The document analyzes health-related claims made on electronic cigarette manufacturer and retailer websites. It finds that the vast majority of sites make at least one health claim, with modified risk claims and secondhand smoke claims being most common. A legal analysis determines that many of these claims require FDA review and authorization under current regulations. The study demonstrates that online marketing of e-cigarettes emphasizes potential benefits while minimizing possible harms, posing a risk of misleading consumers.
The document summarizes research on pharmaceutical disposal options in Santa Clara County. It conducted stakeholder interviews, public surveys, GIS mapping of drop-off locations, and case studies of different programs. The research found that the public has low awareness of safe disposal but is open to convenient drop-off locations. It also found that improper disposal negatively impacts public health and the environment. Stakeholders like small pharmacies support producer-funded drug take-back programs, while PhRMA prefers a federally-run program. The document concludes that public education, funding, and government action are all needed to address the issue safely and equitably for all stakeholders.
This document provides an overview of state prescription drug monitoring programs (PMPs) and summarizes their status and operations. It finds that 44 states currently operate PMPs that collect prescription data, with most programs housed in health departments or related agencies. States fund PMPs through various means like grants, state appropriations, and licensing/registration fees. Fourteen states receive funding from licensing and registration fees specifically. The overview examines PMP laws and operations to assist policymakers in addressing prescription drug abuse, addiction, and diversion.
This document summarizes a presentation on data-driven trends related to prescription drug abuse. It outlines national trends in doctor shopping, overdoses, drugged driving, and opioid/heroin overdose deaths. It also evaluates the effectiveness of some state laws and programs aimed at reducing doctor shopping and responding to overdoses. Some promising policy strategies discussed include reducing inappropriate prescribing, focusing on overdose response, improving prescription drug monitoring programs, and linking overdose victims to treatment.
Drugs Society and Human Behavior 15th Edition Hart Test Bankbitypicowi
Full download http://alibabadownload.com/product/drugs-society-and-human-behavior-15th-edition-hart-test-bank/
Drugs Society and Human Behavior 15th Edition Hart Test Bank
This document discusses the link between marijuana use and mental illness. It outlines several studies that have found regular marijuana use increases the risk of developing psychotic illnesses like schizophrenia, especially for those with a family history or who start using in adolescence. The document also discusses the experiences in Colorado since legalizing marijuana, including an increase in marijuana-related emergency room visits and traffic deaths involving marijuana. The authors argue for a "smart approach" to marijuana policy that decreases access and availability, especially to youth, through prevention programs and increased treatment options rather than an "all or nothing" legalization vs prohibition debate.
The document analyzes health-related claims made on electronic cigarette manufacturer and retailer websites. It finds that the vast majority of sites make at least one health claim, with modified risk claims and secondhand smoke claims being most common. A legal analysis determines that many of these claims require FDA review and authorization under current regulations. The study demonstrates that online marketing of e-cigarettes emphasizes potential benefits while minimizing possible harms, posing a risk of misleading consumers.
The document summarizes research on pharmaceutical disposal options in Santa Clara County. It conducted stakeholder interviews, public surveys, GIS mapping of drop-off locations, and case studies of different programs. The research found that the public has low awareness of safe disposal but is open to convenient drop-off locations. It also found that improper disposal negatively impacts public health and the environment. Stakeholders like small pharmacies support producer-funded drug take-back programs, while PhRMA prefers a federally-run program. The document concludes that public education, funding, and government action are all needed to address the issue safely and equitably for all stakeholders.
This document provides an overview of state prescription drug monitoring programs (PMPs) and summarizes their status and operations. It finds that 44 states currently operate PMPs that collect prescription data, with most programs housed in health departments or related agencies. States fund PMPs through various means like grants, state appropriations, and licensing/registration fees. Fourteen states receive funding from licensing and registration fees specifically. The overview examines PMP laws and operations to assist policymakers in addressing prescription drug abuse, addiction, and diversion.
This document summarizes a presentation on data-driven trends related to prescription drug abuse. It outlines national trends in doctor shopping, overdoses, drugged driving, and opioid/heroin overdose deaths. It also evaluates the effectiveness of some state laws and programs aimed at reducing doctor shopping and responding to overdoses. Some promising policy strategies discussed include reducing inappropriate prescribing, focusing on overdose response, improving prescription drug monitoring programs, and linking overdose victims to treatment.
Drugs Society and Human Behavior 15th Edition Hart Test Bankbitypicowi
Full download http://alibabadownload.com/product/drugs-society-and-human-behavior-15th-edition-hart-test-bank/
Drugs Society and Human Behavior 15th Edition Hart Test Bank
This document discusses the link between marijuana use and mental illness. It outlines several studies that have found regular marijuana use increases the risk of developing psychotic illnesses like schizophrenia, especially for those with a family history or who start using in adolescence. The document also discusses the experiences in Colorado since legalizing marijuana, including an increase in marijuana-related emergency room visits and traffic deaths involving marijuana. The authors argue for a "smart approach" to marijuana policy that decreases access and availability, especially to youth, through prevention programs and increased treatment options rather than an "all or nothing" legalization vs prohibition debate.
This document discusses the health impacts of toxic chemicals in consumer products and the environment. It notes that childhood cancers, fertility issues, developmental problems, and learning disabilities are on the rise and linked to chemical exposures. Voters strongly support policies to require safety testing of chemicals and disclosure of toxic chemicals in products. The document advocates updating laws to reduce chemical exposures in order to improve public health and the economy by creating market incentives for safer alternatives.
This article examines issues related to integrating drug treatment systems for criminal justice offenders. It discusses how the demand for treatment far exceeds availability for the large number of offenders who have substance use disorders. Most treatment provided in correctional settings is insufficient, such as self-help groups without clinical treatment. When offenders are released, continuity of treatment is often lacking. The article argues more needs to be done to apply lessons from research on effective community-based treatment to the criminal justice system. This includes providing clinically appropriate treatment matched to offenders' needs and integrating services as offenders transition between community supervision and incarceration.
