Sanisera Fieldschool 2010, session 4: Dental Health, by Ashley Nagel
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The document summarizes various aspects of dental health, including that plaque consists of microorganisms and extracellular matrix, dental calculus is mineralized plaque that attaches to tooth surfaces, and dental caries are demineralization of enamel by bacterial waste products. The main factors influencing caries and calculus are oral hygiene and diet, with complex carbohydrates and refined foods associated with greater risks due to longer oral clearance times. Periodontal disease is influenced by plaque, hygiene, and diet, as bacteria from plaque and the mouth trigger an immune response leading to inflammation and potential tooth/bone loss.
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Chap3 edited
The document discusses the role of carbohydrates in dental caries (tooth decay). It states that fermentable carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are easily fermented by bacteria like Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavities. Frequent sugar intake and sticky sugars that remain on teeth increase caries risk. Starches carry less risk as they are slowly broken down. Replacing sucrose with non-fermentable sugars can greatly reduce caries. The acidogenic theory proposes that the localized pH drop facilitated by plaque allows demineralization.
Chap3 edited
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Denatal caries - Tooth Decay
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Dental caries is caused by bacteria in dental plaque that produce acids which demineralize tooth structure. The most common bacteria involved are Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli. There are several theories for how dental caries progresses, but it is now accepted that acids produced by bacteria lower the pH and cause the enamel and dentin to demineralize. Dental caries can affect the pits and fissures of teeth, smooth surfaces, or root surfaces. It is classified based on location, rate of progression, extent of damage, and other factors. Histologically, dental caries progresses through zones in enamel and dentin as the mineral content is reduced by acid attacks from bacteria.
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This document discusses the pathogenesis of dental caries. It begins by explaining that dental caries is caused by the interaction of sugars, teeth, and microorganisms. It then discusses the roles that various factors play in the disease process, including sugars/carbohydrates, microorganisms like Streptococcus mutans, lactic acid production, dental plaque, and the buffering effects of saliva. The document also explains the cycles of demineralization and remineralization that can occur, and the histological changes seen in carious lesions over time.
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Dental caries 1
Dental caries, also known as cavities, are caused by bacteria in the mouth that feed on sugars and produce acid, which demineralizes tooth enamel over time. The main bacteria involved are Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. These bacteria live in dental plaque on the teeth. Factors like frequent sugar consumption, poor oral hygiene, and low saliva flow can promote the growth of these cariogenic bacteria and lead to tooth decay. Other contributors include tooth anatomy, acid erosion, and lack of fluoride exposure.
Disorders of Upper GIT system ppt (3).ppt
Dental plaque and caries are caused by bacteria in the mouth that metabolize sugars to produce acids. These acids demineralize tooth enamel over time, leading to cavities and damage. Proper oral hygiene through brushing, flossing, and professional cleanings can help remove plaque and prevent caries. Dietary choices like limiting sugar intake and drinking fluoridated water also reduce risk. Left untreated, caries can progress to pulpitis, abscesses, or tooth loss. Gingivitis is a mild form of gum inflammation due to plaque that can be reversed, while periodontitis involves deeper infection and bone loss requiring treatment to stop progression.
Dental Caries
The document defines dental caries as a disease caused by bacteria in the mouth that ferment dietary carbohydrates, producing acid that demineralizes tooth enamel and destroys tooth structure. The major factors contributing to dental caries are certain bacteria like Streptococcus mutans; dental plaque that allows bacteria to adhere to teeth; saliva, which can increase the cariogenic effect while also helping to clean teeth; and consumption of fermentable carbohydrates like sugars, which feed the bacteria. The microbiology section notes that the main bacteria involved are streptococci and lactobacilli, while other bacteria like actinomyces may also play a role.
