An accounting information system (AIS) is defined as a system that collects, records, stores, and processes accounting data to produce information for decision makers. An AIS consists of people, processes, technology, and controls. It adds value by improving decision making, efficiency, and effectiveness. Modern technologies like artificial intelligence, data analytics, blockchain, cloud computing, and the internet of things are changing AIS. An organization's AIS is influenced by and helps achieve its overall corporate strategy through supporting the value chain and supply chain.
This document provides an overview of accounting information systems. It begins by defining key terms like accounting, information, systems, and accounting information systems. It distinguishes data from information and identifies characteristics of useful information. It explains how an organization determines the value of information by comparing benefits to costs. The document describes how an accounting information system adds value through its six components: people, procedures, data, software, technology infrastructure, and controls. It provides reasons for studying accounting information systems and how they are impacted by and impact organizational culture, strategy, and information technology.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems integrate various business functions and departments into a single system with a shared database. ERP systems combine databases for planning, manufacturing, sales, marketing and other departments. They provide many benefits like standardized processes, reduced inventory costs, and integrated financial and customer information. Implementing an ERP system involves analyzing current business processes, customizing the ERP modules to match, training employees, and integrating the new system to replace old standalone systems. Major challenges are limitations of the software, changes to employee roles, and resistance to change from employees.
Introduction to Transaction Processing Chapter No. 2Qamar Farooq
The document outlines the objectives and key concepts of transaction cycles and accounting information systems. It discusses the three transaction cycles - expenditure, conversion, and revenue - and the basic accounting records used in traditional and computer-based systems, including source documents, journals, ledgers, and documentation techniques like entity relationship diagrams and flowcharts. It also explains the differences between batch processing and real-time systems.
The document provides information about adjusting entries for Micro Computer Services for August 2017. It states that accrued revenues of $500 were earned but not recorded for services performed. It also states that accrued expenses of $300 were incurred for unpaid utilities. The adjusting entries would debit Accounts Receivable and credit Service Revenue for $500 to record accrued revenues. For accrued expenses, the adjusting entries would debit Utilities Expense and credit Accounts Payable for $300 to record accrued expenses.
Ch02-conceptual framework or financial reportingVivi Tazkia
The document provides an overview and learning objectives for a chapter on the conceptual framework for financial reporting. It discusses the need for a conceptual framework to establish consistent concepts to underlie financial reporting standards. It describes efforts to construct a conceptual framework, which comprises chapters on the objective of financial reporting, qualitative characteristics of accounting information, and basic concepts related to recognition, measurement and disclosure. The chapter objectives cover understanding the usefulness of the conceptual framework, its development, the financial reporting objective, qualitative characteristics, basic elements of financial statements, accounting assumptions, and how the cost constraint affects reporting.
Pertemuan 3 Sistem Pemrosesan Transaksi Romney ch02 editLukman Hakim
Sistem Pemrosesan Transaksi (Transaction Processing System disingkat TPS) adalah sistem yang menjadi pintu utama dalam pengumpulan dan pengolahan data pada suatu organisasi. Sistem yang ber-interaksi langsung dengan sumber data (misalnya pelanggan)adalah sistem pengolahan transaksi, dimana data transaksi sehari-hari yang mendukung operasional organisasi dilakukan. Tugas utama TPS adalah mengumpulkan dan mempersiapkan data untuk keperluan sistem informasi yang lain dalam organisasi,misalnya untuk kebutuhan sistem informasi manajemen, atau kebutuhan sistem informasi eksekutif.
1. The document discusses the role and objectives of a conceptual framework for accounting, which aims to establish a coherent system that leads to consistent standards and principles.
2. It addresses issues like the need for a general accounting theory and inconsistencies in current practices. Benefits of a conceptual framework include consistent reporting and enhanced accountability.
3. The objectives of conceptual frameworks according to statements by the FASB and IASB are to provide useful financial information for economic decision making and assessing cash flows.
This document provides an overview of accounting information systems. It begins by defining key terms like accounting, information, systems, and accounting information systems. It distinguishes data from information and identifies characteristics of useful information. It explains how an organization determines the value of information by comparing benefits to costs. The document describes how an accounting information system adds value through its six components: people, procedures, data, software, technology infrastructure, and controls. It provides reasons for studying accounting information systems and how they are impacted by and impact organizational culture, strategy, and information technology.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems integrate various business functions and departments into a single system with a shared database. ERP systems combine databases for planning, manufacturing, sales, marketing and other departments. They provide many benefits like standardized processes, reduced inventory costs, and integrated financial and customer information. Implementing an ERP system involves analyzing current business processes, customizing the ERP modules to match, training employees, and integrating the new system to replace old standalone systems. Major challenges are limitations of the software, changes to employee roles, and resistance to change from employees.
Introduction to Transaction Processing Chapter No. 2Qamar Farooq
The document outlines the objectives and key concepts of transaction cycles and accounting information systems. It discusses the three transaction cycles - expenditure, conversion, and revenue - and the basic accounting records used in traditional and computer-based systems, including source documents, journals, ledgers, and documentation techniques like entity relationship diagrams and flowcharts. It also explains the differences between batch processing and real-time systems.