Web only rx16 len wed_1230_1_daugherty_2baier-haasOPUNITE
This document summarizes a presentation on investigating and prosecuting drug-related homicides. It discusses signs that can indicate an overdose death, such as the presence of drugs, track marks, and foam coming from the mouth. It emphasizes treating the death scene like a homicide scene by thoroughly photographing and collecting all potential evidence. This includes searching for drug packaging, needles, phones and surveillance footage. The document also outlines interviewing witnesses to build a timeline and identify the victim's source of drugs. It suggests attempting a controlled buy from suspects to obtain contemporaneous drug samples and strengthen cases.
This research proposal aims to evaluate the effect of recreational marijuana policy on opioid overdose deaths using a differences-in-differences analysis. The researcher hypothesizes that states legalizing recreational marijuana use will see a decrease in opioid overdose deaths, suggesting that recreational marijuana and opioids are substitutes. The proposal outlines data sources and methodology, and reviews literature showing an opioid overdose epidemic in the US but zero reported deaths from marijuana overdose. It argues legal access to controlled marijuana may lower opioid overdose deaths by providing a safer pain relief substitute.
This document provides an overview of the debate around whether marijuana should be legalized in the United States. It outlines some of the key arguments on both sides of the issue, including potential benefits such as reduced drug costs and trafficking versus potential harms such as increased addiction and traffic accidents. The document also provides background on marijuana and its current legal status in different states.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Demetra Ashley of the DEA about regulations and efforts to address the prescription drug abuse epidemic. It discusses how most prescription drug abuse involves obtaining medications from friends and family, not through criminal means. The DEA works with various groups to educate on responsible prescribing and dispensing through initiatives like take-back events and conferences. The goal is to curb abuse while ensuring access to needed medications through enforcement as well as prevention and treatment efforts.
Safe Prescribing Practices Conference for Medical Professionals, June 2013Heidi Denton
Participants will:
Report their intent to support and/or actively work towards incorporating best practices in responsible prescribing guidelines into their everyday practice of medicine.
Report an increased knowledge of the Michigan Automated Prescription System (MAPS) and the benefits of reporting regularly to MAPS.
Report intent to support and/or actively work towards incorporating consistent use of the MAPS into their everyday practice of prescribing controlled substances.
Report that at the training they received easy to use tools that can help them to better educate their patients on the importance of taking medications as prescribed.
Gain an increased knowledge of local, state, and national substance abuse and mental health treatment resources.
The document analyzes how smoking affects medical insurance costs, particularly for Meat&ChikenCo's branch in Arkansas. A regression analysis found smoking to be the single largest factor contributing to higher insurance costs, followed by gender. Medical costs were highest in Arkansas, which also had the highest smoking rates compared to other regions. Therefore, the high medical insurance expenditures for the Arkansas branch are primarily due to its higher number of smokers.
Correcting Over 50 Years of Tobacco Industry MisinformationGeorgi Daskalov
This study evaluated the effectiveness of different versions of corrective statements about smoking that were proposed to a U.S. Federal Court. 239 adult smokers viewed one of five versions of corrective statements on topics like health risks and addiction. The statements increased knowledge about smoking risks, though effects diminished after a week. Statements from the Department of Justice and others elicited stronger emotional responses and were seen as more persuasive. An emotive pictorial statement was best recalled and drew attention fastest. All statements helped correct false beliefs, but sustained impact likely requires repeated exposure.
This document discusses issues surrounding the legalization of marijuana in the United States. It addresses concerns from those opposed to legalization about increased adolescent abuse and impacts to the pharmaceutical industry. Questions are raised about how legalization could benefit the economy and which medical conditions marijuana could treat as an alternative to prescription drugs. Sources of information cited include WebMD, CQResearcher Database, and the American Psychological Association Database.
ARTICLE -- Why Doesn't Every State Mandate ...Alix Michel
Prescription drug overdoses have increased four-fold over the past decade, resulting in over 16,500 deaths per year from opioids alone. Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) can help address this issue by allowing prescribers and pharmacists to identify patients receiving multiple prescriptions or "doctor shopping." While 49 states have PDMPs, less than half mandate their use by prescribers. States that require use, such as Tennessee, Virginia, New York and Ohio, have seen significant reductions in doctor shopping and overdoses. However, not all states mandate use due to concerns over increased workload for providers, lack of interconnectivity between state PDMPs, and insufficient resources and staffing of the programs.
The document summarizes key data from the Marijuana Prevention Initiative regarding youth marijuana use in San Diego County. It finds that marijuana use among 9th and 11th graders has increased over time, with 26% of 9th graders and 39% of 11th graders reporting lifetime use in 2011. Additionally, 20% of high school juniors reported using marijuana in the past 30 days. Perceptions of harm have also declined among youth. The data aims to inform prevention efforts in San Diego County.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - CruzCannabisSummit
This document summarizes research on cannabis legalization in Uruguay. It discusses four areas of focus: public opinion analysis, impact on frequent consumers, cannabis clubs, and retail distribution. The presentation specifically discusses national surveys showing most Uruguayans initially disagreed with legalization but viewed medical cannabis and state intervention favorably, though many felt use had increased. However, data on use was inconsistent. Implementation of the cannabis law faces challenges of general disapproval, concerns over pharmacy distribution, and needs better communication and prevention strategies.
The document discusses trends in methamphetamine use and related harms across the United States based on data from national surveys and treatment centers. It finds that:
1) Methamphetamine use and overdose deaths more than doubled from 2010-2014, though rates remain lower than other drugs.
2) Treatment admissions for methamphetamine surpassed cocaine admissions from 2013-2015 and increased 17% from 2011-2015.
3) Over 70% of law enforcement agencies in the Pacific and West Central regions reported methamphetamine as the greatest drug threat in their areas.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - FortinCannabisSummit
1) The document analyzes cannabis policy and markets in Colorado following legalization of recreational cannabis.
2) It finds evidence that the recreational market is cannibalizing the medical market, especially in tourist counties, but is also expanding overall demand.
3) A dual pricing scheme, with lower prices for medical patients and higher prices for recreational users, has successfully achieved price discrimination and appears optimal for balancing economic and social outcomes.
The document summarizes two common myths about legalizing drugs and provides facts to counter these myths. It argues that illicit drugs are more dangerous than legal drugs like alcohol and tobacco, and that legalization would not necessarily reduce crime and may actually increase some crimes related to drug use. While legalization could reduce distribution crimes by making them legal, it may also fuel drug habits and result in more drug-related crimes through effects like paranoia and violence caused by increased drug use and availability. The document concludes free drugs or legalizing dangerous substances would not turn criminal addicts into productive members of society.