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Early childhood caries (ECC) is a major public health problem affecting children worldwide. It is caused by an interaction of bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates, and susceptible tooth structure. Risk factors include bottle feeding practices, lack of oral hygiene, and socioeconomic status. ECC begins as white spot lesions on maxillary incisors and can progress rapidly without treatment. Prevention involves reducing sugar intake, brushing with fluoride toothpaste, and dental care.
Chap3 edited
The document discusses the role of carbohydrates in dental caries (tooth decay). It states that fermentable carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are easily fermented by bacteria like Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavities. Frequent sugar intake and sticky sugars that remain on teeth increase caries risk. Starches carry less risk as they are slowly broken down. Replacing sucrose with non-fermentable sugars can reduce caries. The acidogenic theory proposes that the localized pH drop facilitated by plaque enables demineralization.
Chap3 Edited
The document discusses the role of carbohydrates in dental caries (tooth decay). It states that fermentable carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are easily fermented by bacteria like Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavities. Frequent sugar intake and sticky carbohydrates increase caries risk as they prolong acid exposure. Starches carry less risk as they are slowly broken down. Replacing sucrose with non-fermentable sugars can reduce caries. Local acid drops below the critical pH of 5.5 cause subsurface demineralization and eventual cavities.
Chap3 Edited
The document discusses the role of carbohydrates in dental caries (tooth decay). It states that fermentable carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are easily fermented by bacteria like Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavities. Frequent sugar intake and sticky sugars that remain on teeth increase caries risk. Starches carry less risk as they are slowly broken down. Replacing sucrose with non-fermentable sugars can reduce caries. The acidogenic theory proposes that the localized pH drop facilitated by plaque allows demineralization.
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Streptococcus mutans is a bacterium commonly found in dental plaque and is a primary cause of tooth decay. It produces enzymes that synthesize extracellular polysaccharides from sucrose, forming acids that demineralize tooth enamel and cause cavities. S. mutans is well-adapted to hard tooth surfaces and can live in dental plaque even without sugar present by using stored polysaccharides. It is also an opportunistic pathogen that can cause infective endocarditis. The document provides details on the classification, identification, pathogenic mechanisms, and role in dental caries of S. mutans.
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Dental caries is caused by acid-producing bacteria in dental plaque that metabolize sugars from the diet. As the bacteria lower the pH, minerals are dissolved from tooth enamel and dentin, leading to cavitation. The primary bacteria involved are mutans streptococci. Risk factors include frequency of sugar consumption. Early lesions appear as white spots on smooth surfaces or pits and fissures. Untreated, caries progresses through enamel and into dentin, forming zones of demineralization and bacterial invasion.
Dental caries
Dental caries is caused by an imbalance between tooth minerals and biofilm fluids due to acid production from cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque. It begins as demineralization of enamel and progresses to destruction of dentin and pulp if left untreated. Key factors that influence caries development include the cariogenicity of dental biofilm and bacteria like Streptococcus mutans, diet high in fermentable carbohydrates, low salivary flow and buffering capacity, tooth morphology, and prolonged exposure time. Histopathologically, enamel caries shows irregular fissures and intercrystalline spaces widening while dentin caries exhibits tubular sclerosis and liquifaction necrosis.
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Dental caries, also known as cavities, are caused by bacteria in the mouth that feed on sugars and produce acid, which demineralizes tooth enamel over time. The main bacteria involved are Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. These bacteria live in dental plaque on the teeth. Factors like frequent sugar consumption, poor oral hygiene, and low saliva flow can promote the growth of these cariogenic bacteria and lead to tooth decay. Other contributors include tooth anatomy, acid erosion, and lack of fluoride exposure.
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Dental plaque and caries are caused by bacteria in the mouth that metabolize sugars to produce acids. These acids demineralize tooth enamel over time, leading to cavities and damage. Proper oral hygiene through brushing, flossing, and professional cleanings can help remove plaque and prevent caries. Dietary choices like limiting sugar intake and drinking fluoridated water also reduce risk. Left untreated, caries can progress to pulpitis, abscesses, or tooth loss. Gingivitis is a mild form of gum inflammation due to plaque that can be reversed, while periodontitis involves deeper infection and bone loss requiring treatment to stop progression.