The document provides information about adjusting entries for Micro Computer Services for August 2017. It states that accrued revenues of $500 were earned but not recorded for services performed. It also states that accrued expenses of $300 were incurred for unpaid utilities. The adjusting entries would debit Accounts Receivable and credit Service Revenue for $500 to record accrued revenues. For accrued expenses, the adjusting entries would debit Utilities Expense and credit Accounts Payable for $300 to record accrued expenses.
Ch02-conceptual framework or financial reportingVivi Tazkia
The document provides an overview and learning objectives for a chapter on the conceptual framework for financial reporting. It discusses the need for a conceptual framework to establish consistent concepts to underlie financial reporting standards. It describes efforts to construct a conceptual framework, which comprises chapters on the objective of financial reporting, qualitative characteristics of accounting information, and basic concepts related to recognition, measurement and disclosure. The chapter objectives cover understanding the usefulness of the conceptual framework, its development, the financial reporting objective, qualitative characteristics, basic elements of financial statements, accounting assumptions, and how the cost constraint affects reporting.
Pertemuan 3 Sistem Pemrosesan Transaksi Romney ch02 editLukman Hakim
Sistem Pemrosesan Transaksi (Transaction Processing System disingkat TPS) adalah sistem yang menjadi pintu utama dalam pengumpulan dan pengolahan data pada suatu organisasi. Sistem yang ber-interaksi langsung dengan sumber data (misalnya pelanggan)adalah sistem pengolahan transaksi, dimana data transaksi sehari-hari yang mendukung operasional organisasi dilakukan. Tugas utama TPS adalah mengumpulkan dan mempersiapkan data untuk keperluan sistem informasi yang lain dalam organisasi,misalnya untuk kebutuhan sistem informasi manajemen, atau kebutuhan sistem informasi eksekutif.
1. The document discusses the role and objectives of a conceptual framework for accounting, which aims to establish a coherent system that leads to consistent standards and principles.
2. It addresses issues like the need for a general accounting theory and inconsistencies in current practices. Benefits of a conceptual framework include consistent reporting and enhanced accountability.
3. The objectives of conceptual frameworks according to statements by the FASB and IASB are to provide useful financial information for economic decision making and assessing cash flows.
Ch01- the accounting information systemVivi Tazkia
This chapter introduces key concepts related to financial reporting and accounting standards. It discusses the growing importance of global financial markets and how this relates to the need for consistent, high-quality financial reporting standards on an international level. The major financial statements are identified as the statement of financial position, income statement, statement of cash flows, and statement of changes in equity. The chapter also explains how accounting assists with the efficient allocation of scarce resources and the objective of financial reporting for equity investors and creditors. The roles of key standard-setting bodies like the IASB and IFRS are outlined.
Ch03-financial reporting and accounting standardsVivi Tazkia
The document provides an overview of the key concepts and steps covered in Chapter 3 of Intermediate Accounting (IFRS 2nd Edition) by Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield. It outlines 8 learning objectives for the chapter, which include understanding basic accounting terminology, the double-entry system, the accounting cycle, journalizing and posting transactions, adjusting entries, and preparing financial statements. The chapter also discusses the accounting equation, T-accounts, the different types of accounts, and the accounting process from recording transactions to the adjusted trial balance.
Executive information systems (EIS) provide easy access to internal and external information relevant to meeting strategic organizational goals. EIS integrate data from various sources to summarize information executives find useful for decision-making. They allow drilling down from summaries to specific detail levels. EIS components include hardware, software, interfaces, and telecommunications to access distributed data. Advantages include timely delivery of summary information to support strategic decisions, while disadvantages include potential information overload and high implementation costs.
This document describes the key functions and components of an accounting information system (AIS). It explains that an AIS collects and stores data about business transactions, provides useful information for decision making through reports, and implements internal controls. Specific topics covered include the data processing cycle, common source documents, journal and ledger recording, financial statements, managerial reports, and internal control objectives like documentation and segregation of duties. The chapter aims to help Ashton Fleming understand how to design an effective AIS for the new business S&S, Inc.
ERP Chapter 1 : Business functions and business processesRey-an Baricanosa
The document discusses business functions and business processes. It defines business functions as activities specific to functional areas like marketing, supply chain management, accounting, and human resources. Business processes are collections of activities that take inputs and create outputs valuable to customers. The document explains that integrated information systems are important because functional areas are interdependent and share data. Effective data sharing between functions leads to more efficient business processes and improved company success.
financial accounting theory by Craig Degan 3rd edition chapter 2
prepared by: Dewan Mahbood Hossain
Assistant Professor, dept. of A.I.S
UNIVERSITY OF DHAKA
1. Managerial accounting involves identifying, measuring, analyzing, interpreting, and communicating financial and non-financial information to assist managers in planning, directing, and controlling organizational activities.
