- The document discusses a presentation on health literacy given by Gill Rowlands.
- It defines health literacy and establishes that low health literacy is common, affecting 61% of adults in England. People with low health literacy have poorer health outcomes and higher healthcare costs.
- Challenges of low health literacy are discussed for patients, healthcare professionals, managers and commissioners. Solutions proposed include improving health information and increasing citizens' health literacy skills.
- Progress and next steps are outlined to address the issue through various organizations working together.
Health literacy and health information in England: how big is the problem?HLGUK
Presentation to the Health Literacy Group UK Seminar
‘Improving health information to promote health literacy’
Gill Rowlands, Professor, University of Newcastle and
Aarhus University, March 2015
Presentation by Jonathan Berry, Person Centred Care Specialist, NHS England lead on widening digital participation. Given Health Literacy UK Seminar, October 2016
Elena Reyes, PhD, Associate Professor & Director of Behavioral Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Regional Director Southwest Florida
Latino Health Forum 2014
Health literacy and health information in England: how big is the problem?HLGUK
Presentation to the Health Literacy Group UK Seminar
‘Improving health information to promote health literacy’
Gill Rowlands, Professor, University of Newcastle and
Aarhus University, March 2015
Presentation by Jonathan Berry, Person Centred Care Specialist, NHS England lead on widening digital participation. Given Health Literacy UK Seminar, October 2016
Elena Reyes, PhD, Associate Professor & Director of Behavioral Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Regional Director Southwest Florida
Latino Health Forum 2014
ILC expert roundtable: Delivering prevention in an ageing world - Democratisi...ILC- UK
During this roundtable, we shared a draft consultation paper, collating insights from ongoing discussions with stakeholders on what works in making prevention easy and accessible to all, including learnings from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
APCRSHR10 Virtual plenary presentation of Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director of...CNS www.citizen-news.org
This is the plenary presentation of Mr Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific, on "Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
Health partners elluminate ppt_final_9.13.10CChangeProgram
C-Change (Communication for Change) is a USAID-fundd program to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of social and behavior change communication (SBCC) as an integral part of development efforts in malaria, HIV and AIDS, and family planning/reproductive health.
C-Change works with USAID and the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) to prevent and control malaria in several PMI target countries, including Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Sao Tome and Principe, as well as others.
On September 13, 2010, C-Change and MCHIP facilitated a narrated presentation of the work of two PMI grantees, Concern Universal and HealthPartners, via a webinar. Participants included Save the Children, USAID, CDC, IFPH, and others.
For more information, please visit: http://www.c-changeprogram.org/
Anna Ratzliff, MD, PhD, Associate Director for Education, Division of Integrated Care & Public Health Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
Latino Health Forum 2014
Trying to sketch an agenda for how health psychology and public health can work together. Slides for the discussion workshop at the Division of Health Psychology Conference September 2014.
PRIME Centre Wales
Long Term Conditions Consensus Meeting
Tuesday 10th November 2015, St Mary's Priory, Abergavenny, NP7 5ND
http://www.primecentre.wales/ltc-consensus-meeting.php
This is the abstract presentation of Dr Harjyot Khosa, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
Partnering with Patients, Families and Communities for Health: A Global Imper...EngagingPatients
Engagement is an essential tool to improving global health. This report introduces a new framework for engagement to help countries assess current programs and think strategically about future engagement opportunities. It spotlights barriers to engagement and offers concrete examples of effective engagement from around the globe.
ILC expert roundtable: Delivering prevention in an ageing world - Democratisi...ILC- UK
During this roundtable, we shared a draft consultation paper, collating insights from ongoing discussions with stakeholders on what works in making prevention easy and accessible to all, including learnings from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
APCRSHR10 Virtual plenary presentation of Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director of...CNS www.citizen-news.org
This is the plenary presentation of Mr Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific, on "Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
Health partners elluminate ppt_final_9.13.10CChangeProgram
C-Change (Communication for Change) is a USAID-fundd program to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of social and behavior change communication (SBCC) as an integral part of development efforts in malaria, HIV and AIDS, and family planning/reproductive health.
C-Change works with USAID and the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) to prevent and control malaria in several PMI target countries, including Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Sao Tome and Principe, as well as others.
On September 13, 2010, C-Change and MCHIP facilitated a narrated presentation of the work of two PMI grantees, Concern Universal and HealthPartners, via a webinar. Participants included Save the Children, USAID, CDC, IFPH, and others.
For more information, please visit: http://www.c-changeprogram.org/
Anna Ratzliff, MD, PhD, Associate Director for Education, Division of Integrated Care & Public Health Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
Latino Health Forum 2014
Trying to sketch an agenda for how health psychology and public health can work together. Slides for the discussion workshop at the Division of Health Psychology Conference September 2014.