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The document defines dental caries as a disease caused by bacteria in the mouth that ferment dietary carbohydrates, producing acid that demineralizes tooth enamel and destroys tooth structure. The major factors contributing to dental caries are certain bacteria like Streptococcus mutans; dental plaque that allows bacteria to adhere to teeth; saliva, which can increase the cariogenic effect while also helping to clean teeth; and consumption of fermentable carbohydrates like sugars, which feed the bacteria. The microbiology section notes that the main bacteria involved are streptococci and lactobacilli, while other bacteria like actinomyces may also play a role.
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The document discusses the role of carbohydrates in dental caries (tooth decay). It states that fermentable carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are easily fermented by bacteria like Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavities. Frequent sugar intake and sticky carbohydrates increase caries risk as they prolong acid exposure. Starches carry less risk as they are slowly broken down. Replacing sucrose with non-fermentable sugars can reduce caries. Local acid drops below the critical pH of 5.5 cause subsurface demineralization and eventual cavities.
Chap3 Edited
The document discusses the role of carbohydrates in dental caries (tooth decay). It states that fermentable carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are easily fermented by bacteria like Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavities. Frequent sugar intake and sticky sugars that remain on teeth increase caries risk. Starches carry less risk as they are slowly broken down. Replacing sucrose with non-fermentable sugars can reduce caries. The acidogenic theory proposes that the localized pH drop facilitated by plaque allows demineralization.
Chap3 edited
The document discusses the role of carbohydrates in dental caries (tooth decay). It states that fermentable carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are easily fermented by bacteria like Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavities. Frequent sugar intake and sticky carbohydrates increase caries risk as they prolong acid exposure. Starches carry less risk as they are slowly broken down. Replacing sucrose with non-fermentable alternatives like sorbitol and xylitol reduces caries.
Chap3 Edited
The document discusses the role of carbohydrates in dental caries (tooth decay). It states that fermentable carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are easily fermented by bacteria like Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavities. Frequent sugar intake and sticky sugars that remain on teeth increase caries risk. Starches carry less risk as they are slowly broken down. Replacing sucrose with non-fermentable sugars can reduce caries. The acidogenic theory proposes that the localized pH drop facilitated by plaque enables demineralization.
Chap3 edited
The document discusses the role of carbohydrates in dental caries (tooth decay). It states that fermentable carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are easily fermented by bacteria like Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavities. Frequent sugar intake and sticky carbohydrates that remain on teeth increase caries risk. Starches carry less risk as they are slowly broken down. Replacing sucrose with non-fermentable sugars can reduce caries. Local acid production below pH 5.5 causes subsurface enamel demineralization and below pH 4-5 leads to surface enamel loss.
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Dental caries, also known as tooth decay, is one of the most common health problems worldwide. It is caused by bacteria in the mouth that produce acids that dissolve tooth enamel. There are five stages of tooth decay. Cavities start small but can grow larger and deeper if not treated, potentially leading to tooth pain, infection, and loss. Regular dental visits and proper brushing and flossing can help prevent cavities. Treatment options depend on the stage of decay and include options like fillings, root canals, or tooth extractions.
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This document provides information on the etiology and classification of dental caries. It discusses the multifactorial nature of caries, involving bacteria, susceptible tooth surfaces, and diet playing major roles. It describes theories of caries development including Miller's chemoparasitic theory involving acid production by bacteria leading to demineralization. It also discusses host factors like tooth composition, plaque, diet and its effects on bacteria, the role of time and saliva, and systemic and genetic factors in caries development and susceptibility.