2. Managerial accounting adds value to organizations by providing information for decision-making, planning, and controlling operations, assisting in directing activities, and motivating and measuring employee performance.
3. Managerial accounting differs from financial accounting in that it provides internal information for decision-making rather than external financial reports, and it focuses on supporting management rather than satisfying external reporting requirements.
Audit of the Payroll and Personnel Cycle _ Accounting & AudtingCarl Hebeler
This document discusses the audit of the payroll and personnel cycle. It identifies key accounts and transactions such as wages payable, payroll taxes payable, and cash. It describes the related business functions, documents, and internal controls. It provides guidance on assessing risks, testing controls, and performing substantive tests of transactions and account balances. These include analytical procedures to identify potential misstatements, as well as detailed tests of liability and expense accounts to ensure accurate cutoff and balances. The overall goal is to obtain sufficient evidence that payroll and personnel accounts are fairly stated in accordance with GAAP.
Ethics provides standards for determining right and wrong human behavior based on concepts like rights, obligations, fairness, and virtues. Accounting ethics specifically calls on members to maintain integrity, truthfulness, and honesty when working with financial data and reporting. Upholding accounting ethics helps ensure the accuracy of financial information and protects the interests of investors, businesses, and the public. However, some challenges to accounting ethics include pressures that prioritize short-term gains, complex rules open to interpretation, and rationalizing small ethical issues. When facing an ethical conflict, accountants should follow their organization's policies or confidentially consult impartial advisors to determine the proper course of action.
Accounting information is key to achieving organisational objectives. Quality information can only be produced by a quality system. This presentation explores a holistic approach to understanding the concept of Accounting Information system (AIS). It is part of a lecture series on Management Information systems (MIS) at the Department of Accounting, University of Jos.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18272.61441
Updated at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353372345_Accounting_Information_System
1) The document provides an overview of chapter 1 of the textbook "Financial Accounting" which covers accounting basics. It defines accounting, identifies its users and uses, and explains key concepts like ethics, standards, assumptions and the accounting equation.
2) The accounting equation states that assets must equal liabilities plus equity. It defines the components of the equation as assets being resources owned, liabilities being debts or obligations, and equity being the ownership claim.
3) Business transactions impact the accounting equation by increasing or decreasing at least two elements as a transaction has a dual effect.
This presentation provides an overview of accounting information systems. It defines an accounting information system as a subsystem of management information systems that collects and processes transaction data and communicates financial information to decision makers. It notes that an accounting information system consists of people, procedures, data, software, and information technology. It also distinguishes between computerized accounting systems used by large businesses and manual systems used by small businesses. Finally, it outlines the basic functions of an accounting information system, including collecting and storing data, processing it into useful information, providing controls to safeguard assets, and generating financial statements and managerial reports.
This document discusses accounting standards and concepts. It defines accounting as recording, classifying, and summarizing financial transactions and events. Accounting standards provide uniform guidelines for recognizing, measuring, presenting, and disclosing accounting information to ensure comparability and credibility of financial statements. The standards deal with issues like recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of transactions to communicate information clearly to users.
The document discusses the role and importance of auditors in evaluating financial information. It describes how the Enron scandal illustrated the responsibility of auditors to users of financial statements. In response, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which established oversight of auditors and required reporting on internal controls. The document then defines auditing as the accumulation and evaluation of evidence to determine if information corresponds to established criteria, and notes it should be done by competent and independent persons.
Pertemuan 2 sistem informasi akuntansi romney ch01Lukman Hakim
Sistem Informasi Akuntansi adalah suatu komponen organisasi yang mengumpulkan, mengklasifikasikan, mengolah, menganalisa dan mengkomunikasikan informasi finansial dan pengambilan keputusan yang relevan bagi pihak luar perusahaan dan pihak ekstern.
Akuntansi sendiri sebenarnya adalah sebuah Sistem Informasi.
This document discusses ethics in accounting. It provides background on the accounting profession and its roles. It then discusses issues that have tarnished the profession's image such as accounting scandals where large audit firms failed to catch falsified financial reports. The document outlines the concept of ethics for professionals and accountants specifically. It discusses threats to compliance like self-interest, self-review, advocacy, familiarity, and intimidation. Finally, it explains the framework for codes of ethics including identifying and addressing threats through safeguards created by the profession, legislation, firms, and clients.
This document outlines the key perspectives of critical accounting theory. It discusses how critical accounting theorists question prevailing social arrangements and how accounting practices contribute to inequities by sustaining privileged positions for those in control of resources. It provides learning objectives on understanding how accounting can support powerful stakeholders over less powerful ones. It defines critical perspectives as challenging the neutrality of accounting and rejecting the pluralist view that many have influence, arguing power resides with elites. It discusses how accounting constructs social structures to benefit the wealthy and how disclosure can strategically promote certain social orders. It also considers criticisms of critical perspectives and debates their role in actually creating social change.