ER visits for opioid overdoses is rising in the U.S. Accurate ER reports from medical transcription services and proactive action can help minimize risks.
This document discusses establishing a supervised injection facility (SIF) in Denver, Colorado to help address rising drug overdose rates. It provides background on SIFs, which have operated for decades in Europe, Australia, and Canada to reduce public drug use, needle sharing, and overdoses. The proposed study would assess Denver's potential for a SIF through interviews with people who inject drugs and community stakeholders, as well as analyses of spatial mapping and costs/benefits. Recommendations would then be made on next steps for implementing a SIF in Denver.
This document provides information on syringe access services as a harm reduction and disease prevention intervention. It discusses the benefits of syringe access programs in reducing HIV and HCV transmission as well as their cost effectiveness. The document outlines different models of syringe access programs and considerations for starting a new program, including conducting a needs assessment, recommended equipment, and the importance of practicing drug user cultural competency. Contact information is provided for technical assistance from The Harm Reduction Coalition.
The document provides information about the Harm Reduction Conference 2014 including its mission statement, objectives, and list of presenters and their abstracts. Specifically, it includes:
- The mission statement of Harm Reduction Coalition which promotes health and dignity for individuals impacted by drug use.
- The conference objectives which include providing a safe forum for harm reduction information exchange and encouraging dialogue between diverse individuals.
- Abstracts from various presenters on topics like partnering with LGBTQ youth, providing buprenorphine treatment in grassroots settings, no condoms as evidence campaigns, declining overdose death trends in Puerto Rico, and individualizing services to meet client needs.
This document discusses the health impacts of toxic chemicals in consumer products and the environment. It notes that childhood cancers, fertility issues, developmental problems, and learning disabilities are on the rise and linked to chemical exposures. Voters strongly support policies to require safety testing of chemicals and disclosure of toxic chemicals in products. The document advocates updating laws to reduce chemical exposures in order to improve public health and the economy by creating market incentives for safer alternatives.
This article examines issues related to integrating drug treatment systems for criminal justice offenders. It discusses how the demand for treatment far exceeds availability for the large number of offenders who have substance use disorders. Most treatment provided in correctional settings is insufficient, such as self-help groups without clinical treatment. When offenders are released, continuity of treatment is often lacking. The article argues more needs to be done to apply lessons from research on effective community-based treatment to the criminal justice system. This includes providing clinically appropriate treatment matched to offenders' needs and integrating services as offenders transition between community supervision and incarceration.
Web only rx16 len wed_1230_1_daugherty_2baier-haasOPUNITE
This document summarizes a presentation on investigating and prosecuting drug-related homicides. It discusses signs that can indicate an overdose death, such as the presence of drugs, track marks, and foam coming from the mouth. It emphasizes treating the death scene like a homicide scene by thoroughly photographing and collecting all potential evidence. This includes searching for drug packaging, needles, phones and surveillance footage. The document also outlines interviewing witnesses to build a timeline and identify the victim's source of drugs. It suggests attempting a controlled buy from suspects to obtain contemporaneous drug samples and strengthen cases.
This research proposal aims to evaluate the effect of recreational marijuana policy on opioid overdose deaths using a differences-in-differences analysis. The researcher hypothesizes that states legalizing recreational marijuana use will see a decrease in opioid overdose deaths, suggesting that recreational marijuana and opioids are substitutes. The proposal outlines data sources and methodology, and reviews literature showing an opioid overdose epidemic in the US but zero reported deaths from marijuana overdose. It argues legal access to controlled marijuana may lower opioid overdose deaths by providing a safer pain relief substitute.
This document provides an overview of the debate around whether marijuana should be legalized in the United States. It outlines some of the key arguments on both sides of the issue, including potential benefits such as reduced drug costs and trafficking versus potential harms such as increased addiction and traffic accidents. The document also provides background on marijuana and its current legal status in different states.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Demetra Ashley of the DEA about regulations and efforts to address the prescription drug abuse epidemic. It discusses how most prescription drug abuse involves obtaining medications from friends and family, not through criminal means. The DEA works with various groups to educate on responsible prescribing and dispensing through initiatives like take-back events and conferences. The goal is to curb abuse while ensuring access to needed medications through enforcement as well as prevention and treatment efforts.
Safe Prescribing Practices Conference for Medical Professionals, June 2013Heidi Denton
Participants will:
Report their intent to support and/or actively work towards incorporating best practices in responsible prescribing guidelines into their everyday practice of medicine.
Report an increased knowledge of the Michigan Automated Prescription System (MAPS) and the benefits of reporting regularly to MAPS.
Report intent to support and/or actively work towards incorporating consistent use of the MAPS into their everyday practice of prescribing controlled substances.
Report that at the training they received easy to use tools that can help them to better educate their patients on the importance of taking medications as prescribed.
Gain an increased knowledge of local, state, and national substance abuse and mental health treatment resources.
The document analyzes how smoking affects medical insurance costs, particularly for Meat&ChikenCo's branch in Arkansas. A regression analysis found smoking to be the single largest factor contributing to higher insurance costs, followed by gender. Medical costs were highest in Arkansas, which also had the highest smoking rates compared to other regions. Therefore, the high medical insurance expenditures for the Arkansas branch are primarily due to its higher number of smokers.
Correcting Over 50 Years of Tobacco Industry MisinformationGeorgi Daskalov
This study evaluated the effectiveness of different versions of corrective statements about smoking that were proposed to a U.S. Federal Court. 239 adult smokers viewed one of five versions of corrective statements on topics like health risks and addiction. The statements increased knowledge about smoking risks, though effects diminished after a week. Statements from the Department of Justice and others elicited stronger emotional responses and were seen as more persuasive. An emotive pictorial statement was best recalled and drew attention fastest. All statements helped correct false beliefs, but sustained impact likely requires repeated exposure.
This document discusses issues surrounding the legalization of marijuana in the United States. It addresses concerns from those opposed to legalization about increased adolescent abuse and impacts to the pharmaceutical industry. Questions are raised about how legalization could benefit the economy and which medical conditions marijuana could treat as an alternative to prescription drugs. Sources of information cited include WebMD, CQResearcher Database, and the American Psychological Association Database.