Microbiology of dental caries
This document summarizes the microbiology of dental caries. It defines caries as a chronic infection caused by normal oral bacteria metabolizing dietary carbohydrates. The main causative microbes are Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli. Caries develops when acids produced by these bacteria in dental plaque demineralize enamel. Prevention focuses on reducing sugars, increasing fluoride, sealing pits/fissures, and controlling cariogenic bacteria through antimicrobials like chlorhexidine or replacement with probiotics.
Dental caries
Dental caries is a progressive bacterial disease that causes damage to teeth. It is caused by bacteria in dental plaque that produce acid by fermenting sugars from the diet. This acid causes demineralization of tooth enamel and dentin. If left untreated, it can lead to tooth decay, pain, and potentially serious systemic infections.
Restorative Dentistry For Children PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
This document discusses restorative dentistry for children. It covers the importance of maintaining a dry field for clear vision and preventing contamination during restorative procedures. It describes various methods for achieving a dry field, including cotton rolls, saliva ejectors, and rubber dams. It discusses the aims and general principles of restorative dentistry in primary teeth, including cavity classification, preparation, and choices of restorative materials. It also covers the use of preformed crowns for primary teeth, including stainless steel crowns and strip crowns. Finally, it discusses early childhood caries (ECC), including definitions, prevalence, risk factors, clinical presentations, consequences, and approaches for prevention and treatment.
Dental caries and periodontal diseases.ppt
1. Dental plaque is a biofilm that develops on teeth and comprises living and dead bacteria and their products embedded in an organic matrix. The microbial composition of plaque varies between individuals and locations in the mouth.
2. Gingivitis is a reversible form of periodontal disease caused by dental plaque. It involves inflammation of the gingiva without loss of attachment to the tooth. The gingiva become red, swollen and bleed easily but are not painful. Early plaque is dominated by streptococci while established lesions contain increased levels of anaerobic bacteria like Porphyromonas and Prevotella.
3. Dental caries is caused by acid-producing plaque bacteria metabolizing ferment
Dental_caries2020.pptjhjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
This document discusses dental caries (tooth decay). It describes caries as a multifactorial, sugar-dependent infectious disease caused by an interaction between bacteria in dental plaque and fermentable carbohydrates. Certain bacteria like Streptococcus mutans are especially adept at producing acid from sugars, which demineralizes tooth enamel over time if remineralization does not match demineralization. Factors that influence the development of caries include diet, oral hygiene, fluoride exposure, tooth structure, and flow of protective saliva. The document provides details on the etiology, pathogenesis, and risk factors involved in the development of dental caries.
Periodontal diseases
Periodontal disease is a progressive inflammatory disease of the supporting structures of the teeth caused by bacterial plaque. It has four stages ranging from gingivitis to advanced bone and tissue loss. The pathogenesis involves the host inflammatory response to bacterial toxins and enzymes that destroy periodontal tissues. Clinical signs include bad breath, bleeding gums, loose teeth, and bone loss. Treatment consists of nonsurgical approaches like scaling and root planing as well as surgical procedures such as flap surgery, bone grafting, and guided tissue regeneration to regenerate lost tissues.
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histopathologymicrobiologyofdentalcaries-130716142530-phpapp02 (1).pptx
histopathologymicrobiologyofdentalcaries-130716142530-phpapp02 (1).pptx
Restorative Dentistry For Children PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
Restorative Dentistry For Children PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
Dental_caries2020.pptjhjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
Dental_caries2020.pptjhjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
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- 1. Dental Health Ashley Nagel Session #4 2010
- 4. Dental Caries Range in size and shape Demineralization of enamel by the waste products of oral bacteria. S. mutans, S. aureus
- 5. And so does everything!
- 7. Dietary Factors Complex carbohydrates survive longer in oral cavity, consumed over longer duration Carbohydrates more easily digested by oral bacteria, create acidic waste easier Sucrose, starch Saliva neutralizes oral pH and breaks down food particles
- 8. Refined V. Unrefined Food Texture Refinement and processing influence clearance time from oral cavity Food boiling and processing breaks down cell walls and releases carbohydrates