analysis, and selection criteria for collection points, transfer stations, and disposal sites. Frequency of waste collection from sources and recommended storage containers are also outlined. The network seeks to develop a sustainable 10-year waste management system and mitigate solid waste pollution problems in the city.
The document summarizes a water distribution and public health project in Santa Clara, El Salvador led by various organizations. It describes installing a potable water system for 260 households including a well, pump, storage tank, chlorine system, and distribution pipes. It also discusses a public health program to educate residents on hygiene, sanitation, and water safety. An assessment found the program improved residents' knowledge and adoption of healthy practices but that some issues around water quality, storage, and sanitation remained. The project aimed to provide a sustainable clean water source and empower the community to independently operate and maintain their new water system.
The document presents the Rural Sanitation Model and Strategy (R-SMS) for Ghana. It notes poor sanitation costs Ghana's economy significantly each year and that most Ghanaians still practice open defecation or use unimproved latrines. The R-SMS aims to build capacity, create demand, and ensure supply of sanitation infrastructure and behaviors to help Ghana achieve its Millennium Development Goals for sanitation access. It proposes pillars of enabling the environment through advocacy, building capacity through training, creating demand through community-led approaches, and ensuring supply of affordable technologies. Key actions include training community facilitators, using formative research to understand demand, commercializing latrine marketing, and monitoring progress toward indicators like
The document summarizes efforts by Bharti Foundation and Satya Bharti School in Kalipahari village, Rajasthan to address the issue of female illiteracy in the community. Students and teachers organized awareness campaigns including rallies, street plays, and small group education sessions to teach women how to write their names. Over 40 women learned to write their names in Hindi as a result. The community now better understands the importance of education and wants their children, especially girls, to be educated. Teachers and students gained new skills and confidence in addressing community issues. They plan continued monitoring and support to help sustain literacy progress.
The document summarizes a water distribution and public health project in Santa Clara, El Salvador led by various organizations. It describes installing a potable water system for 260 households including a well, pump, storage tank, chlorine system, and distribution pipes. It also discusses a public health program to educate residents on hygiene, sanitation, and water safety. An assessment found the program improved residents' knowledge and adoption of healthy practices but that some issues around water quality, storage, and sanitation remained. The project aimed to provide a sustainable clean water source and empower the community to independently operate and maintain their new water system.
Presentation about Environmental Engineering Thingy (Simple WTP)Nyak Nisa Ul Khairani
English task about environmental engineering things, and my group choose a paper talked about simple WTP, this one titled, A Simple Portable Potable Water Treatment Plant in Rural Areas (Paper created by Ekwue, Dhanraj, and Birch).
This document provides information on collecting, storing, and treating rainwater. It discusses the benefits of rainwater harvesting such as being a primary water source, recharging aquifers, and providing water security. Various components of a rainwater harvesting system are described, including collection surfaces, conveyance methods, first flush diverters, storage containers, and pumping systems. Methods for calculating rainfall catchment and storage sizes are presented. Basic maintenance and treatment options like chlorination and filtration are also covered. The overall document serves as a guide for setting up a rainwater harvesting system.
The Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County have a long history of water reuse and operate 11 wastewater treatment plants that treat over 500 million gallons per day of wastewater. Approximately 200 million gallons per day of treated water is recycled for reuse purposes, with the number of reuse sites increasing. Challenges for recycled water distribution include the high cost of infrastructure and balancing daily and seasonal supply and demand.
The document discusses rainwater harvesting systems that have been successfully implemented in remote bush villages in Vanuatu to provide daily water supplies. It notes that over 1 billion people lack access to basic water and several billion lack adequate sanitation. The systems constructed in Vanuatu villages use local materials and human power to collect and store rainwater and spring water at low cost and in a maintainable way. Photos show examples of 12-ton and 7-ton rainwater harvesting systems as well as spring water collection and ram pumps implemented in the villages.
Drought, water-wise gardens and saving water in landscapes - University of Ca...Fabienne22Q
This document discusses various strategies for saving water in landscapes, including grouping plants with similar water needs together, tuning up irrigation systems, monitoring soil moisture, mulching bare soils, paying attention to seasonal water needs, and using native and drought-tolerant plants appropriately. While homeowners' water use is a small percentage statewide, conserving water can still lower water bills and promote healthier landscapes. The key is understanding each landscape's unique water requirements and monitoring use.