ARTICLE -- Why Doesn't Every State Mandate ...Alix Michel
Prescription drug overdoses have increased four-fold over the past decade, resulting in over 16,500 deaths per year from opioids alone. Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) can help address this issue by allowing prescribers and pharmacists to identify patients receiving multiple prescriptions or "doctor shopping." While 49 states have PDMPs, less than half mandate their use by prescribers. States that require use, such as Tennessee, Virginia, New York and Ohio, have seen significant reductions in doctor shopping and overdoses. However, not all states mandate use due to concerns over increased workload for providers, lack of interconnectivity between state PDMPs, and insufficient resources and staffing of the programs.
The document summarizes key data from the Marijuana Prevention Initiative regarding youth marijuana use in San Diego County. It finds that marijuana use among 9th and 11th graders has increased over time, with 26% of 9th graders and 39% of 11th graders reporting lifetime use in 2011. Additionally, 20% of high school juniors reported using marijuana in the past 30 days. Perceptions of harm have also declined among youth. The data aims to inform prevention efforts in San Diego County.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - CruzCannabisSummit
This document summarizes research on cannabis legalization in Uruguay. It discusses four areas of focus: public opinion analysis, impact on frequent consumers, cannabis clubs, and retail distribution. The presentation specifically discusses national surveys showing most Uruguayans initially disagreed with legalization but viewed medical cannabis and state intervention favorably, though many felt use had increased. However, data on use was inconsistent. Implementation of the cannabis law faces challenges of general disapproval, concerns over pharmacy distribution, and needs better communication and prevention strategies.
The document discusses trends in methamphetamine use and related harms across the United States based on data from national surveys and treatment centers. It finds that:
1) Methamphetamine use and overdose deaths more than doubled from 2010-2014, though rates remain lower than other drugs.
2) Treatment admissions for methamphetamine surpassed cocaine admissions from 2013-2015 and increased 17% from 2011-2015.
3) Over 70% of law enforcement agencies in the Pacific and West Central regions reported methamphetamine as the greatest drug threat in their areas.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - FortinCannabisSummit
1) The document analyzes cannabis policy and markets in Colorado following legalization of recreational cannabis.
2) It finds evidence that the recreational market is cannibalizing the medical market, especially in tourist counties, but is also expanding overall demand.
3) A dual pricing scheme, with lower prices for medical patients and higher prices for recreational users, has successfully achieved price discrimination and appears optimal for balancing economic and social outcomes.
The document summarizes two common myths about legalizing drugs and provides facts to counter these myths. It argues that illicit drugs are more dangerous than legal drugs like alcohol and tobacco, and that legalization would not necessarily reduce crime and may actually increase some crimes related to drug use. While legalization could reduce distribution crimes by making them legal, it may also fuel drug habits and result in more drug-related crimes through effects like paranoia and violence caused by increased drug use and availability. The document concludes free drugs or legalizing dangerous substances would not turn criminal addicts into productive members of society.
ER visits for opioid overdoses is rising in the U.S. Accurate ER reports from medical transcription services and proactive action can help minimize risks.
This document discusses establishing a supervised injection facility (SIF) in Denver, Colorado to help address rising drug overdose rates. It provides background on SIFs, which have operated for decades in Europe, Australia, and Canada to reduce public drug use, needle sharing, and overdoses. The proposed study would assess Denver's potential for a SIF through interviews with people who inject drugs and community stakeholders, as well as analyses of spatial mapping and costs/benefits. Recommendations would then be made on next steps for implementing a SIF in Denver.
This document provides information on syringe access services as a harm reduction and disease prevention intervention. It discusses the benefits of syringe access programs in reducing HIV and HCV transmission as well as their cost effectiveness. The document outlines different models of syringe access programs and considerations for starting a new program, including conducting a needs assessment, recommended equipment, and the importance of practicing drug user cultural competency. Contact information is provided for technical assistance from The Harm Reduction Coalition.
The document provides information about the Harm Reduction Conference 2014 including its mission statement, objectives, and list of presenters and their abstracts. Specifically, it includes:
- The mission statement of Harm Reduction Coalition which promotes health and dignity for individuals impacted by drug use.
- The conference objectives which include providing a safe forum for harm reduction information exchange and encouraging dialogue between diverse individuals.
- Abstracts from various presenters on topics like partnering with LGBTQ youth, providing buprenorphine treatment in grassroots settings, no condoms as evidence campaigns, declining overdose death trends in Puerto Rico, and individualizing services to meet client needs.
This document discusses harm reduction strategies and syringe exchange programs (SEPs). It provides evidence that SEPs are effective in preventing HIV and hepatitis C by allowing for safe disposal of used needles and connecting injection drug users to medical care. The document reviews how SEPs make communities safer by reducing improperly discarded syringes, protect first responders from needlestick injuries, and do not increase crime rates. SEPs are also cost-effective by saving millions in avoided healthcare costs from prevented infections. The discussion aims to increase support for SEPs by addressing common myths and concerns.
Running head DRUG TRAFFICKING2DRUG TRAFFICKING2.docxtodd271
Running head: DRUG TRAFFICKING 2
DRUG TRAFFICKING 2
Drug trafficking
Name
Course
Instructor
University
Date
Drug trafficking
Trafficking of drugs is a major problem in my area and my desire is to stop this activity by employing various strategies to ensure it has reduced. This research topic is important to address in my community as it will focus on the trafficking vice that has affected so many youths and identify those that are associated with these actions. Most of the government officials are engaged in this activity and through corruption, they use governments funds to conduct their business (Bagley & Rosen, 2015). Cartels in charge of trafficking have been supplied with weapons to safeguard their shipment and most of the youths are employed as guards. It is like the entire community is working for the cartels, especially in the labs to processes drugs.
Four questions to investigate
Who are the associates of drug trafficking?
This question is hard to answer as most of those doing this illegal business maintain a low profile. But according to a research that was done some years back, it was clear that some of the government officials are the main leaders for this activity and they relate with other cartels who are suspected to do drug trafficking. Everyone in the community is silent with the ongoing business for the sake of their employment in the labs (Bagley & Rosen, 2015). Basically, the illegal weapon access by cartels is by the help of corrupted government officials who are related to the business. Drug trafficking is done with ease as the police have been warned not to interfere with the shipping even if it is their role.