PRIME Centre Wales
Long Term Conditions Consensus Meeting
Tuesday 10th November 2015, St Mary's Priory, Abergavenny, NP7 5ND
http://www.primecentre.wales/ltc-consensus-meeting.php
This is the abstract presentation of Dr Harjyot Khosa, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
Partnering with Patients, Families and Communities for Health: A Global Imper...EngagingPatients
Engagement is an essential tool to improving global health. This report introduces a new framework for engagement to help countries assess current programs and think strategically about future engagement opportunities. It spotlights barriers to engagement and offers concrete examples of effective engagement from around the globe.
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PIHCI programmatic grants webinar (en) for circulationAlexandra Enns
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The complete instructions are on ResearchNet: https://www.researchnet-recherchenet.ca/rnr16/vwOpprtntyDtls.do?prog=2734&view=currentOpps&org=CIHR&type=EXACT&resultCount=25&sort=program&next=1&all=1&masterList=true
CILIP Cymru Wales Conference 2019: Health Literacy at North East London Found...CILIP
Catherine Jenkins' presentation:
Improving health literacy levels can enhance treatment outcomes, save time and cut costs. At NELFT, we are undertaking a pilot project to improve the health literacy of staff, patients and the wider communities we serve. We have partnered with local libraries and the Reading Agency to run high-street health information drop-ins. These events raise awareness of the evidence-based Reading Well book collections and signpost members of the public to accessible, peer-reviewed digital resources like the NHS app and the NHS ‘Behind the Headlines’ health news analysis. Future aims of the project include a health literacy e-learning module and reflective workshops.
Low Functional health literacy is a problem affecting 90 million residents of the United States. Among the 90 million, 36% are adults who have “below basic” health literacy skills. Assessing health literacy is important in improving health behaviors, health outcomes, and perceived communication barriers related to health. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act enacted in 2010 brought about changes that demand a more coordinated approach to manage health care services. This research focused on the efforts being made to promote health literacy at Medicaid health homes such as Greater Buffalo United Accountable Healthcare Network (GBUAHN). This research consisted of observation of Patient Health Navigator interactions with patients in order to identify best practices of health literacy initiatives within GBUAHN. Results suggest best practices include promoting and establishing relationship to effectively enhance patients understanding of all their healthcare needs. This study suggests that GBUAHN should continue making use of recommendations related health literacy promotion while exploring areas of improvement as noted on scorecard. Patient Health Navigators are engaging patient in manner that will establish adherence within patients.
Primary Health Care Strategy:
Key Directions for the Information Environment. Case study report and composite success model.
Steve Creed & Philip Gander
Cooperative Extension's National Focus on Health literacySUAREC
Please presentation, that was presented as a webinar focuses on the National Land-grant's role on Health Literacy. The presenters of this webinar were Dr. Sonja Koukel, New Mexico State University Extension and Dr. Fatemeh Malekian, Southern University Agricultural Research and Extension Center.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Pharynx and Clinical Correlations BY Dr.Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Gill Rowlands Heath Literacy - Making it Everybody's Business
1. Working together
Update on the Royal College of General
Practitioners and NHS England report and action
plan
Health literacy – Making it everybody’s business
Thursday 25th
June 2015
Gill Rowlands, Professor, University of Newcastle and
Aarhus University
June 2015
1
3. This presentation
• What did we discuss at the workshop in July 2013?
– What is health literacy?
– Is health literacy important?
– What challenges does health literacy bring to patients,
health care staff, managers and commissioners?
– What can be done to make things better?
– A Call for Action
• Progress so far
• Next steps
• Do we need to know anything else about health literacy?
3
4. What is health literacy
4
“the personal characteristics and social resources needed for
individuals and communities to access, understand, appraise and
use information and services to make decisions about health.”
World Health Organization. Health literacy toolkit for low- and middle-income countries. A series of
information sheets to empower communities and strengthen health systems. 2015.
www.searo.who.int/entity/healthpromotion/documents/hl_tookit/en/
5. Yes! People with low health literacy are sicker than people with
higher health literacy. They:
•Die earlier1,2
•Find it more difficult to take their medication as instructed1
•Are more likely to have one or more long-term conditions
(LTCs)3
•LTCs more likely to be limiting3
•Are less likely to engage with disease prevention e.g. cancer
screening, immunisation1
5
1. Berkman ND, Sheridan SL, Donahue KE, Halpern DJ, Viera A, Crotty K, et al. Health literacy
interventions and outcomes: An updated systematic review. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare
Research and Quality., 2011 Contract No.: 11-E006. 2. HLS-EU Consortium: Comparative report of
health literacy in eight EU member states. The European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU). 2012
3. Bostock S, Steptoe A. Association between low functional health literacy and mortality in older
adults: longitudinal cohort study. British Medical Journal. 2012;344:e1602.
