Davia et al. mengelompokan fraud dalam ketiga kelompok sebagai berikut:
a. Fraud yang sudah ada tuntunan hukum (prosecution), tanpa memperhatikan bagamana keputusan pengadian.
b. Fraud yang ditemukan, tapi belum ada tuntunan hukum.
c. Fraud yang belum ditemukan.
(Pert 2) bab 9 materialitas dan risiko auditIlham Sousuke
Ini adalah sebuah resume dari buku Auditing and Assurance Services An Integrated Approach oleh Alvin Aren. I do not own the copyrights, it's only for educational purposes.
Davia et al. mengelompokan fraud dalam ketiga kelompok sebagai berikut:
a. Fraud yang sudah ada tuntunan hukum (prosecution), tanpa memperhatikan bagamana keputusan pengadian.
b. Fraud yang ditemukan, tapi belum ada tuntunan hukum.
c. Fraud yang belum ditemukan.
(Pert 2) bab 9 materialitas dan risiko auditIlham Sousuke
Ini adalah sebuah resume dari buku Auditing and Assurance Services An Integrated Approach oleh Alvin Aren. I do not own the copyrights, it's only for educational purposes.
Konsep materialitas dan penerapan materialitas terhadap proses auditDian Rahmah
1. Konsep Materialitas dan Penerapan Materialitas Terhadap Proses Audit
2. Materialitas adalah besarnya nilai yang dihilangkan atau salah saji informasi akuntansi, yang dilihat dari keadaan yang melingkupinya, dapat mengakibatkan perubahan atas atau pengaruh terhadap pertimbangan orang yang meletakkan kepercayaan terhadap informasi tersebut, karena adanya penghilangan atau salah saji itu.
3. Konsep materialitas berkaitan dengan seberapa salah saji yang terdapat dalam asersi dapat diterima oleh audiotr agar pemakai laporan keuangan tidak terpengaruh oleh besarnya salah saji tersebut.
Konsep risiko audit berkaitan dengan risiko kegagalan auditor dalam mengubah pendapatnya atas laporan keuangan yang sebenarnya berisi salah saji material.
4. MENGAPA KONSEP MATERIALITAS PENTING dalam AUDIT atas LAPORAN KEUANGAN ??
5. Dalam audit atas laporan keuangan, auditor memberikan keyakinan berikut ini : (1) Bahwa jumlah-jumlah yang disajikan dalam laporan keuangan beserta pengungkapannya telah dicatat, diingkas, digolongkan, dan dikompilasi. (2) Bahwa ia telah mengumpulkan bukti audit kompeten yang cukup sebagai dasar memadai untuk memberikan pendapat atas laporan keuangan auditan. (3) Dalam bentuk pendapat atau memberikan informasi, dalam hal terdapat perkecualian), bahwa laporan keuangan sebagai keseluruhan disajikan secara wajar dan tidak terdapat salah saji material karena kekeliruan dan kecurangan.
6. Dua konsep yang melandasi keyakinan yang diberikan oleh auditor: (1) Konsep materialitas menunjukan seberapa besar salah saji yangdapat diterima oleh auditor agar pemakai laporan keuangan tidak terpengaruh oleh salah saji tersebut. (2) Konsep risiko audit menunjukan tingkat risiko kegagalan auditor untuk mengubah pendapatnya atas laporan keuangan yang sebenarnya berisi salah saji material.
7. Pertimbangan Awal tentang Materialitas
Pertimbangan materialitas mencakup pertimbangan kuantitatif dan kualitatif.
- Pertimbangan Kuantitatif : Berkaitan dengan hubungan salah saji dengan jumlah kunci tertentu dalam laporan keuangan.
- Pertimbangan Kualitatif : Berkaitan dengan penyebab salah saji.
8. Materialitas dibagi menjadi 2 golongan : (1) Materialitas pada tingkat laporan keuangan. (2) Materialitas pada tingkat saldo akun.