This document discusses the crisis of water availability for agriculture due to global warming's impact on water resources and the challenge of feeding a growing population with irrigated agriculture. It presents opportunities to address this crisis through improved water management technologies and techniques that allow farmers to use water more efficiently. These include improved irrigation scheduling, regulated deficit irrigation, and remote sensing technologies to better measure and manage water use. Implementing these opportunities could help ensure adequate water resources for food production despite the threats posed by climate change.
Conceptual Evolution of Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) Concepts - Sarah ...Sarah Black
This document discusses the conceptual evolution of water sensitive urban design (WSUD) concepts. It outlines how urbanization and climate change are disrupting the water cycle and increasing risks like flooding. WSUD aims to harvest and treat stormwater through techniques like constructed wetlands and sand filters. The benefits of WSUD include collecting stormwater runoff for reuse, encouraging multi-disciplinary collaboration, and improving urban livability. The future of WSUD involves overcoming challenges from climate change and implementing more advanced concepts and technologies to treat stormwater to potable standards.
Big Valley Rancheria - Adoption of Demand Side Management for Water Conservat...JOHN W. GICHUKI (PhD)
This document discusses Big Valley Rancheria's adoption of demand side management strategies for water conservation. It outlines the Rancheria's implementation of an increasing block rate structure to encourage conservation and retrofitting of homes with ultra high efficiency toilets. Through these efforts, the Rancheria reported over 500,000 gallons of water conserved and nearly $24,000 in operating cost savings in one year. The document provides details on the tribe's water system and partnerships that supported their water efficiency programs.
Urban Water Quality Issues Rainwater HarvestingMaster Gardener Specialist Tr...nacaa
This document discusses rainwater harvesting training for master gardeners in Texas. It outlines issues around water supply and quality in the state. It describes a training program for master gardeners to become specialists in rainwater harvesting. The training includes lectures, demonstrations, and developing rainwater harvesting demonstrations for the public. The program has trained over 190 master gardeners across 6 counties.
This document proposes solutions to provide safe drinking water and proper sanitation facilities in India. It notes that half of India's population lacks access to toilets and over 75 million people in rural India lack access to sanitation. Solutions proposed include collecting rainwater through rooftop harvesting, purifying the water through sand filtration before storage and distribution, ensuring access through door-to-door delivery or public access points, and managing distribution through decentralized local management and profit-sharing with private operators. Diagrams illustrate the rainwater collection and purification process.
The document discusses key principles of water sensitive urban design including protecting natural waterways, integrating storm water treatment into landscapes, reducing runoff and peak flows, and protecting water quality. It provides statistics on household water consumption and savings from water efficient appliances. Recommendations are given for water efficient toilets, showerheads, faucets, and other fixtures that can save significant amounts of water and energy. Case studies and initiatives from the EPA and state environmental agencies on water conservation planning and pollution prevention are also summarized.
The document discusses water sensitive urban design (WSUD) which aims to minimize the hydrological and water quality impacts of urban development through an integrated approach. It describes some key principles of WSUD including protecting natural water systems, integrating stormwater treatment into the landscape, protecting water quality, and reducing runoff and peak flows. It provides examples of WSUD practices such as bioretention systems, wetlands, and detention ponds that can achieve these goals.
This document summarizes water management interventions in Mewat region of India by the Institute of Rural Research and Development (IRRAD). IRRAD implemented a "ridge to valley" approach including rainwater harvesting structures, wastewater management, and community involvement. These interventions led to increased groundwater levels, improved water quality, reduced women's workload, and more water availability. IRRAD used innovative and low-cost technologies, water literacy campaigns, and community radio to promote adoption and raise awareness.