To what extend have their business reached?
Over the past years, drug trafficking has been in business and their shipment is now done outside the country. Growth in this business has also negatively impacted the airport security and by use of planes, shipping is carried out. Not forgetting shipping of drugs along the ocean, which takes a lot of time for the government to trace but no action is taken (Felson & Staff, 2017).
In what ways should the government intervene?
If all corrupted officials are removed from the government, then measures to stop these activities can be done. The government can implement advance methods such as investigations and detention for all those who are found doing drug trafficking. It should also visit those labs and shut them down even if they employ a lot of people in the community (Felson & Staff, 2017). The latter should be taken care of by allocations of employments to the people.
What should the government do to ensure no drug trafficking rule is maintained?
For this action to be maintained, the government should put up educative programs on the effects of drugs and alternatives works to do to avoid idleness. It should also put harsh treatments to all those who are planning to continue with this business. The two measures will impact the people positively .
This document summarizes a report about opioid overdose and the use of naloxone to reverse overdoses. It discusses how opioid overdose is a complex issue with many contributing factors. While naloxone is effective for reversing overdoses, policies around its use require careful consideration of evidence and stakeholder perspectives given the wide-ranging consequences. The report examines British Columbia's decision to allow first responders to administer naloxone, and argues that issues like opioid overdose are "wicked problems" requiring collaborative policymaking between stakeholders through network governance rather than authoritative action by any single agency.
Benefits and Challenges of Generating Community ParticipationChantellPantoja184
Benefits and Challenges of Generating Community Participation
Leonard A. Jason
DePaul University
This article conveys important and useful information that practitioners can apply in their day-to-day
professional lives by including citizen– consumer– client participation in their work. Three collaborative
action projects are described that yielded significant benefits both for local communities and broader
policy. These interventions, which were on topics as diverse as tobacco use among youth, recidivism
among substance abusers, and chronic fatigue syndrome, were greatly enhanced by the involvement of
citizens. The case studies are presented in such a way that the reader has a sense of how, when, and in
what ways the interventions were collaborative as well as what the outcomes have been vis-à-vis public
policy. The article is intended to encourage professional psychologists to collaborate more fully with
community groups in efforts to expand and improve behavioral health services and policies.
Keywords: citizen participation, public policy, collaboration, community psychology
You might ask why practitioners would be interested in activity
involving community members in their work. With busy practices,
multiple obligations, and an increasingly hectic work world, add-
ing another set of responsibilities might seem to be burdensome
and even counterproductive. Yet, it is very possible that our work
could be immeasurably enriched by obtaining greater involvement
from citizens– consumers– clients. In fact, such work might even
make for more relevant assessments and interventions as well as
better relationships and cooperation with community partners and
local organizations. These types of rich collaborative efforts could
even help bring added attention, publicity, and even public policy
benefits. In fact, whether you are implementing individual-level
interventions at the local level or larger-scale public health projects
at the community or state level, you probably are going to be
involved in making some decisions regarding behavioral health
policies.
In this article, some of the benefits and challenges of mobilizing
citizen participation will be reviewed. Clearly, these collaborations
have important implications for practitioners. For example, it is
possible that bringing community members into our work might
help us better prioritize the needs and interests of our clients and
participants (Chataway, 2001). In addition, a relationship based on
meaningful citizen involvement may be a critical factor for the
sustainability of community efforts (Altman, 1995). In a sense,
there are multiple worthy rationales for citizen participation, in-
cluding its potential in sensitizing, prioritizing, and sustaining
intervention and research efforts, and these collaborative efforts
might also ultimately help us even influence public policy. But
before dealing with these very practical matters, let me first de-
scribe some basic terms that involve the co ...
Amy Arnold works in various departments at a local North Carolina hospital and has gained experience in emergency department, medical staff office, information technology, performance improvement, and health information management over six years. In her blogs, she will discuss topics related to the evolution of health informatics, legal and ethical aspects of health information management, the role of statistics in health sciences, the impact of integrating electronic medical records, current health information systems, and continuous quality monitoring and accreditation in healthcare.
Amy Arnold works in various departments at a local North Carolina hospital and has gained experience in emergency department, medical staff office, information technology, performance improvement, and health information management over six years. She is interested in the role of health informatics in healthcare. Over six blog posts, she will discuss the evolution of health informatics, legal and ethical issues in health information management, the use and impact of statistics and electronic medical records in healthcare, current health information systems, and continuous quality monitoring and accreditation.
Amy Arnold works in various departments at a local North Carolina hospital and has gained experience in emergency department, medical staff office, information technology, performance improvement, and health information management over six years. She is interested in the role of health informatics in healthcare. Over six blog posts, she will discuss the evolution of health informatics, legal and ethical issues in health information management, the use and impact of statistics and electronic medical records in healthcare, current health information systems, and continuous quality monitoring and accreditation.
http://ssrn.com/abstract=1478214
Contrary to what many marketers claim, most adult Americans (66%) do not want marketers to tailor advertisements to their interests.
Flirting is Not Consent. Ask Everyone, Every Time” DesiShainaBoling829
“Flirting is Not Consent.
Ask Everyone, Every Time”
Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating a Health
Communication Campaign to Prevent Sexual Violence
CASESin PUBLIC HEALTHCOMMUNICATION & MARKETING
Peer-Reviewed Case Study
Suggested citation: Haas, E.J.; Mattson, M.; Wilkinson, K. “Flirting is Not Consent. Ask Everyone,
Every Time”: Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating a Health Communication Campaign to Prevent
Sexual Violence. Cases in Public Health Communication & Marketing. 2011;5:47-74. Available from:
www.casesjournal.org/volume5.
Volume V, Winter 2011
Emily Joy Haas, MA 1
Marifran Mattson, PhD 2
Kathlyn Wilkinson, MPH 3
www.casesjournal.org
1 Purdue University, Indiana Campus Sexual Assault Primary Prevention Project
and Brian Lamb School of Communication
2 Purdue University, Brian Lamb School of Communication
3 Purdue University, Student Health Center
Corresponding Author:
Emily Joy Haas, Purdue University Student Health Center,
601 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2052. Email: [email protected]
48
www.casesjournal.org
Abstract
Research shows that sexual assault is one of the most pervasive
problems on college and university campuses. Some research also
indicates that sexual assault is the most common violent crime
committed in campus communities. This case study describes and
analyzes the development, implementation and evaluation of a
social marketing campaign for a university committed to the pri-
mary prevention of sexual violence. The Health Communication
Campaign Framework provided theoretical and practical guidance
for the working group during all phases of the campaign process.
