The document discusses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, including how RFID systems work, different types of RFID tags, common RFID frequencies and their applications. It also analyzes the current and potential future uses of RFID in various industries like logistics, healthcare, and retail based on a survey that was conducted. The document concludes that RFID provides benefits over barcodes but also still faces challenges around costs and standardization that need to be addressed for broader adoption.

1. Chan Tai Man
Xxxxxxxx
24 July 2012

2. Future
Introduction Survey development
Applications Conclusion
of RFID Results and
opportunities

3.  RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
 Electronic labeling and wireless identification
of objects using radio frequency
 Tag carries with its information
 a serial number
 Model number
 Color or any other imaginable data
 When these tags pass through a field generated
by a compatible reader, they transmit this
information back to the reader, thereby
identifying the object

4.  A basic RFID system consists of these
components:
 A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item
data;
 Consisting of an RFID chip for data storage
 an antenna to facilitate communication with the RFID
chip
 A reader/antenna system to interrogate the
RFID inlay
 Application software and a host computer
system

5.  The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit
(IC) embedded in a thin film medium.
 Information stored in the memory of the RFID
chip is transmitted by the antenna circuit
embedded in the RFID inlay via radio
frequencies, to an RFID reader
 3 types
 Passive
 Semi-passive
 Active

6. Active Tags Semi-passive Tags Passive Tags
• Use a battery • Contain built-in • Derive their power
• Communicate over batteries to power from the field
distances of several the chip’s circuitry, generated by the
meters resist interference reader
and circumvent a • Without having an
lack of power from active transmitter to
the reader signal transfer the
due to long distance information stored
• They are different
from active tags in
that they only
transmit data at the
time a response is
received

7. Frequency Appx. Read Data Speed Cost of Application
Range Tags
Low Frequency <5cm Low High • Animal Identification
(125kHz)
(passive) • Access Control
High Frequency 10 cm – 1m Low to Mediu • Smart Cards
(13.56 Mhz) Moderate m to
(passive) Low • Payment (paywave)
Ultra High 3m -7m Moderate to Low • Logistics and Supply
Frequency (433, High Chain
868-928 Mhz) (passive)
• Baggage Tracking
Microwave (2.45 & 10m -15m High High • Electronic toll collection
5.8 Ghz) (Autotoll)
(passive)
• Container Tracking
20m – 40m
(active)

8. Application Representative Competitive Current Typical Tag Type
Segment Applications Technologies Penetratio
n
Access Control Doorway entry Other keyless High Passive
entry technologies
Asset Tracking Locating None Low Active
tractors within
a freight yard
Asset Tagging Tracking Bar Code Low Passive
corporate
computing
systems
Authentication Luxury goods Holograms Low Passive
counterfeit
prevention
Baggage Positive bag Bar Code, Optical Low Passive
Tracking matching Character
Recognition
POS Applications SpeedPass Credit Cards, Medium Passive
Smart Cards,
Wireless Phones
SCM (Container Tracking GPS-based Low Active
Level) containers in Systems
shipping
terminals
SCM (Pallet Tracking Bar Code Minimal Active, Passive
Level) palletized
shipments
SCM (Item Level) Identifying Bar Code Minimal Passive
individual
items
Vehicle Electronic toll Bar Code, License Medium Active, Passive
Identification collection plate, reader
systems
Vehicle Automotive Other theft High Passive
Immobilizers ignition prevention
systems technologies

9. Credit Cards with RFID
(Paywave function)
Octopus (Smart Card)

10. Autotoll (Electronic toll collection)
Access Control

11.  Target: SME
 Information: Opinion on RFID and its
applications
 Site:
 http://qtrial.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9N5UPRZ
uyuWtsk4

12. Types of industries that respondents think
it is possible to apply RFID technology
Document Management
8%
Inventory Control
10%
Security
Customer Services
8%
5%
Library Management Hotel Management
21% Other 5%
18%
Banking and Finance
5%
Pharmaceutic
manufacturing
Social Services
industries Logistics and Supply Chain 3%
15% Management
20%

13.  In medical uses and library management

15.  Positive
 RFID is a contactless reading technology and can
read through other materials
 Hold more data than barcode does
 RFID tags data can be changed or added
 More effective, bring lots of convenience to us
 Negative
 Cost is relatively remain high (compare to barcode)
 RFID signals may have problems with some
materials
 RFID standards are still being developed