This document proposes a network for improving solid waste management in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It begins with background on the city and current waste issues. Key points include rapidly growing population generating large amounts of waste, lack of effective collection and disposal systems, and environmental pollution. The proposed system aims to reduce waste, improve collection, and establish transfer stations and disposal sites. It provides data on waste generation by district, composition analysis, and selection criteria for collection points, transfer stations, and disposal sites. Frequency of waste collection from sources and recommended storage containers are also outlined. The network seeks to develop a sustainable 10-year waste management system and mitigate solid waste pollution problems in the city.
The document summarizes a water distribution and public health project in Santa Clara, El Salvador led by various organizations. It describes installing a potable water system for 260 households including a well, pump, storage tank, chlorine system, and distribution pipes. It also discusses a public health program to educate residents on hygiene, sanitation, and water safety. An assessment found the program improved residents' knowledge and adoption of healthy practices but that some issues around water quality, storage, and sanitation remained. The project aimed to provide a sustainable clean water source and empower the community to independently operate and maintain their new water system.
The document presents the Rural Sanitation Model and Strategy (R-SMS) for Ghana. It notes poor sanitation costs Ghana's economy significantly each year and that most Ghanaians still practice open defecation or use unimproved latrines. The R-SMS aims to build capacity, create demand, and ensure supply of sanitation infrastructure and behaviors to help Ghana achieve its Millennium Development Goals for sanitation access. It proposes pillars of enabling the environment through advocacy, building capacity through training, creating demand through community-led approaches, and ensuring supply of affordable technologies. Key actions include training community facilitators, using formative research to understand demand, commercializing latrine marketing, and monitoring progress toward indicators like
The document summarizes efforts by Bharti Foundation and Satya Bharti School in Kalipahari village, Rajasthan to address the issue of female illiteracy in the community. Students and teachers organized awareness campaigns including rallies, street plays, and small group education sessions to teach women how to write their names. Over 40 women learned to write their names in Hindi as a result. The community now better understands the importance of education and wants their children, especially girls, to be educated. Teachers and students gained new skills and confidence in addressing community issues. They plan continued monitoring and support to help sustain literacy progress.
The document summarizes a water distribution and public health project in Santa Clara, El Salvador led by various organizations. It describes installing a potable water system for 260 households including a well, pump, storage tank, chlorine system, and distribution pipes. It also discusses a public health program to educate residents on hygiene, sanitation, and water safety. An assessment found the program improved residents' knowledge and adoption of healthy practices but that some issues around water quality, storage, and sanitation remained. The project aimed to provide a sustainable clean water source and empower the community to independently operate and maintain their new water system.
Kajian Buku III RPJMN 2015-2019 Nusa Tenggara TimurOswar Mungkasa
disampaikan oleh Kepala Bappeda Propinsi NTT pada Lokakarya Regional Penyusunan Background Study Buku III RPJMN 2015-2019 Pembangunan Berdimensi Kewilayahan: Nusa Tenggara- Maluku- Papua di Kuta, Bali 23 September 2013
Lokakarya Background Study Buku III RPJMN 2015-2019Oswar Mungkasa
disampaikan oleh Direktur Pengembangan Wilayah Bappenas pada Lokakarya Back Ground Study Penyusunan Buku III RPJMN 2015-2019: Pembangunan Berdimensi Kewilayahan. Regional Wilayah Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara di Kuta, Bali 23 September 2013
The People’s Water Board is a coalition of labor, social justice, and environmental organizations based in Detroit. They work together to confront: 1) devastating lack of access to water faced by tens of thousands of low-income people who have had their water shut off; 2) water pollution due to aging wastewater infrastructure; and 3) the effort of corporate interests to gain control of Detroit’s water system. Listen to this panel discussion to learn about their struggles and victories.
Engineering A Global Movement In Social Responsibility Ver3Jeffrey Mills
An interactive session with a high school students (10-12th graders) discussing the challenges of providing clean potable water and sanitation services to the world’s growing population. Delivered in April 2010 at 36th annual NSBE National Convention in Toronto, CA.
Presentation on water supply system and sources in rural area14031907
The document discusses rural water supply and the importance of safe drinking water. It notes that over 30% of the rural population in developing countries lacks access to safe water. Traditionally, rural communities obtain water from unprotected sources like ponds, wells and rivers, which often leads to waterborne diseases. The document outlines some strategies for effective rural water supply, including selecting appropriate water sources and treatment methods tailored to local conditions. The goal is to provide access to basic water services while minimizing costs through community-based management approaches.