This document provides an overview of financial information systems and accounting information systems (AIS). It defines key concepts like data, information, and the value of information. It explains the basic business processes that occur in most companies and the transactional information that flows between internal/external parties through an AIS. The document also describes the four parts of the data processing cycle and how data is captured, stored, processed, and output as information. It provides learning objectives about AIS and introduces terminology.
AIS Chapter 01 Overview Accounting Information SystemArisSuryaPutra1
This document provides an overview of accounting information systems. It defines key terms like data, information, business processes, and accounting information systems. It explains that an accounting information system collects, processes, stores and reports transactional data from business processes and converts it into meaningful information. This information helps management make decisions, plan and control organizational activities, and add value through more efficient and effective decision-making. Finally, the document discusses how an accounting information system interacts with and is influenced by a company's strategy, information technology developments and organizational culture.
Ch01- the accounting information systemVivi Tazkia
This chapter introduces key concepts related to financial reporting and accounting standards. It discusses the growing importance of global financial markets and how this relates to the need for consistent, high-quality financial reporting standards on an international level. The major financial statements are identified as the statement of financial position, income statement, statement of cash flows, and statement of changes in equity. The chapter also explains how accounting assists with the efficient allocation of scarce resources and the objective of financial reporting for equity investors and creditors. The roles of key standard-setting bodies like the IASB and IFRS are outlined.
Ch03-financial reporting and accounting standardsVivi Tazkia
The document provides an overview of the key concepts and steps covered in Chapter 3 of Intermediate Accounting (IFRS 2nd Edition) by Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield. It outlines 8 learning objectives for the chapter, which include understanding basic accounting terminology, the double-entry system, the accounting cycle, journalizing and posting transactions, adjusting entries, and preparing financial statements. The chapter also discusses the accounting equation, T-accounts, the different types of accounts, and the accounting process from recording transactions to the adjusted trial balance.
Executive information systems (EIS) provide easy access to internal and external information relevant to meeting strategic organizational goals. EIS integrate data from various sources to summarize information executives find useful for decision-making. They allow drilling down from summaries to specific detail levels. EIS components include hardware, software, interfaces, and telecommunications to access distributed data. Advantages include timely delivery of summary information to support strategic decisions, while disadvantages include potential information overload and high implementation costs.
This document describes the key functions and components of an accounting information system (AIS). It explains that an AIS collects and stores data about business transactions, provides useful information for decision making through reports, and implements internal controls. Specific topics covered include the data processing cycle, common source documents, journal and ledger recording, financial statements, managerial reports, and internal control objectives like documentation and segregation of duties. The chapter aims to help Ashton Fleming understand how to design an effective AIS for the new business S&S, Inc.
ERP Chapter 1 : Business functions and business processesRey-an Baricanosa
The document discusses business functions and business processes. It defines business functions as activities specific to functional areas like marketing, supply chain management, accounting, and human resources. Business processes are collections of activities that take inputs and create outputs valuable to customers. The document explains that integrated information systems are important because functional areas are interdependent and share data. Effective data sharing between functions leads to more efficient business processes and improved company success.
financial accounting theory by Craig Degan 3rd edition chapter 2
prepared by: Dewan Mahbood Hossain
Assistant Professor, dept. of A.I.S
UNIVERSITY OF DHAKA
1. Managerial accounting involves identifying, measuring, analyzing, interpreting, and communicating financial and non-financial information to assist managers in planning, directing, and controlling organizational activities.
2. Managerial accounting adds value to organizations by providing information for decision-making, planning, and controlling operations, assisting in directing activities, and motivating and measuring employee performance.
3. Managerial accounting differs from financial accounting in that it provides internal information for decision-making rather than external financial reports, and it focuses on supporting management rather than satisfying external reporting requirements.
Audit of the Payroll and Personnel Cycle _ Accounting & AudtingCarl Hebeler
This document discusses the audit of the payroll and personnel cycle. It identifies key accounts and transactions such as wages payable, payroll taxes payable, and cash. It describes the related business functions, documents, and internal controls. It provides guidance on assessing risks, testing controls, and performing substantive tests of transactions and account balances. These include analytical procedures to identify potential misstatements, as well as detailed tests of liability and expense accounts to ensure accurate cutoff and balances. The overall goal is to obtain sufficient evidence that payroll and personnel accounts are fairly stated in accordance with GAAP.
Ethics provides standards for determining right and wrong human behavior based on concepts like rights, obligations, fairness, and virtues. Accounting ethics specifically calls on members to maintain integrity, truthfulness, and honesty when working with financial data and reporting. Upholding accounting ethics helps ensure the accuracy of financial information and protects the interests of investors, businesses, and the public. However, some challenges to accounting ethics include pressures that prioritize short-term gains, complex rules open to interpretation, and rationalizing small ethical issues. When facing an ethical conflict, accountants should follow their organization's policies or confidentially consult impartial advisors to determine the proper course of action.
