The document discusses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, including how it works, its components, types of tags, frequency and read ranges, applications in various industries, and results from a survey on potential uses for RFID. RFID uses radio waves to automatically identify objects and has benefits over barcodes like storing more data and reading from a distance, though costs remain higher and standards are still being developed.

2. Future
Introduction development
Applications Survey Results Conclusion
of RFID and
opportunities

3.  RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
 Electronic labeling and wireless
identification of objects using radio
frequency
 Tag carries with its information
› a serial number
› Model number
› Color or any other imaginable data
 When these tags pass through a field
generated by a compatible reader, they
transmit this information back to the
reader, thereby identifying the object

4.  A basic RFID system consists of these
components:
› A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item
data; consisting of
 an RFID chip for data storage
 an antenna to facilitate communication with the
RFID chip
› A reader/antenna system to interrogate the RFID
inlay
› Application software and a host computer
system

5.  The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit
(IC) embedded in a thin film medium.
 Information stored in the memory of the
RFID chip is transmitted by the antenna
circuit embedded in the RFID inlay via radio
frequencies, to an RFID reader
 3 types
› Passive
› Semi-passive
› Active

6. Active Tags Semi-passive Tags Passive Tags
• Use a battery • Contain built-in • Derive their power
• communicate over batteries to power from the field
distances of several the chip’s generated by the
meters circuitry, resist reader
interference and • without having an
circumvent a lack active transmitter to
of power from the transfer the
reader signal due to information stored
long distance.
• They are different
from active tags in
that they only
transmit data at the
time a response is
received

7. Frequency Appx. Read Data Speed Cost of Tags Application
Range
Low Frequency (125kHz) <5cm Low High • Animal Identification
(passive) • Access Control
High Frequency (13.56 Mhz) 10 cm – 1m Low to Moderate Medium to • Smart Cards
Low
(passive) • Payment (paywave)
Ultra High Frequency (433, 868-928 3m -7m Moderate to High Low • Logistics and Supply Chain
Mhz)
(passive) • Baggage Tracking
Microwave (2.45 & 5.8 Ghz) 10m -15m High High • Electronic toll collection
(Autotoll)
(passive)
• Container Tracking
20m – 40m
(active)

8. Application Segment Representative Applications Competitive Technologies Current Typical Tag
Penetration Type
Access Control Doorway entry Other keyless entry High Passive
technologies
Asset Tracking Locating tractors within a freight yard None Low Active
Asset Tagging Tracking corporate computing systems Bar Code Low Passive
Authentication Luxury goods counterfeit prevention Holograms Low Passive
Baggage Tracking Positive bag matching Bar Code, Optical Character Low Passive
Recognition
POS Applications SpeedPass Credit Cards, Smart Cards, Medium Passive
Wireless Phones
SCM (Container Level) Tracking containers in shipping GPS-based Systems Low Active
terminals
SCM (Pallet Level) Tracking palletized shipments Bar Code Minimal Active, Passive
SCM (Item Level) Identifying individual items Bar Code Minimal Passive
Vehicle Identification Electronic toll collection Bar Code, License plate, reader Medium Active, Passive
systems
Vehicle Immobilizers Automotive ignition systems Other theft prevention High Passive
technologies

9. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zk-
wSTF2Xec

11. Credit Cards with RFID
(Paywave function) Octopus (Smart Card)

12. Autotoll (Electronic toll collection)
Access Control

13.  Target: SME
 Information: Opinion on RFID and its
applications
 Site:
› http://qtrial.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9N5UP
RZuyuWtsk4

14. Types of industries that respondents think
it is possible to apply RFID technology
Document Management
8%
Inventory Control
10%
Security
Customer Services
8%
5%
Library Management Hotel Management
21% Other 5%
18%
Pharmaceutic Banking and Finance
manufacturing industries 5%
15%
Social Services
Logistics and Supply Chain 3%
Management
20%

15.  In medical uses and library management

17.  Positive
› RFID is a contactless reading technology and
can read through other materials
› Hold more data than barcode does
› RFID tags data can be changed or added
› More effective, bring lots of convenience to us
 Negative
› Cost is relatively remain high (compare to
barcode)
› RFID signals may have problems with some
materials
› RFID standards are still being developed