Is health literacy important?
6. Yes! People with low health literacy are less healthy than people
with higher health literacy. They have:
•More unhealthy behaviours; alcohol, poor diet/obesity,
smoking2,3
•Fewer healthy behaviours; good diet/normal weight2,3
•Lower levels of self-rated health1,2
•Lower response to public healthy living campaigns3
6
1. Berkman ND, Sheridan SL, Donahue KE, Halpern DJ, Viera A, Crotty K, et al. Health literacy
interventions and outcomes: An updated systematic review. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare
Research and Quality., 2011 Contract No.: 11-E006. 2. HLS-EU Consortium: Comparative report of
health literacy in eight EU member states. The European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU). 2012
3. Buck D, Frosini F. Clustering of unhealthy behaviours over time. Implications for policy
and practice. . London: King's Fund, Aug 2012.
Is health literacy important?
7. Is health literacy a common problem?
Yes!
7
% of the adult working age
population unable to fully read,
understand, and act
on health information in common
circulation.
National average 61%
Rowlands, G., Protheroe, J., Richardson, M., Seed, P., Winkley, J., and Rudd, R. (2015).
The health information gap: the mismatch between population health literacy and the complexity of
health information; an observational study. British Journal of General Practice 65 e379 -e386.
8. Is low health literacy associated with
other social determinants of health?
Yes!
Male (literacy)
Female
(numeracy)
Male (literacy)
Female
(numeracy)
Aged 45+Aged 45+ BMEBME
Born outside
of the UK
Born outside
of the UK
English not
first language
English not
first language
Below
expected by
age 16
Below
expected by
age 16
UnemployedUnemployed Lowest job
grade
Lowest job
grade
Income less
than £10,000
Income less
than £10,000
Not a home
owner
Not a home
owner
Top 5 most
deprived
areas
Top 5 most
deprived
areas
Not statistically
significant when
considered
together
Rowlands G, Protheroe J, Richardson M, et al. The health information gap: the mismatch
between population health literacy and the complexity of health information; an
observational study. BJGP Accepted for publication. 2015.
9. What challenges does health literacy
bring?
• Patients:
– coping with a complex system that is not tailored to their health
literacy needs
• Health care professionals:
– Lack of knowledge about the importance and impact of low health
literacy
– Lack of skills in tailoring communication and services to patients’
health literacy needs
• Managers:
– Developing ‘health literate’ systems and services tailored to patient
need
– Up-skilling health care staff
• Commissioners
– Ensuring people with low health literacy have a voice and can
influence the design of services to meet their needs
– Using the power of commissioning to develop health literate health
services
9
10. Can anything be done to help? Yes
Improving the system
•Improving how information is written improves understanding
of information1
•Use of pictograms improves understanding of risk2
•Current international service development project involving
several UK sites: the Ophelia project3
is exploring how health care
organisations’ understanding of patients’ health literacy needs
can be used to improve the service
10
1. Scott, T.L., et al., Health literacy and preventive health care use among Medicare enrollees in a
managed care organization. Med Care, 2002. 40(5): p. 395-404. 2. Garcia-Retamero R, Galesic M.
Communicating treatment risk reduction to people with low numeracy skills: a cross-cultural
comparison. Am J Public Health. 2009;99(12):2196-202
3. http://www.deakin.edu.au/health/research/phi/OPHELIA.php
11. Can anything be done to help? Yes
Building citizens health literacy skills
•Improves knowledge and skills1
•Improves lifestyle (diet and exercise)1
•Improves mental health1,2
•Improves Diabetes self-management3
Building health professionals’ health literacy awareness and skills
Current project: Awareness raising and training of health care
staff: Community Health and Learning Foundation
11
1. Evaluation of the second phase of the Skilled for Health Programme. London: The Tavistock Institute
and Shared Intelligence, 2009. 2. Weiss BD, Francis L, Senf JH, Heist K. Literacy education as treatment
for depression in patients with limited literacy and depression: a randomized controlled trial.
J Gen Intern Med 2006;21:823–8 3. Rothman RL, DeWalt DA, Malone R, et al. Influence of patient
literacy on the effectiveness of a primary care-based diabetes disease management program.
Journal of the American Medical Association. 2004;292(14):1711-6.
12. What are some solutions: the joint
RCGP and NHS England call for action
1. To work with the Health Literacy Group UK to take the ‘Call for
Action’ forward.