The document discusses design and management of sanitation and water projects in developing countries. It describes challenges in finding water sources and the need to construct wells, dams, and piping. It also discusses installing latrines and bio-sand filters to provide sanitation and remove bacterial contaminants from water. Professional engineers can contribute to these projects by mentoring with organizations and volunteering their engineering expertise.
The document discusses design and management of sanitation and water projects in developing countries. It describes challenges in finding water sources and the need to construct wells, dams, and piping. It also discusses installing latrines and bio-sand filters to provide sanitation and remove bacterial contaminants from water. Professional engineers can work on these projects by mentoring with organizations, volunteering for design work, or donating funds and resources.
The document discusses the need for investment in water infrastructure in the United States and the shortage of qualified water and wastewater operators and technicians. It notes that over a trillion dollars will need to be spent over the next 25 years to maintain aging water systems. Additionally, 33,000 operator jobs will need to be replaced in the coming years due to retirements. Bristol Community College received a grant to develop new training programs through its Blue Center for Water Technologies to address this need in the New England region and help create a pool of qualified drinking water and wastewater operators.
New England Water Treatment Training (NEWTT): Presentation by Robert S. Rak, Principal Investigator, Professor and Environmental Science and Technology Coordinator, Bristol Community College, Fall River, MA
MWD PRESS RELEASE WWF Concludes FINAL (2)Benita Horn
Teams from 11 universities and community colleges presented projects at the Southern California World Water Forum that addressed local and global water challenges. The projects included relief efforts to build wells for a hospital and school in Africa, capturing urban stormwater in the San Fernando Valley, and water sustainability projects in Guatemala and Kenya. The Forum aims to increase understanding of water issues and inspire students to pursue careers in water-related fields. Over three grant cycles, more than 300 students have completed 41 projects focused on developing solutions to water stresses locally and globally.
Innovative participatory community managed drinking water delivery approach i...India Water Portal
The document provides an overview of WASMO's innovative community-managed drinking water delivery approach in rural Gujarat. It discusses the drinking water challenges in Gujarat including uneven availability, quality issues, and seasonal scarcity. It then summarizes WASMO's efforts to empower communities and ensure sustainable water sources through capacity building, various technological solutions, partnerships with NGOs, and a focus on water quality surveillance.
This document discusses the importance of water conservation and sustainability. It notes that over a billion people lack access to safe water and water usage is increasing globally. Conservation is important because fresh water resources are limited and demands are rising. The document outlines various household and industrial water usage statistics. It recommends implementing conservation programs that educate the public, fix leaks, install water meters, and encourage efficient usage practices to ensure a sustainable water supply for the future.
This project developed and implemented a low-cost chlorine-based water chlorination system in rural mountainous regions in the Dominican Republic that lacked access to clean water. The system involved installing an in-line chlorine dispenser connected directly to community water distribution systems to treat large volumes of water and kill bacteria before it reached households. Initial installations were successful with costs under $150 per system. Long-term monitoring and additional installations are planned to expand access to clean water in the remote communities.
This document discusses water usage and water treatment. It notes that only 1/10000th of 1% of earth's water is available for human use. It then provides details on the different types of public water systems in the US, potential contaminants in water, water treatment processes like coagulation and chlorination, water usage statistics for Worcester County, and ways for individuals to conserve water.
This document summarizes information about water usage and water treatment systems. It notes that only 1/10000th of 1% of earth's water is available for human use. There are over 155,000 public water systems in the US that supply water to communities and non-residential buildings. Water can contain heavy metals, waste, and household chemicals, and is treated through coagulation, filtration, and chlorination to make it safe. Over 8.4 billion gallons of water were treated in 2012 for a county with over 800,000 residents. Individuals are encouraged to conserve water through efficient appliances and limiting outdoor water usage.
NCBC Gulfport 2012 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)CR United States Navy
The document is NCBC Gulfport's 2012 Consumer Confidence Report, which provides details about the source and quality of the base's drinking water. It finds the water safe to drink and meets all EPA standards. It notes some groups may be more vulnerable to contaminants and provides conservation tips. It also provides data on water source, treatment process, and results of water quality testing.