Accounting information is key to achieving organisational objectives. Quality information can only be produced by a quality system. This presentation explores a holistic approach to understanding the concept of Accounting Information system (AIS). It is part of a lecture series on Management Information systems (MIS) at the Department of Accounting, University of Jos.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18272.61441
Updated at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353372345_Accounting_Information_System
1) The document provides an overview of chapter 1 of the textbook "Financial Accounting" which covers accounting basics. It defines accounting, identifies its users and uses, and explains key concepts like ethics, standards, assumptions and the accounting equation.
2) The accounting equation states that assets must equal liabilities plus equity. It defines the components of the equation as assets being resources owned, liabilities being debts or obligations, and equity being the ownership claim.
3) Business transactions impact the accounting equation by increasing or decreasing at least two elements as a transaction has a dual effect.
This presentation provides an overview of accounting information systems. It defines an accounting information system as a subsystem of management information systems that collects and processes transaction data and communicates financial information to decision makers. It notes that an accounting information system consists of people, procedures, data, software, and information technology. It also distinguishes between computerized accounting systems used by large businesses and manual systems used by small businesses. Finally, it outlines the basic functions of an accounting information system, including collecting and storing data, processing it into useful information, providing controls to safeguard assets, and generating financial statements and managerial reports.
This document discusses accounting standards and concepts. It defines accounting as recording, classifying, and summarizing financial transactions and events. Accounting standards provide uniform guidelines for recognizing, measuring, presenting, and disclosing accounting information to ensure comparability and credibility of financial statements. The standards deal with issues like recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of transactions to communicate information clearly to users.
The document discusses the role and importance of auditors in evaluating financial information. It describes how the Enron scandal illustrated the responsibility of auditors to users of financial statements. In response, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which established oversight of auditors and required reporting on internal controls. The document then defines auditing as the accumulation and evaluation of evidence to determine if information corresponds to established criteria, and notes it should be done by competent and independent persons.
Pertemuan 2 sistem informasi akuntansi romney ch01Lukman Hakim
Sistem Informasi Akuntansi adalah suatu komponen organisasi yang mengumpulkan, mengklasifikasikan, mengolah, menganalisa dan mengkomunikasikan informasi finansial dan pengambilan keputusan yang relevan bagi pihak luar perusahaan dan pihak ekstern.
Akuntansi sendiri sebenarnya adalah sebuah Sistem Informasi.
This document discusses ethics in accounting. It provides background on the accounting profession and its roles. It then discusses issues that have tarnished the profession's image such as accounting scandals where large audit firms failed to catch falsified financial reports. The document outlines the concept of ethics for professionals and accountants specifically. It discusses threats to compliance like self-interest, self-review, advocacy, familiarity, and intimidation. Finally, it explains the framework for codes of ethics including identifying and addressing threats through safeguards created by the profession, legislation, firms, and clients.
This document outlines the key perspectives of critical accounting theory. It discusses how critical accounting theorists question prevailing social arrangements and how accounting practices contribute to inequities by sustaining privileged positions for those in control of resources. It provides learning objectives on understanding how accounting can support powerful stakeholders over less powerful ones. It defines critical perspectives as challenging the neutrality of accounting and rejecting the pluralist view that many have influence, arguing power resides with elites. It discusses how accounting constructs social structures to benefit the wealthy and how disclosure can strategically promote certain social orders. It also considers criticisms of critical perspectives and debates their role in actually creating social change.
This document provides an overview of financial information systems and accounting information systems (AIS). It defines key concepts like data, information, and the value of information. It explains the basic business processes that occur in most companies and the transactional information that flows between internal/external parties through an AIS. The document also describes the four parts of the data processing cycle and how data is captured, stored, processed, and output as information. It provides learning objectives about AIS and introduces terminology.
AIS Chapter 01 Overview Accounting Information SystemArisSuryaPutra1
This document provides an overview of accounting information systems. It defines key terms like data, information, business processes, and accounting information systems. It explains that an accounting information system collects, processes, stores and reports transactional data from business processes and converts it into meaningful information. This information helps management make decisions, plan and control organizational activities, and add value through more efficient and effective decision-making. Finally, the document discusses how an accounting information system interacts with and is influenced by a company's strategy, information technology developments and organizational culture.
COBIT provides a framework for IT governance and control that aims to ensure IT is aligned with business objectives and risks are managed appropriately. It defines four domains - plan and organize, acquire and implement, deliver and support, and monitor and evaluate - that cover 34 IT processes. For each process, COBIT establishes control objectives and requirements to help management implement controls and provide assurance that business goals will be achieved through the optimal and secure use of IT resources.
accounting information systems romney 12th edition chapter 1 manual solutionIqbalFebriyanto
The document discusses key topics in accounting information systems, including:
- Organizations produce information only if its value exceeds costs, though sometimes information is mandated even if costly.
- Some criteria for useful information can be met simultaneously, while achieving one may require sacrificing others.
- An organization's business processes, lines of business, and culture all affect the design of its accounting information system.
- While innovative systems can transfer between companies, organizational culture differences make perfect transfers unrealistic.
