1. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
JNANA SANGAMA, BELAGAVI-590018, KARNATAKA
Internship Presentation on
MANUFACTURING OF SPRINGS
Submitted by
SHREYAS GOWDA M 1RN20ME468
Under the Guidance of
Mr. Shivaraj Dharannavar
Asst. Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(AICTE Approved, VTU Affiliated & NAAC ‘A’ Grade Accredited)
UG Programs - CSE, ECE, ISE, EIE and EEE have been accredited by NBA for theup to 30.06.2025
Dr. Vishnuvardhan Road, Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Channasandra, Bengaluru-560098
2022-23
3. About Company Profile
Established in the year 1990 since then it is known
as “R R R Springs” engaging in manufacturing and wholesale of
wide range of products. This company produces variety of
springs based on customer requirements.
3
4. 4
• The process of manufacturing springs is fairly straightforward,
with some variations based on the type of spring being made. In
their most basic variation, springs are created via a process of
winding, heat treating, grinding, coating and finishing.
• The spring manufacturing process will vary based on the type of
spring involved, but it may also vary in cases of custom spring
designs. Custom spring designs are often needed in unique
manufacturing applications where a specific springshape,
material and finish is required that falls outside normal
specifications. In thesecases, clients work closely with coil
spring manufacturers to develop, design and manufacture.
• Spring manufacturers offer a variety of models though there
tends to be limited brand integration at the marketing,
advertising, and dealership levels.
5. 5
• Spring manufacturers offer a variety of models though
there tends to be limited brand integration at the
marketing, advertising, and dealership levels. They are
subject to the demands of a vast pool of customers.
• Economic conditions affect overall industry sales. The
industry is capital and labour intensive. These companies
must manage the costs and expenses associated with
facilities, materials, parts, equipment, product
development and employment. Sometimes the price of key
raw materials such as steel can soar to record levels, so a
quick hedging strategy is needed. Research and
development costs, marketing costs, and advertising costs
have a major impact on the launch of new projects.
7. Introduction To Spring Winding Machine
• The conventional spring making machine manufactures the
spring using lathe machine.
• This machine works on the principle of gearboxes in which
speed is varying using different gearing arrangements.
• This machine is manually operated or motor controlled.
7
Manually Operated winding Machine Semi Operated Lathe Winding Machine
8. Spring Rolling Process
• Lathe machine produces closed coil helical spring of
different diameter and different length. Rolling is the
process of bending metal wire to a curved form. The article in
the shape of round is made by spring roller shaft. Rolling
operation can be done on hand or power operated rolling
machine.
8
9. Raw Materials
• Steel alloys are the most commonly used spring materials.
The most popular alloys include high-carbon (such as the
music wire used for guitar strings), oil- tempered low-
carbon, chrome silicon, chrome vanadium, and stainless
steel.
• Other metals that are sometimes used to make springs are
beryllium copper alloy, phosphor bronze, and titanium.
9
11. Compression Spring
• Compression springs are open-coiled springs which are wound in
a helical shape. They are designed to oppose compression,
meaning they can push back whenthey are pushed on.
• Applications : Valves, Firearms, Vehicles, Engines, Door locks
11
12. Tension Spring
• Tension springs are wound helical coils that are wrapped
tightly together to createtension.
• It is also called as extension springs, tension springs provide
extended force when the spring is pulled apart from its original
length.
• These springs typically have hooks, loops,or end coils at both
ends of the body, which attach to other components.
12
13. Conical Spring
13
• The conical spring is a type of compression spring that is cone-
shaped, as the name implies. One end of the conical spring has a
larger diameter than the other. As the spring spirals down from
one end to the other, the change in diameter creates the cone
shape.
• Conical springs are also referred to as tapered springs.
14. Torsional Springs
• A torsion spring is a spring that works by twisting its end
along its axis.
• It is a flexible elastic object that stores mechanical energy
when it is twisted.
• When it is twisted,it exerts a torque in the opposite direction,
proportional to the amount (angle) it is twisted.
14
15. Taper Tension Spring
• Tapered springs or barrel springs are conical or tapered in
shape. Due to theirunique shape, they are considered more
stable than similar springs like extension springs.
• Applications : Stove handles, Grills, Smokers, BBQ pits,
Furnaces, Boilers, Incinerators
15
16. Design Consideration
16
Various mathematical equations have been developed to
describe the properties of springs, based on such factors as
wire composition and size, spring coil diameter, the number of
coils, and the amount of expected external force.
17. Stages of Spring Manufacturing
• Steps involved in manufacturing of springs are
1. Winding
2. Heat treatment
3. Grinding
4. Coating
17
18. Cold Winding
• Wire up to 20 mm in diameter can be coiled at roomtemperature
using one of two basic techniques.
• The wire is pushed forward over a support block toward a grooved
head that deflects the wire, forcing it to bend. The head and support
block can be moved relativeto each other in as many as five
directions to control the diameter and pitch of the spring that is
being formed.
18
19. Heat Treatment
• Whether the steel has been coiled hot or cold, the process has
created stress within the material. To relieve this stress and
allow the steel to maintain its characteristic resilience, the
spring must be tempered by heat treating it.
• The spring isheated in an oven, held at the appropriate
temperature for a predetermined time, and then allowed to cool
slowly.
• The spring is heated up to 300 degrees Celsius and cooled.
19
20. Grinding
• If the design calls for flat ends on the spring, the ends are
ground at this stageof the manufacturing process.
• The spring is mounted in a jig to ensure the correct orientation
during grinding, and it is held against a rotating abrasive wheel
until the desired degree of flatness is obtained.
20
21. Coating
• To prevent corrosion, the entire surface of the spring is
protected by paintingit, dipping it in liquid rubber, or plating it
with another metal such as zinc or chromium. One process,
called mechanical plating, involves tumbling the spring in a
container with metallic powder, water, accelerant chemicals,
and tiny glass beads thatpound the metallic powder onto the
spring surface.
21