Campaign messages were designed to educate students about what
consent is and to increase their comfort level in obtaining verbal,
sober consent before having sex. The campaign also is critically
analyzed with recommendations for how to address a sensitive is-
sue, such as sexual violence, in messages displayed throughout a
campus community.
Key Words: Social Marketing, Health Communication Campaign
Framework, Sexual Violence, Primary Prevention, Message Design
49
www.casesjournal.org
Introduction
Sexual violence is one of the most pervasive
problems on college and university cam-
puses,1 and the most common violent crime
committed in campus communities.2 Sexual
violence encompasses a range of offenses
that are perpetrated against someone’s will,
including a completed, nonconsensual sex
act; an attempted nonconsensual sex act;
and an abusive sexual contact.3 Every two
minutes someone is raped in the United
States (U.S.) and the chances of being raped
are four times greater for a female college
student than any other individual.4 Re-
search suggests that 3% of college women
are raped during a nine month academic
period and 20-25% of women experience a
completed or attempted rape during their
four to five years spent in college.5 Also,
a study of experiences among college stu-
d ...
STA 544Homework 1Work on the following problem set and show yo.docxsusanschei
STA 544
Homework 1
Work on the following problem set and show your works within the document. Use SPSS as much as possible.
Chapter 1
1. What types of activities other than “calculations” and “math” are associated with the practice of statistics?
2. Define the term measurement.
3. List the three main measurement scales addressed in this chapter.
4. What type of measurement assigns a name to each observation?
5. What type of measurement is based on categories that can be put in rank order?
6. What type of measurement assigns a numerical value that permits for meaningful mathematical operations for each observation?
7. What does GIGO stand for?
8. Provide synonyms for categorical data.
9. Provide synonyms for quantitative data.
10. What is the difference between imprecision and bias
11. How is imprecision quantified?
Chapter 2
1. Controlled-release morphine in patients with chronic cancer pain. Warfield reviewed 10 studies comparing the effectiveness of controlled-release and immediate-release morphine in cancer patients with chronic pain. The studies that were reviewed were double blinded. How would you double blind such studies?
2. What is the general goal of a statistical survey?
3. What is the general goal of a comparative statistical study?
4. What is the key distinction between experimental studies and observational studies?
5. Campus survey. A researcher conducts a survey to learn about the sexual behavior of college students on a particular campus. A list of the undergraduates at the university is used to select participants. The investigator sends out 500 surveys but only 136 are returned.
a. Consider how the low response rate could bias the results of this study.
b. Speculate on potential limitations in the quality of information the researcher will receive on questionnaires that are returned.
6. A study seeks to determine the effect of postmenopausal hormone use on mortality. What is the explanatory variable in this study? What is the response variable?
7. MRFIT. The MRFIT study discussed in an earlier illustrative example studied 12,866 high-risk men between 35 and 57 years of age. Approximately half the study subjects were randomly assigned to a special care group; the other half received their usual source of care. Death from coronary disease was monitored over the next seven or so years. Outline this study’s design in schematic form.
8. Five-City Project. The Stanford Five-City Project is a comprehensive community health education study of five moderately sized Northern California towns. Multiple-risk factor intervention strategies were randomly applied to two of the communities. The other three cities served as controls. Outline the design of this study in schematic form.
By applying factors in combination, experiments can study more than one factor at a time.
paper
by Xx xx
Submission date: 16-Mar-2020 03:51AM (UTC-0400)
Submission ID: 1276359854
File name: internationaldrugtrafficking1.docx (24.71K)
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Breakthrough Strategies in Prevention Education: The Intersection of Alcohol ...Maria Candelaria
Get an overview of the most current research exploring the nexus between alcohol use and sexual assault, and consideration of the impact on those who commit, experience, or witness harm. Our presenters will share practical approaches for strengthening your strategic prevention plan through spotlights on successful interventions.
The document summarizes a health consumerism survey conducted in North Texas. The survey aimed to understand patient preferences and experiences accessing healthcare. It collected both qualitative and quantitative data through an online and paper-based questionnaire distributed across Tarrant County. Key findings included high levels of patient satisfaction overall with provider communication and care coordination. However, some areas for improvement were identified such as encouraging patients to ask questions and using visual aids. The survey also found that the majority of respondents were not willing to have someone monitor their medications due to privacy concerns. Education levels did not impact understanding of provider explanations. The results provide insights into patient behaviors and opportunities to further engage consumers in their healthcare.
Kyle molina harm reduction midterm project unm crp 275 community change in a ...Dr. J
Currently our country is experiencing a national health crisis of opiate use and opiate related overdoses, with the corona virus causing these problems to only get worse. In 2019 the number of drug overdoses in the United States rose by 4.6% , for a total of 70,980, with 50,042 involving opioids (American Hospital Association, 2020)
It is estimated around 130 people die each day due to overdose and since 2010 a total of 400,000 deaths have occurred (DrugAbuse.Gov)
Following national trends New Mexico has seen an increase in reported overdoses since the early 2000s and in 2018 63.0% of drug overdose deaths involved opioids with a total of more than 338 fatalities.(DrugAbuse.Gov)
Transmission of bloodborne diseases such as HIV and Hepatitis C is also an issue among the population who use intravenously.
Jasper Social Touching Class Data SP18 (1).savstatistics.jnl.docxchristiandean12115
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Legislative Worksheet (SBAR Format) – How a Bill Becomes a Law
SITUATION: IS THIS SOMETHING THAN CAN BE LEGISLATED?
1. Identify the problem/concern:
1. State your proposal/idea.
BACKGROUND: DO YOUR RESEARCH
1. Include studies, reports, personal experience, or anecdotal stories related to your proposal.
1. Has there been similar legislation introduced and/or passed in other states? If so, include it.
ASSESSMENT: FINANCES AND STAKEHOLDERS
1. Identify financial impact if any (e.g., added costs, cost savings, increased revenue):
1. Identify stakeholder groups that would support this bill:
1. Identify people/groups that would oppose this bill:
RECOMMENDATION
1. Make an appointment with your legislator to discuss your proposal.
Legislative Worksheet (SBAR Format) –
How a Bill Becomes a Law
SITUATION: IS THIS SOMETHING THAN CAN BE LEGISLATED?