The document outlines objectives and tasks for information technology (IT) planning, management, operations, development, and security within an organization. The objectives are to establish tools to align IT with strategic goals, improve services, accountability, and security. Management tasks involve creating listener profiles to drive targeted content. IT operations will collect listener data to create data sources and transfer to a data warehouse for analysis. The purpose is to use business analytics to support operational decision-making and achieve business targets.
The document provides an overview of financial reporting and accounting information systems. It discusses key concepts such as the definition of accounting, the purpose of an accounting information system (AIS), the basic subsystems and functions of an AIS, how an AIS can add value to an organization, and information and decision making. The document also covers accounting concepts and assumptions including the economic entity, cost principle, going concern, monetary unit, and time period assumptions underlying financial measurement and reporting.
This document provides an introduction to information systems from a lecture at Africa Nazarene University. It defines MIS as the study of information systems in business and management. It also discusses why firms invest in information systems, giving examples like improving efficiency and developing new business models. Finally, it outlines the key components of information systems, including hardware, software, data, processes for input, processing, output and feedback of information.
The document discusses information governance, including its definition, why it is important, who is responsible, and how to implement it. Specifically, it notes that information governance aims to manage information at an enterprise level to support regulatory, risk, and operational requirements. It discusses building a valued information asset, reducing costs and increasing revenue, and optimizing resource use as benefits. Ownership resides with the business, with a governance unit providing authority and control. The "how" section outlines scoping information governance, moving from a current fragmented state to a future state of alignment. It provides examples of projects, maturity models, and next steps to implement information governance.
Copyright Notice:
This presentation is prepared by Author for Perbanas Institute as a part of Author Lecture Series. It is to be used for educational and non-commercial purposes only and is not to be changed, altered, or used for any commercial endeavor without the express written permission from Author and/or Perbanas Institute. Appropriate legal action may be taken against any person, organization, or entity attempting to misrepresent, charge, or profit from the educational materials contained here.
Authors are allowed to use their own articles without seeking permission from any person, organization, or entity.
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This document provides an overview of business intelligence (BI), including what it is, how it is implemented, examples of how organizations use BI, and the typical components involved in a BI architecture. It defines BI as a set of processes and technologies that convert raw data into meaningful and useful information for driving business decisions. The key components of a BI architecture discussed are data sources, data integration and cleansing tools, analytics data stores, BI and visualization tools, and dashboards/reports for delivering insights.
Determining the value of information literacy for employersInformAll
The document summarizes the DeVIL project, which aims to demonstrate the value of information literacy (IL) to employers. The project developed a prototype tool mapping how investments in IL contribute to business value factors like efficiency, profitability, and compliance. The tool is based on case studies of organizations that invested in areas like staff training, information systems, and work practices. It allows users to explore how IL-related resources produce value. Further work is needed to refine the tool and gather more data from diverse organizations to comprehensively capture the potential value of IL.
This document discusses collaboration technologies and their benefits. It provides an example of how ABB used an enterprise social network called Inside+ with Yammer, Office 365 and SharePoint to improve knowledge sharing, innovation and collaboration across its dispersed workforce. The system demonstrated how IT can help organizations improve performance and competitiveness through better collaboration. It also outlines some of the business benefits organizations can realize from collaboration technologies like increased productivity, quality, innovation and customer service.
The document discusses various topics related to management information systems and digital transformation, including:
1. It describes different types of information systems such as transaction processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, and executive support systems that serve different management groups.
2. It discusses how enterprise applications like ERP systems, SCM systems, CRM systems, and KMS can link the entire organization and improve processes.
3. It covers the importance of collaboration, social business, and how tools like social networking, wikis, and cloud services can facilitate knowledge sharing and innovation.
It 302 computerized accounting (week 1) - sharifahalish sha
This document provides an overview of an accounting information systems course. It defines accounting information systems and management information systems, and distinguishes between the two. It describes the primary business flows within a company and how different user groups require different types of information. The document outlines the data processing cycle, including data input, storage, processing, and output. It also discusses transaction processing systems and enterprise resource planning systems, outlining their advantages and disadvantages.
PIS Lecture notes principal of information systemsShukraShukra
This document provides an overview of an introductory course on principles of information systems. It includes the course schedule, learning objectives, and definitions of key concepts like data, information, knowledge, systems, and information systems. The lecture schedule outlines 14 classes covering topics such as strategic information systems, knowledge management, enterprise resource planning, and decision making. Definitions provided help distinguish between data, information, and knowledge. Information systems are described as sets of components that collect, process, store, and disseminate data and information to meet objectives.
Business intelligence and data analytic for value realization iyke ezeugo
This presentation centres on how Businesses can take advantage of this era of information overload for enhancing their Business Intelligence and Data Analytic exploits to assure greater values with the available technology solutions.
It is focused on demystifying the BIG DATA phenomenon of the information age, and also on motivating traditional business drivers to begin to take advantage of business decision support systems (DSS) for their business intelligence and data analytics needs. The objective is to help organizations discover what and what they can do with these ICT solutions in their business for greater value realization. These values are expressed in building agile business that are able to thrive, make profit, grow and remain sustainable in the midst of stiff competition, globalization, innovation and regulatory pressures, even with elastic customers’ demands.