This project aims to improve access to clean water and sanitation in rural Cambodia. It will construct new water points and repair existing ones for 29 villages, establishing a maintenance program to ensure long-term sustainability. It will also promote better hygiene practices through community workshops and build latrines in 8 schools. This 3-year project, which complements government goals, expects to train local maintenance teams and gradually transfer responsibility to community water groups and provincial authorities to continue support after project completion.
Water Safety Plans (WSPs) are being implemented in various countries in South-East Asia to improve access to safe drinking water and reduce waterborne diseases. WSPs involve identifying hazards and risks from catchment to consumer, prioritizing the highest risks, and mitigating risks through control measures. The key drivers for WSPs are the WHO guidelines emphasizing risk assessment and management, and the need to prevent the majority of diarrheal diseases through safe water and hygiene. Countries that have implemented WSPs have seen benefits like improved water quality, reduced waterborne diseases, and more sustainable water supply systems.
Providing safe, clean water for Santa Clara CountyLaura Rinaldi
The document summarizes the work of the Santa Clara Valley Water District to provide safe and clean water for Santa Clara County. It discusses the district's historical development, its integrated approach to water supply, flood protection and stream stewardship. It also provides facts about the district's infrastructure, efforts to protect groundwater, champion conservation and prepare for future challenges around climate change and sea level rise.
The document discusses rural water and sanitation models in India. It proposes a model where waste generated by rural communities is sent to a biogas treatment plant, producing biogas and fertilizer. The biogas is then converted to electricity, which is distributed to nearby villages. This provides rural areas with sanitation facilities and a renewable power source. Water availability can be an issue in rural areas, so portable generators may be used to pump water from bore wells. The model aims to create a sustainable system where waste is used to generate resources like power and fertilizer for the community.
EPA's Source Water Protection Program aims to protect drinking water sources through a multi-barrier approach including source water protection. Key EPA programs related to source water protection include the Safe Drinking Water Act which requires states to develop Wellhead Protection Programs and Source Water Assessments. Source water protection involves delineating protection areas, inventorying contaminant sources, assessing susceptibility, notifying the public, and developing and implementing protection strategies. EPA supports state and local source water protection efforts through technical assistance, workshops, and coordination across programs. Success stories demonstrate effective multi-stakeholder collaboration on alternative intakes, BMPs with agriculture, monitoring, outreach, and funding from various federal, state, and local sources.
Flier announcing a free well water testing program in rural Washington County, PA for the purpose of testing wells both near and not near Marcellus Shale drilling, to see if nearby drilling has led to the migration of methane into water wells. Sponsored by the Washington County Watershed Alliance and Southwest PA Environmental Health Project.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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1. Rotary Club of Glen Burnie, MDRotary Club of San Miguel El Chapparistique Engineers Without Borders – Washington DCGeorge Washington University – Public Health Santa Clara, El Salvador - Water Distribution & Public Health Project
3. Santa Clara, El Salvador Santa Clara (pop. 3,165) is a rural community within the municipality of San Rafael Oriente (pop. 16,929), in the Eastern region of San Miguel Local Organizations: Associacion de DesarrolloComunitario (ADESCO) AsociacionNacionalpara la Defensa, Desarrollo y Distribucion del Agua a Nivel Rural (ANDAR) Peace Corps
4. Background & Objectives Background: The people of Santa Clara suffer many hardships, as the majority live in suboptimal conditions without adequate housing, education, or an improved water source and the community’s residents are burdened with a high incidence of water-related illness. Households contract local drilling companies to construct raw water wells. Most wells access the same shallow aquifer contaminated by community pit latrines. The contamination of wells has been confirmed through bacteriological testing of samples throughout the community that were positive for excessive levels of fecal coliform bacteria. High rate of morbidity associated with water-borne pathogens and related illnesses. Desire: - Clean water for the Santa Clara community: Households 260 (Expandable to 400). - Current expressed community preference for piped water delivery to each individual household. - The community has already located a preferred; semi-remote well from which to extract the raw water for their system.