· Identify the problem/concern: (Identify a problem you have noticed that you would liked changedand describe it)
· State your proposal/idea. (Create a proposal that you would like to see made into a law related to your problem. This can be your community or state or the country)
BACKGROUND: DO YOU.
This document summarizes the key points from an annual state meeting on substance abuse prevention. It discusses the 8 strategic initiatives identified by SAMHSA, including the prevention of substance abuse and mental illness. The initiatives aim to promote emotional health and reduce risks in communities, schools, and workplaces. It also highlights the emphasis on mental health, given the high costs of untreated behavioral disorders. As prevention professionals, this initiative provides an opportunity to expand influence and bridge the fields of prevention and treatment. An example program from Riverside County that used problem identification and referral is discussed, showing cost savings and positive participant outcomes.
Overview of the 2018 Update to the Integrated Plan and PrEP Workgroup Draft R...Office of HIV Planning
Mari Ross-Russell (Office of HIV Planning) and Matthew McClain (Public Health Policy & Planning Consultant) presented these slides to the PrEP Workgroup of the Philadelphia EMA HIV Integrated Planning Council on January 16, 2019.
Dr. William R. Short presented this review of PrEP research from the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections to the PrEP Workgroup of the HIPC's Prevention Committee in April 2018.
Sebastian Branca of the AIDS Activities Coordinating Office provided this overview of AACO's quality management program to the HIV Integrated Planning Council on May 10, 2018. This presentation includes discussion of secret shoppers, quality improvement plans, and quality management initiatives.
C-YA! Philadelphia EMA's Plan to Connect our Co-infected Community to a Cure ...Office of HIV Planning
Alex Shirreffs of the Philadelphia Department of Public Health provided this overview of the Philadelphia area's plan to end HIV and Hepatitis C coinfections to the HIV Integrated Planning Council on May 10, 2018.
The document outlines information about the Client Services Unit (CSU) of the AIDS Activities Coordinating Office (AACO) in Philadelphia. It discusses the CSU's mission to help and advocate for people living with HIV/AIDS. It provides data on the 1976 client intakes completed in 2017, including demographics and most common needs. It also describes the transition of AACO's Housing Services Program to the City's Office of Homeless Services and details the consumer feedback process for AACO-funded services.
This presentation was provided to the Philadelphia EMA HIV Integrated Planning Council by Briana Morgan of the Office of HIV Planning. It includes data related to population-level data, race/ethnicity, STIs, risk behaviors, HIV, and more.
This document summarizes disparities in Philadelphia's HIV continuum of care. It identifies several priority populations that experience lower rates of HIV status awareness, retention in medical care, and viral load suppression. These include racial/ethnic minority youth, transgender persons who have sex with men, heterosexual men of color, and persons who inject drugs. The document also finds geographic disparities, with lower continuum measures in collar counties surrounding Philadelphia. It concludes by recommending several areas for action to decrease disparities, such as increasing PrEP access, HIV testing, and linkage to and retention in medical care.
Increasing Treatment Access and Saving Lives in the Dual Opioid and Overdose ...Office of HIV Planning
Silvana Mazzella of Prevention Point Philadelphia gave this presentation on medication assisted treatment to the Philadelphia EMA HIV Integrated Planning Council on March 8, 2018.
Dr. Kathleen Brady of the AIDS Activities Coordinating Office discussed three cycles of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance in Philadelphia, including cycles with men who have sex with men (MSM), high-risk heterosexuals, and injection drug users. This presentation took place at the Philadelphia EMA HIV Integrated Planning Council meeting on Thursday, January 11, 2018.
Caitlin Conyngham and Erika Aaron of the AIDS Activities Coordinating Office began the initial meeting of the PrEP Working Group with this presentation on November 15, 2017.
Antonio Boone of the Office of HIV Planning reviewed major points from the Mayor's Task Force to Combat the Opioid Epidemic in Philadelphia at the June 12, 2017 Positive Committee meeting.
Marcy Witherspoon, MSW, LSW of the Health Federation of Philadelphia discussed trauma-informed care with the Philadelphia EMA HIV Integrated Planning Council on November 9, 2018.
OHP's Antonio Boone gave this presentation on different prevention continuum examples at the July meeting of the Prevention Committee of the Philadelphia EMA HIV Integrated Planning Council.
Integrated HIV Surveillance and Prevention Programs for Health Departments - ...Office of HIV Planning
Caitlin Conyngham, Prevention Coordinator at the AIDS Activities Coordinating Office at the Philadelphia Department of Public Health, gave an overview of the new HIV prevention notice of funding opportunity to the HIPC's Prevention Committee on 07-26-2017.
Opioid Awareness - Report Review: The Mayor's Task Force to Combat the Opioid...Office of HIV Planning
The document summarizes a report by the Mayor's Task Force to Combat the Opioid Epidemic in Philadelphia. It finds that prescription opioid sales doubled from 2000-2012, fueling high rates of opioid use, overdoses, and deaths. The Task Force made recommendations in areas of prevention, treatment, overdose prevention, and criminal justice system involvement. Key recommendations included expanding access to medication-assisted treatment, naloxone distribution, and treatment services in prisons. The report calls for increased monitoring and evaluation to assess progress combating the epidemic.
Planning Council Co-Chair and Prevention Committee member Jen Chapman presented on integrated planning and concurrence at the May 2017 meeting of the HIV Integrated Planning Council.
Ryan White HIV AIDS Program (RWHAP) Services and Policy Clarification Notice ...Office of HIV Planning
At the April meeting of the Comprehensive Planning and Needs Assessment Committees, Jessica Brown of AACO presented on Ryan White service categories. She also reviewed changes enacted by PCN 16-02.
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptxwalterHu5
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...Donc Test
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Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
2. The City and/or partner organizations should further
explore the possibility of implementing one or more
comprehensive user engagement sites (CUES), on a pilot
basis, in which essential services are provided to reduce
substance use [my italics – g] and fatal overdose
(including referral to treatment and social services,
wound care, medically supervised drug consumption,
and access to sterile injection equipment and naloxone)
in a walk-in setting.