The document discusses the need for a comprehensive data governance program to address challenges organizations face from increasingly complex systems, siloed projects, a lack of focus on data management, hidden and persistent data quality issues, and data being fit for the original purpose rather than future uses. It proposes a new "Information Development" competency model is required to define an enterprise-wide governance program that can effectively address these challenges in a manageable way while still fostering innovation. The document outlines moving from a focus on data governance to information governance with this new competency model and solution offering.
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OJP data from firms like Vicinity Jobs have emerged as a complement to traditional sources of labour demand data, such as the Job Vacancy and Wages Survey (JVWS). Ibrahim Abuallail, PhD Candidate, University of Ottawa, presented research relating to bias in OJPs and a proposed approach to effectively adjust OJP data to complement existing official data (such as from the JVWS) and improve the measurement of labour demand.
In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
Michael, LMIC Economist, presented findings that reveal a weakened relationship between labour market tightness and job quality indicators following the pandemic. Labour market tightness coincided with growth in real wages for only a portion of workers: those in low-wage jobs requiring little education. Several factors—including labour market composition, worker and employer behaviour, and labour market practices—have contributed to the absence of worker benefits. These will be investigated further in future work.
2. Elemental Economics - Mineral demand.pdfNeal Brewster
After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.
Abhay Bhutada, the Managing Director of Poonawalla Fincorp Limited, is an accomplished leader with over 15 years of experience in commercial and retail lending. A Qualified Chartered Accountant, he has been pivotal in leveraging technology to enhance financial services. Starting his career at Bank of India, he later founded TAB Capital Limited and co-founded Poonawalla Finance Private Limited, emphasizing digital lending. Under his leadership, Poonawalla Fincorp achieved a 'AAA' credit rating, integrating acquisitions and emphasizing corporate governance. Actively involved in industry forums and CSR initiatives, Abhay has been recognized with awards like "Young Entrepreneur of India 2017" and "40 under 40 Most Influential Leader for 2020-21." Personally, he values mindfulness, enjoys gardening, yoga, and sees every day as an opportunity for growth and improvement.
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...AntoniaOwensDetwiler
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
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This chapter has three key takeaways and introduces students to an Accounting Information System (AIS) and the fundamental concepts that accountants need to understand that business transactions in the form of business processes create data that is used for decision making.
What is the difference between data and information?
Data are just facts that are collected, recorded, and stored in a system. For example, data could be a number, a date, a name of a business. Yet the facts are not meaningful until you place the facts within a context. Then it becomes information.
For example, if the following facts are only shown below:
2/22/14
123
ABC Company
99
3
20
$60.00
The above has no meaning and you could not determine if ABC company is a customer or a vendor that you are doing business with; in addition 123 does not tell you if it’s a product number, an amount, or a number on a form. However, if data is organized and placed in the context of a sales invoice, we now have meaning and the facts are information:
Invoice Date : 2/22/14 Invoice #: 123
Customer: ABC Company
Item # Qty Price
99 3 $20
Total Invoice Amount $60
Compared to the previous slide, the data is organized within the context of a sales invoice and now is meaningful and considered information. With meaningful information, you can make decisions.
Is there such a thing as too much information? Having IT helps us use information more efficiently and effectively. For example, would students be able to do their homework efficiently and effectively without a computer or mobile device?
This is also a good way to get students to think about a “data analytic” mindset. Understanding the concepts in AIS courses will help students understand how to solve accounting problems by thinking about the information they need and where that information comes from in an AIS (see Chapter 4).
Can you think of an example when an organization would go to great costs to gather information and not get their value?
Sometimes, regulations require companies to gather information to be in compliance of new laws (this would be the benefit: compliance), yet the cost of this information may be higher. For example, organizations may have felt in the beginning when Sarbanes–Oxley Act 2002 required publicly held organizations to access the effectiveness of their internal controls (this will be discussed more in Chapter 7) that the costs were much higher than the benefit. To comply with this new act, organizations experienced great costs in the amount of time and resources used to gather the necessary information in order to access the effectiveness of their internal controls. However, with the initial investment, the cost of oversight becomes more reasonable and investors expect companies to have good internal controls.
Using examples in Problem 1.4 is a good exercise to illustrate the characteristics of useful information.
Another example to use and carry throughout the seven characteristics is to use an example of customer credit decisions:
Relevant information is needed to make a customer credit decision; the relevant information would include customer balances, payment history, credit history from other vendors, and so on.
The information is free from bias in making a credit decision; for example, when the information comes from the credit manager and not the sales manager who may have an incentive to extend customer credit to get a sale and the sales commission.
Not having customer payment history is incomplete information to make a decision on extending credit to a customer. If we only know how much the customer purchased in the past, but have no information on how timely the customer makes payments, this is not providing a complete picture to make a credit decision.