9. Materialitas pada Tingkat Laporan Keuangan
Auditor menggunakan dua cara dalam menerapkan materialitas :
Pertama, auditor menggunakan materialitas dalam perencanaan audit.
10. Kedua, pada saat mengevaluasi bukti audit dalam pelaksanan audit.
11. Materialitas pada tingkat saldo akun adalah salah saji minimum yang mungkin terdapat dalam saldo akun yang dipandang sebagai salah saji material. Konsep materialitas pada tingkat saldo akun tidak boleh dicampuradukkan dengan istilah saldo akun material.
12. Alokasi Materialitas Laporan Keuangan ke Akun
13. Hubungan Antara Materialitas Dengan Bukti Audit
Pengujian atas pengendalian internal (Test of Controls) - Belanja SubsidiMuhammad Rafi Kambara
Pengujian atas pengendalian internal (Test of Controls) - Belanja Subsidi
Disusun oleh: Muhammad Rafi Kambara
Pengujian pengendalian merupakan pengujian terhadap kebijakan atau prosedur pengendalian internal instansi atas belanja subsidi untuk mendeteksi dan mencegah salah saji materil dalam suatu asersi laporan keuangan.
Konsep materialitas dan penerapan materialitas terhadap proses auditDian Rahmah
1. Konsep Materialitas dan Penerapan Materialitas Terhadap Proses Audit
2. Materialitas adalah besarnya nilai yang dihilangkan atau salah saji informasi akuntansi, yang dilihat dari keadaan yang melingkupinya, dapat mengakibatkan perubahan atas atau pengaruh terhadap pertimbangan orang yang meletakkan kepercayaan terhadap informasi tersebut, karena adanya penghilangan atau salah saji itu.
3. Konsep materialitas berkaitan dengan seberapa salah saji yang terdapat dalam asersi dapat diterima oleh audiotr agar pemakai laporan keuangan tidak terpengaruh oleh besarnya salah saji tersebut.
Konsep risiko audit berkaitan dengan risiko kegagalan auditor dalam mengubah pendapatnya atas laporan keuangan yang sebenarnya berisi salah saji material.
4. MENGAPA KONSEP MATERIALITAS PENTING dalam AUDIT atas LAPORAN KEUANGAN ??
5. Dalam audit atas laporan keuangan, auditor memberikan keyakinan berikut ini : (1) Bahwa jumlah-jumlah yang disajikan dalam laporan keuangan beserta pengungkapannya telah dicatat, diingkas, digolongkan, dan dikompilasi. (2) Bahwa ia telah mengumpulkan bukti audit kompeten yang cukup sebagai dasar memadai untuk memberikan pendapat atas laporan keuangan auditan. (3) Dalam bentuk pendapat atau memberikan informasi, dalam hal terdapat perkecualian), bahwa laporan keuangan sebagai keseluruhan disajikan secara wajar dan tidak terdapat salah saji material karena kekeliruan dan kecurangan.
6. Dua konsep yang melandasi keyakinan yang diberikan oleh auditor: (1) Konsep materialitas menunjukan seberapa besar salah saji yangdapat diterima oleh auditor agar pemakai laporan keuangan tidak terpengaruh oleh salah saji tersebut. (2) Konsep risiko audit menunjukan tingkat risiko kegagalan auditor untuk mengubah pendapatnya atas laporan keuangan yang sebenarnya berisi salah saji material.
7. Pertimbangan Awal tentang Materialitas
Pertimbangan materialitas mencakup pertimbangan kuantitatif dan kualitatif.
- Pertimbangan Kuantitatif : Berkaitan dengan hubungan salah saji dengan jumlah kunci tertentu dalam laporan keuangan.
- Pertimbangan Kualitatif : Berkaitan dengan penyebab salah saji.
8. Materialitas dibagi menjadi 2 golongan : (1) Materialitas pada tingkat laporan keuangan. (2) Materialitas pada tingkat saldo akun.
