This document discusses the analysis of burnt bone to determine the circumstances of burning. It outlines several techniques used including: [1] examining bone color and fracture patterns to estimate burning temperature; [2] elemental analysis to detect staining from metals; and [3] other analytical methods to assess the degree of burning. Key factors investigated are temperature, time, presence of other materials, and location of burning to better understand how and why the bones were burnt.
this presentation deals with the forensic aspects of identification using various 2D & 3D techniques, including the facial approximation methods.....
The efforts of Dr. R V Singh and Ms. Alka Gupta in making of this presentation is appreciated..
this presentation deals with the forensic aspects of identification using various 2D & 3D techniques, including the facial approximation methods.....
The efforts of Dr. R V Singh and Ms. Alka Gupta in making of this presentation is appreciated..
Portrait Parle via Bertillon System By G S ShaktawatG.S Shaktawat
The individualization of the human is very hard thing from the ages. People had done or invented certain ways for the proper individualization of the person. The Bertillon System is the first anthropological technique for individualization invented by Sir Bertillon.
This PPT contains the content mainly from the history to the decline of the Bertillon system. And the center point of the PPT is the Portrait Parle or Bertillonage.
Forensic botany is the scientific use of plant materials to help solve crimes. It is study of plant life n order to gain information regarding possible crimes.
Tool marks are often found on scene of crime.. this presentation enlights very basic processing of how these marks are being examined by forensic scientists
whenever and wherever a Disaster takes place in the form of Tsunami, Earthquake, Terrorist attack or Bomb blast the bodies which we get at the crime scene are either damaged or sometimes face cannot be identified.
Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)Alok Yadav
Automated fingerprint identification is the process of using a computer to match fingerprints against a database of known and unknown prints in the fingerprint identification system.
Portrait Parle via Bertillon System By G S ShaktawatG.S Shaktawat
The individualization of the human is very hard thing from the ages. People had done or invented certain ways for the proper individualization of the person. The Bertillon System is the first anthropological technique for individualization invented by Sir Bertillon.
This PPT contains the content mainly from the history to the decline of the Bertillon system. And the center point of the PPT is the Portrait Parle or Bertillonage.
Forensic botany is the scientific use of plant materials to help solve crimes. It is study of plant life n order to gain information regarding possible crimes.
Tool marks are often found on scene of crime.. this presentation enlights very basic processing of how these marks are being examined by forensic scientists
whenever and wherever a Disaster takes place in the form of Tsunami, Earthquake, Terrorist attack or Bomb blast the bodies which we get at the crime scene are either damaged or sometimes face cannot be identified.
Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)Alok Yadav
Automated fingerprint identification is the process of using a computer to match fingerprints against a database of known and unknown prints in the fingerprint identification system.
2. Why study burnt bone
Many Uses
Use of fire in prehistory, dietary and cooking
habits, animal sacrifices, migration and trade
in life stock, firing of cities, cannibalism, witch
executions and funerary practises
2 Questions
• What are the bones?
• What are the circumstances of burning?
3. What are the Circumstances of burning
• Temperature
• Time
• Soft tissue
• Oxidation
• Other objects (metals)
• Location
4. Analysis techniques
• Colour
• Fracture patterns
• Elemental analysis (ICP-MS/XRF)
• Other analytical techniques (XRD,FTIR,
electron microscopy)
• Use of external clues
6. Colour & Temperature
Stage Temperature range Colour description Munsell
(dominant colour)
1 20-285 °C Neutral white/ pale yellow 5Y 8/2, 10YR 8/4
2 285-525 Reddish brown, dark grey brown, neutral N 2.7 5/0
dark grey, reddish yellow 7.5YR 8/3
3 525-645 Neutral black, medium blue, some reddish 10YR 7/2
yellow
4 645-940 Predominately neutral white, with light N 9/0
blue grey and light grey N9.5/0
5 940+ Neutral white with some medium grey and N9.5/0
reddish-yellow
7. Colour & Metals
• Characteristic colour for
each metal:
e.g.
• Bronze: Green/Blue
• Iron: Red
• Zinc: Yellow
9. External clues
• The melting of another material with a known or
calculable melting point
• E.g. Glass melts at 500°C to over 2000°C depending
on the type of glass
10. Elemental analysis
Use: Examples:
• Identification of • XRF
compounds or elements • ICP-MS
• Good at detecting
staining- Metals/
minerals
• Thermal decomposition
11. Other analysis
Uses Examples
Distinguishing burnt from • XRD
unburnt • FTIR
Looking at the degree of • Electron Microscopy
burning:
• Recrystallization
• Thermal decomposition
Penetration of staining
13. Bibliography
Shipman, P., Foster, G. and Schoeninger, M. (1984).
Burnt Bones and teeth: an experimental study of
colour, morphology, crystal structure and shrinkage.
Journal of archaeological science, 11, pp.307-325
Harter, R.(2011). Piltdown man.
http://home.tiac.net/~cri_a/piltdown/piltdown.html
Nicholson, A.(2011). The effect of multiple burning on
bone mineral