2. To improve GP training.
3. To develop recommendations for Clinical Commissioning Groups
(CCGs) to consider health literacy approaches by NHS service
providers when commissioning services.
4. To develop pilot sites where CCGs can commission health literacy
training for patients from adult learning providers, with
assessment of the impact of these pilots on patient skills, patient
satisfaction with NHS services and their use of NHS services.
5. To ensure that those aspects of the Digital Inclusion Strategy
relevant to general practice are highlighted to GPs.
6. To work with the Information Standard to develop a health literacy
guide to be circulated to all NHS Trusts.
12
13. Progress so far
• NHS England is committed to working with partners to
support progress around health literacy – it is an agenda that
cannot be addressed unilaterally
• This needs to be undertaken in parallel with other activities to
improve and streamline health information and
communication systems
• The Information Standard has been brought ‘in house’ to
improve it’s engagement and effectiveness (especially for
NHS Trusts) and streamline costs
• NHS England has pulled together a roundtable involving
Health Literacy Group UK, Royal College of GPs, ALBs, and a
range of other organisations to identify next steps and ensure
a co-ordinated approach
13
14. Next steps
• Develop a wider programme of work which addresses both
the quality and accessibility of health information alongside
ensuring people have the skills to be able to understand and
apply it
14
15. • Work with partners to develop a plan to support progress
with health literacy which might include:
– Using the Information Standard to improve the ‘health
literacy’ of health information
– Provide implementation support for the Accessible
Information Standard as a way of supporting people with
access and communication needs
– Work with the NHS England digital inclusion strategy to
widen digital skills and participation for health
– Establish the best way to use the commissioning system to
support action on health literacy, both in public
engagement and in the services which are commissioned
– Work with the partners to improve the health literacy
skills of health professionals
15
16. Conclusions
• Health literacy affects a significant proportion of people (6
out of 10 in England)
• It results in less health and more illness, but much can be
done to improve both health literacy skills and the
approaches of the health and education sectors
• Progress is being made against the objectives in the ‘Call for
Action’ but more needs to be done
16
17. Points for discussion
• The call for action: what needs prioritising and why?
• Do we need to know anything more? What about:
– The cost of health literacy to patients, the public and the
NHS?
– What are the cost / benefits of lifelong learning
interventions – both in health but also in communities and
wider society
– Health literacy and wider skills, employability and
productiveness?
17
18. Working together
Update on the Royal College of General
Practitioners and NHS England report and action
plan
Health literacy – Making it everybody’s business
Thursday 25th
June 2015
Gill Rowlands, Professor, University of Newcastle and
Aarhus University
June 2015
18
20. National Qualifications level: Literacy level 1 / Numeracy level 1
Key Stage Skill Equivalent Ages:
Literacy 11-14 years, Numeracy 11-14 years
Number (%) English adults 16-65 yrs. UNABLE to understand and use this:
21 million people (61%)
Example: Bowel Cancer
Screening Kit
21. NQF
level
Key stage
equivalent
At this LITERACY level an adult
understands
Entry
level 1
5-7 years Short texts with repeated language
patterns on familiar topics
Entry
level 2
7-9 years Short straightforward texts on
familiar topics and from familiar
sources
Entry
level 3
9-11 years Short straightforward texts on
familiar topics accurately and
independently
Information from everyday sources
Level 1 11-14
years
Short straightforward texts of varying
length on a variety of topics
accurately and Independently
Level 2 14-16
years
A range of texts of varying complexity
accurately and independently
Information of varying length and
detail
Material levelMaterial level
Population level
Skills
Qualification
Framework
Literacy
22. NQF
level
Key stage
equivalent
At this NUMERACY level an adult
understands
Entry
level 1
5-7 years Numbers and symbols in a simple
format
Entry
level 2
7-9 years Numbers, symbols, simple diagrams
and charts in a simple format
Entry
level 3
9-11 years Numbers, symbols, diagrams and
charts used for different purposes
and in different ways
Level 1 11-14
years
Straightforward mathematical
information, can independently
select relevant information
Level 2 14-16
years
Mathematical information used for
different purposes, can
independently select and compare
relevant information from a variety
of sources
Material levelMaterial level
Population level
Skills
Qualification
Framework
Numeracy
23. Is low health literacy a common problem? Yes
The situation in Europe.
23
From the HLS-EU final report. SLIDE COURTESY OF Prof. Jürgen M. Pelikan Ludwig Boltzmann Institute
Health Promotion Research, WHO-CC for Health Promotion in Hospitals and Health Care, Vienna/
Austria.