9. Materialitas pada Tingkat Laporan Keuangan
Auditor menggunakan dua cara dalam menerapkan materialitas :
Pertama, auditor menggunakan materialitas dalam perencanaan audit.
10. Kedua, pada saat mengevaluasi bukti audit dalam pelaksanan audit.
11. Materialitas pada tingkat saldo akun adalah salah saji minimum yang mungkin terdapat dalam saldo akun yang dipandang sebagai salah saji material. Konsep materialitas pada tingkat saldo akun tidak boleh dicampuradukkan dengan istilah saldo akun material.
12. Alokasi Materialitas Laporan Keuangan ke Akun
13. Hubungan Antara Materialitas Dengan Bukti Audit
Pengujian atas pengendalian internal (Test of Controls) - Belanja SubsidiMuhammad Rafi Kambara
Pengujian atas pengendalian internal (Test of Controls) - Belanja Subsidi
Disusun oleh: Muhammad Rafi Kambara
Pengujian pengendalian merupakan pengujian terhadap kebijakan atau prosedur pengendalian internal instansi atas belanja subsidi untuk mendeteksi dan mencegah salah saji materil dalam suatu asersi laporan keuangan.
Auditing Pro 8 Beta is one of the Excellent Software Solution for Auditing with 12 Specialized Modules and Complete ERP Suite for Successful Business Professional.
Learning and Certification Program By Muhammad Khurram Baig SDC,Islamabd Approved Trainer and HR Training Provider.
For more information please contact ribams99@gmail.com
Business Ethics case study on spectacular rise and fall of Enron. Enron Corporation was an American energy, commodities, and services company based in Houston, Texas.
The Enron scandal (Accounting Fraud), publicized in October 2001, eventually led to the bankruptcy of the Enron Corporation
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
How Does CRISIL Evaluate Lenders in India for Credit RatingsShaheen Kumar
CRISIL evaluates lenders in India by analyzing financial performance, loan portfolio quality, risk management practices, capital adequacy, market position, and adherence to regulatory requirements. This comprehensive assessment ensures a thorough evaluation of creditworthiness and financial strength. Each criterion is meticulously examined to provide credible and reliable ratings.
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
Lecture slide titled Fraud Risk Mitigation, Webinar Lecture Delivered at the Society for West African Internal Audit Practitioners (SWAIAP) on Wednesday, November 8, 2023.
1. Elemental Economics - Introduction to mining.pdfNeal Brewster
After this first you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
The Auditor must be qualified to understand the criteria used and must be competent to know the types and amount of evidence to accumulate to reach the proper conclusion after the evidence has been examined. The competence of the individual performing the audit is of little value if he or she is biased in the accumulation and evaluation of evidence.
The user may go to the business premises to examine records and obtain information about the reliability of the statements. There is considerable legal precedent that management is responsible for providing reliable information to users.
Assurance services are independent professional services that improve the quality of information for decision makers.
In the audit of historical financial statements, management asserts that the statements are fairly stated in accordance with applicable US or international accounting standards. For an audit of internal controls over financial reporting, management asserts that internal controls have been developed and implemented following well-established criteria. For a review of historical financial statements, management asserts that the statements are fairly stated in accordance with accounting standards which are the same as for audits. For attestations on information technology, management makes various assertions about the reliability and security of electronic information. CPAs provide numerous other attestation services and many of these are natural extensions of the audit of historical financial statements as users seek independent assurances about other types of information.
The operational audit evaluates the efficiency and effectiveness of any part of an organization's operating procedures and methods.
A compliance audit is conducted to determine whether the auditee is following specific procedures, rules or regulations set by some higher authority. Some examples may include determining whether accounting personnel are following procedures prescribed by the controller, review wage rates for compliance with minimum wage laws, and examine contractual agreements with bankers and other lenders to be sure the company is complying with legal requirements.