5. The project has a comprehensive approach to preventing illness by improving water supply and key hygiene behaviors, especially ensuring safe household drinking water and food, proper personal and domestic hygiene, and effective use of sanitation.
6. Water Collection - Today Carry water in large containers Use of horsepower to draw buckets from well Transport water with wagons
17. Potable Water System Schematic Ground Storage Tank Tank Storage: 100 m3 (25,000 Gallons) Tank Diameter: 6.8m (22’-4”) Tank Height: 3.9m (12’-10”) Chlorine Tablet Feeder Desired Chlorine Residual: 0.5 – 0.8 mg/L Tablet Feeder Design 4” PVC Well Fill Line Grade at well = 200m Distribution System Number of Homes: 260 Gallons per home per day: 160 Maximum Pipe Diameter: 6” Minimum Pipe Diameter: 2” Maximum Pressure: 80 psi Minimum Pressure: 20 psi Control System and VFD Minimum Pressure: 1psi Maximum Pressure: 100 psi Well and Pump Well Casing Diameter: 8” Design Point: 95 gpm @ 425ft
37. Sustainability ANDAR provides ongoing community trainings: Operation & Maintenance Administration, like transparent bookkeeping, end of year income/expense reports & development of user fees General and state laws governing potable water systems Protection and conservation of the water source Empowerment-to encourage leadership as owners of the system Management of the Water Board (ADESCO), including participatory, democratic decision-making, roles of leadership
41. Health Promotion/Education Program Health Educators Complement ongoing health education & promotion efforts Enhance local capacities for sustainable program Enhance health impact of water system
42. Health Promoters Household visits School hygiene Materials Assistance Role models/leaders Community mobilization (dengue, & trash clean-up) Upcoming: Water Management Education
46. Still some work to be done… Water quality/quantity Water storage/handling Grey water disposal Child hygiene/care Open defecation of children Trash disposal Proximity of domesticated animals to homes
Promoters and the InterventionCommunity members consider the issues of hygiene and sanitation to be both household and community matters; consequently, the program has been designed to address these issues on both levels. The promoters have three major functions: 1) hygiene promotion and education; 2) demonstrations/assistance to achieve proper hygiene practices; and 3) evaluating the intervention. Their efforts focus on building necessary knowledge and skills to adopt and maintain proper hygiene practices; they also serve as role models of these practices. In addition, through community-based participatory research methods, the promoters collect data for evaluating the inputs and outcomes of the program. Training of PromotersThe promoters were recruited from Santa Clara based on certain characteristics, such as leadership skills, minimum literacy and educational requirements, permanent residence in Santa Clara, and long-term interest in the program goals. Nineteen applicants applied for the positions and the final candidates were selected by community vote. Thepromoters received an initial 5-day training by the GWU/EWB/Santa Clara team, and receive follow-up trainings from the MOH and PCV on a regular basis. They were trained with skills in the areas of: leadership, communication and hygiene promotion, time management, problem solving, participatory learning, and data collection/instrumentation. A training manual was created and translated by the GWU team, Ms. Putzer and Ms. Jurado (available upon request).
99% HP had visited home 2x in past month50% had participated in activity past mo. 88% receive hygiene info from HPs (p<0.001)Treating water (0.007); safe food prep (p<0.001); adequate trash disposal (p<0.001)Nearly all (96%) of respondents reported being visited by a health promoter at least one in the past month, compared to only 61.9% at baseline, and the number of persons who reported participating in at least one activity in the previous month increased significantly between baseline and follow-up. More respondents reported receiving information about personal/domestic hygiene specifically from health promoters compared to baseline. Respondents were more likely at follow-up than at baseline to indicate that they had received information from promoters on the following hygiene topics: drinking clean water, treating water, preparing foods safely, and disposing trash adequately.
Latrine cleaningSweep floor (p=0.001); clean seat/lid with disinfectant (p=0.041; p<0.001); To ensure food safetyWash hands before preparing food (p=0.029); wash foods completely (p<0.001) Diarrhea treatmentGiven more to drink (p=0.022); given ORS (p=0.002)