If the credit manager makes a decision based upon customer account information activity (sales and payments) from last quarter, it is not timely. For example, a customer may experience recent cash flow problems which would show that their ability to pay on time is getting later and later. If this is a recent trend, using an old report would not be useful in making a good credit decision.
If the customer account information is organized in invoice date order only and not within a customer subgroup, it is not in an understandable format to use that information to make a credit decision on a specific customer because you would have to find each invoice from the date order list.
Information is verifiable if two independent people can produce the same information on how much a customer owes today.
If the accounting system goes down before the credit manager can access the customer information, it will prohibit the credit manager from making a decision.
A good example to walk through with students would be a local restaurant near campus (e.g., a pizza restaurant).
Ask students to put themselves in the shoes of the restaurant owner; what decisions would the owner need to make to run the business successfully?
The students may have many answers that could include decisions about what products (pizzas to sell), what resources are needed to make the pizza (labor, equipment, and ingredients), whom to buy the ingredients from. How many people are needed to work at the restaurant, and what skills are required from employees (pizza maker, waiter, delivery person), and so on.
In essence, all of these decisions can be mapped to a series of business processes and from these decisions identify information that is needed to measure performance.
For example, if the key decision is what types of pizzas should I sell, the processes that may impact this decision would be sales and market information. In addition, vendor information on ingredient costs may play a role here as well (especially if it’s an exotic ingredient, expensive ingredient, or hard to source, e.g., cheese imported from Italy).
At the end of this class exercise, many of these can be mapped to Table 1-2 found on page 6.
Internal stakeholders are employees in the organization (e.g., employees and managers).
External stakeholders are trading partners, such as customers and vendors, as well as other external organizations, such as Banks and Government.
Transaction processing is covered in Chapter 2.
Examining Figure 1-2 provides a great amount of detail and insights as to the flow of information going from the internal and external stakeholders for business processes. Note that this information can be easily mapped to Figure 1-3 which shows the transactional activity “give–get” exchange.
Long Description:
The interaction of the system with various parties appears in the diagram as follows.
Parties
From S and S to the parties
From Parties to S and S
Vendors
Purchase orders
Vendor payments
Goods and services
Vendor invoices
Investors
Dividends
Financial statements
Invest funds
Creditors
Loan payments
Financial statements
Loans
Banks
Deposits
Withdrawals
Bank statements
Customers
Goods and services
Customer invoices
Customer orders
Customer payments
Employees
Wages, salaries and commissions
Labor and services
Management
Managerial reports
Financial statements
Budgets
Accounting entries
Government agencies
Taxes and Reports
Regulations and tax forms
It seems odd that the financing cycle is give cash—get cash; what does this really mean?
It basically means that a business organization can get cash in the form of a bank loan but will need to give that cash back over time in the form of monthly payments to the bank.
Or it may mean that the company can get cash from investors and give equity (which eventually turns into cash in the form of dividend payments).
There are six components to an AIS:
People use the system
Procedures and instructions used to collect, process, and store the data
Data
Software used to process the data
Information technology (i.e., computers)
Internal controls and security
These six components help the AIS fulfill three important business functions:
Collect and store data about organizational activities (through business processes).
Transform data into information so management can make decisions (plan, execute, control and evaluate activities, resources, and personnel).
Provide adequate controls to safeguard the organization’s assets and data.
A good example here is thinking back to the pizza restaurant example in the earlier slides. The owner uses an AIS to determine which pizzas are the most popular. The sales information in the AIS is used to help answer this question and provides the owner with information to know how much of certain ingredients should be on hand to make those popular pizza pies. If ingredients were to run out, then the quality of this decision would be considered poor as there would be many dissatisfied customers. In addition, this information helps the owner not to buy too much of an ingredient to have on hand to where there may be waste if the ingredients go stale.
Taking this example further to each bullet point made above can help students begin to think more about how transactional data provides information for better decision making in an organization.
Blockchains are explained in more detail in Chapter 11.
For example, if the strategy is increase profitability, an organization can increase sales revenue and decrease manufacturing costs. Each of these actions will have different informational needs to measure progress. To increase sales revenue, the company can increase prices, increase volume, or change the product mix. To decrease manufacturing costs, the company can reduce the cost of the inputs into the manufacturing process or improve the process.
Technological developments and advances have an effect on corporate strategy. Data analytics is becoming more widespread in organizations as they continue to take advantage of the technological advancements. An example is the use of predictive analysis.
Please note that students may see primary and then assume secondary is next. This is a common mistake and using the visual from Figure 1-5 in the book also as an example can help mitigate this common misperception.
A basic example involves buying a textbook. Ask the students how they generally buy a textbook (usually they buy it online or go to the bookstore); either way you can walk through the primary and support activities that are needed for them to get their textbook in time for the first day of class!
Long Description:
The value chain for “Primary activities” appears as follows:
Step 1. Inbound Logistics
Step 2. Operations
Step 3. Outbound Logistics
Step 4. Marketing and Sales
Step 5. Service
The “Secondary activities” that influence the primary activities are as follows:
Firm Infrastructure
Human Resources
Technology
Purchasing