-From the report of the city’s Opioid Task Force
13 Further explore comprehensive user
engagement site(s).
3. In an effort to consider promising strategies
that could reduce the health and societal
problems associated with injection drug use,
the AMA today voted to support the
development of pilot facilities where people
who use intravenous drugs can inject self-
provided drugs under medical supervision.
American Medical Assn.
4. Studies from other countries have shown that
supervised injection facilities reduce the
number of overdose deaths, reduce
transmission rates of infectious disease, and
increase the number of individuals initiating
treatment for substance use disorders without
increasing drug trafficking or crime in the areas
where the facilities are located.
American Medical Assn.
5. “State and local governments around the
nation are currently involved in exploratory
efforts to create supervised injection facilities to
help reduce public health and societal impacts
of illegal drug use,”…“Pilot facilities will help
inform U.S . policymakers on the feasibility,
effectiveness and legal aspects of supervised
injection facilities in reducing harms and health
care costs associated with injection drug use.”
American Medical Assn.
6. The examination of this issue by physicians at
the AMA Annual Meeting was greatly assisted
by the Massachusetts Medical Society and its
recently completed comprehensive study of the
literature associated with supervised injection
facilities.
AMA Press Release, 6/12/2017
American Medical Assn.
7. Jeremiah Daley, executive director of the Philadelphia-
Camden High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area
Program, a collaborative law enforcement effort,
pointed out that heroin is illegal and has no medical
use, so “we have that legal issue over our heads.”
“Where would this be placed?” Daley asked. "And
does that doom that location to being a repository?
We’re going to essentially redline a neighborhood.”
Daley challenged the portrait painted by the Vancouver
site manager, who said that city's program, called
Insite, made the host neighborhood a better place to
live and do business. The area “has been at a dead
stop,” he said. “It didn’t improve conditions in that
neighborhood.”
Inquirer, Mayor's opioid task force sees huge obstacles to
safe-injection sites in Philly, 3/22/17
Mayor’s Task Force
8. Task force co-chair Thomas Farley,
commissioner of the city’s Department of
Public Health, asked Deputy Police
Commissioner Myron Patterson for his opinion.
“I don’t see much good coming out of it,”
Patterson responded. “Seattle is looking at it.
Vancouver is up and running. But they aren’t
Philadelphia.”
Inquirer, Mayor's opioid task force sees huge
obstacles to safe-injection sites in Philly, 3/22/17
Mayor’s Task Force
9. City Councilman David Oh said that Council
would have to pass an ordinance to create a site
where illegal drug activity was sanctioned. In
that scenario, he said, the state legislature
would likely respond by prohibiting such sites.
“We in City Council don’t have the power,” he
said.
Inquirer, Mayor's opioid task force sees huge
obstacles to safe-injection sites in Philly, 3/22/17
Mayor’s Task Force
11. A few task force members spoke in favor of the
idea, which is based on a strategy of “harm
reduction” -- reducing the negative
consequences of drug use while accepting that
illicit drug use is a reality.
“We need radical change,” said the Rev. James
P. Baker Jr., chair of the mayor’s drug and
alcohol commission.
Inquirer, Mayor's opioid task force sees huge
obstacles to safe-injection sites in Philly, 3/22/17
Mayor’s Task Force
12. Meet people where they’re at
-Dan Bigg, Chicago Recovery Alliance
Center the knowledge of those at risk of harm
Encourage the self-efficacy of those at the foci
of intersectional stigma and trauma
Recognize the source of harm and the locus of
reduced harm
Applied HR
13. First in Frankfurt, Germany around 2003
98 sites in 66 cities
Now exist in [not exhaustive]
Germany
Switzerland
Netherlands
Norway
Australia
Canada
Safer Consumption Sites
14. Kral/Davidson. Addressing
the Nation’s Opioid Epidemic:
Lessons from an
Unsanctioned Supervised
Injection Site in the U.S.
American Journal of
Preventive Medicine, In Press
SIS Study
15. Unsanctioned Safer Injection Site in unnamed
American Metropolitan Area
Participants in agency approached ad-hoc as
need for SIS services for person becomes
apparent
No set exclusion criteria
Roughly 60 participants have privileges at any
time
10-20 minutes per session
SIS Study
16. Staff and ancillary sterile injection supplies
provided by agency
Staff trained in naloxone use/OD recognition
Users likely also trained and able to administer
One overdose per 1,278 injections in first 2 years
of SIS operation
Similar to pre-fentanyl numbers at InSite in
Vancouver BC
SIS Study
17. Reasons for success in reducing OD death
Supervision
Setting
Clean, well-lit, secure space with extra HR
equipment
Injections hurried in over 80% of non-SIS use
All equipment used in SIS safely disposed of by
site
SIS Study
18. Where would you have injected if not at site
today?
SIS Study
Place of Injection Percent
Public Restroom 34.9
Street, park or parking lot 57.3
Own Place 4.1
Friend's Place 1.8
Other 1.9
19. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
Street or park
Public bathroom
Car
Abandoned building
Stairwell
Bus, train, or subway
Shooting Gallery
Bathroom of a SEP
Reported Locations of Public Drug Use
(past 3 months)
De facto drug policy [NJ]
20. El Campemiento razed July-August 2017
SCS in Kensington church rousted, July 2017
807 OD deaths in 2016
De facto drug policy
[Philly]
22. Although the title says ‘Five’, there
is one last reason for why DCRs
must be introduced that cannot be
ignored.
6. DCRs save lives
Five Reasons Why DCRs Benefit People
Who Don’t Use Drugs
23. If it were sanctioned, more people could be served,
licensed clinicians could provide on-site healthcare
services, other agencies could collaborate to provide
co-located, wraparound services, and there would
be more options for funding site activities and
increasing operating hours. Although supervised
injection sites may not substantially reduce the
number of people who use opioids and other
injection drugs, they do attenuate the serious
medical sequelae of this epidemic, including
preventable infections and deaths. It is time for local,
state, and federal governments to consider removing
legal barriers such that a comprehensive pilot of this
innovative intervention can be implemented.
SIS Study
Editor's Notes
Pete Morse story
Talking Drugs = Release’s blog
DCR=Drug Consumption Rooms