The document discusses the role of theory in management research. It begins by defining key concepts like theory, methodology, and method. It then discusses how theories can help make sense of the world, understand causation, predict outcomes, and guide research. Theories are developed and tested through empirical research, with adjustments made based on findings. Good theories are parsimonious, broad, accurate, and falsifiable. The document emphasizes that theories are approximations rather than proven truths.
This document provides an overview of a research methods module. It defines research as the investigation of an idea, subject, or topic for a purpose to extend knowledge or explore theory. The module objectives are to define the research process, understand qualitative and quantitative methods, deploy these methods in business contexts, and report findings. Students will complete a research project in groups and write reflections on their research practice. There will also be an examination with multiple choice and short answer questions. Key dates are provided for assignments and presentations.
What constitutes a theoretical contributionAnuj Bhatia
This document discusses the components and development of theory in management. It defines theory as a simplified representation of reality that describes and explains phenomena. Key components of theory include concepts, constructs, variables, and their relationships. A theory represents the connection between concepts and constructs to explain part of reality. The document outlines the building blocks of theory development, including factors (variables, constructs, concepts), how they are connected, why certain causal relationships exist, and limitations based on temporal, contextual and other factors. It discusses what constitutes a legitimate theoretical contribution, such as proposing new relationships between variables or challenging existing theories. Factors for evaluating conceptual papers on theory include assessing what is new, its significance, justification, quality and relevance.
Chapter 1: The Lighthouse of Your Thesis/DissertationMaria Sanchez
We discuss why the first chapter of your dissertation is so important that you have to look at it whenever a decision is needed. Its role, structure, and process to develop it are discussed as well the role of the other chapters of a thesis/dissertation
This document provides guidance on how to make a theoretical contribution in empirical research. It defines theory and explains why theory is important both philosophically and practically for management research. The document outlines common mistakes to avoid, such as only naming existing theories without contributing to them, or claiming a gap exists when prior literature already addresses an area. It then describes several common types of theoretical contributions, such as identifying moderators/mediators, applying theories in new contexts, or introducing new constructs. The document emphasizes that the introduction is the most crucial section for motivating the theoretical gap and contribution. It concludes by advising the hard work involved in developing theory and providing references for further reading.
Hcic muller guha davis geyer shami 2015 06-29Michael Muller
Grounded theory and machine learning methods have more similarities than initially expected. Both approaches involve modeling theories or descriptions up from the data through an iterative process of constant comparison between the emerging theory/description and the data. They also both involve modeling down from a priori premises by applying theorized categories or relationships to the data and refining them based on how well they fit the data. A key difference is that grounded theory aims to develop theory without prematurely imposing categories, while machine learning often involves applying theorized categories or relationships to data from the beginning.
The document discusses criticisms of the field of human-computer interaction (HCI) and proposes an approach to understanding HCI as problem-solving. It summarizes HCI research as addressing three types of problems - empirical, conceptual, and constructive. It evaluates whether the field is doing a good job based on analyses of award-winning papers, finding they focus more on empirical and constructive problems and that conceptual problems are underrepresented. It concludes the field could improve by more clearly defining what constitutes a significant research problem and good research.
This document provides an overview of a research methods module. It defines research as the investigation of an idea, subject, or topic for a purpose to extend knowledge or explore theory. The module objectives are to define the research process, understand qualitative and quantitative methods, deploy these methods in business contexts, and report findings. Students will complete a research project in groups and write reflections on their research practice. There will also be an examination with multiple choice and short answer questions. Key dates are provided for assignments and presentations.
What constitutes a theoretical contributionAnuj Bhatia
This document discusses the components and development of theory in management. It defines theory as a simplified representation of reality that describes and explains phenomena. Key components of theory include concepts, constructs, variables, and their relationships. A theory represents the connection between concepts and constructs to explain part of reality. The document outlines the building blocks of theory development, including factors (variables, constructs, concepts), how they are connected, why certain causal relationships exist, and limitations based on temporal, contextual and other factors. It discusses what constitutes a legitimate theoretical contribution, such as proposing new relationships between variables or challenging existing theories. Factors for evaluating conceptual papers on theory include assessing what is new, its significance, justification, quality and relevance.
Chapter 1: The Lighthouse of Your Thesis/DissertationMaria Sanchez
We discuss why the first chapter of your dissertation is so important that you have to look at it whenever a decision is needed. Its role, structure, and process to develop it are discussed as well the role of the other chapters of a thesis/dissertation
This document provides guidance on how to make a theoretical contribution in empirical research. It defines theory and explains why theory is important both philosophically and practically for management research. The document outlines common mistakes to avoid, such as only naming existing theories without contributing to them, or claiming a gap exists when prior literature already addresses an area. It then describes several common types of theoretical contributions, such as identifying moderators/mediators, applying theories in new contexts, or introducing new constructs. The document emphasizes that the introduction is the most crucial section for motivating the theoretical gap and contribution. It concludes by advising the hard work involved in developing theory and providing references for further reading.
Hcic muller guha davis geyer shami 2015 06-29Michael Muller
Grounded theory and machine learning methods have more similarities than initially expected. Both approaches involve modeling theories or descriptions up from the data through an iterative process of constant comparison between the emerging theory/description and the data. They also both involve modeling down from a priori premises by applying theorized categories or relationships to the data and refining them based on how well they fit the data. A key difference is that grounded theory aims to develop theory without prematurely imposing categories, while machine learning often involves applying theorized categories or relationships to data from the beginning.
The document discusses criticisms of the field of human-computer interaction (HCI) and proposes an approach to understanding HCI as problem-solving. It summarizes HCI research as addressing three types of problems - empirical, conceptual, and constructive. It evaluates whether the field is doing a good job based on analyses of award-winning papers, finding they focus more on empirical and constructive problems and that conceptual problems are underrepresented. It concludes the field could improve by more clearly defining what constitutes a significant research problem and good research.
The research problem statement is one of the first steps in developing a Doctoral Thesis proposal. It is the starting point of the research process. Identifiable aspects of a research problem include something is broken, it has a cause and effect relationship, and there are initial observations and evidence mentioned. Developing a research problem statement from an identified problem isn’t easy but is an essential step in the thesis proposal process. To assist in the what and how, the Doctorate Hub team has been putting together this slideshow.
This document summarizes key steps in formulating a research topic from a textbook on research methods. It discusses generating ideas, identifying attributes of good topics, and turning ideas into clear research questions and objectives. Specific techniques are presented for coming up with ideas like examining strengths/interests, literature reviews, and brainstorming. Good topics are feasible within time/resource constraints and address issues linked to theory. The document provides examples of turning broad topics into focused research questions.
What's hot in entrepreneurship research 2013 is an international expert survey aimed at the identification of relevant topics and methods. According to the survey, the entrepreneurial process, social entrepreneurship as well as entrepreneurial thinking and behavior are currently the most relevant topics within the field of entrepreneurship research. Methods are still dominated by quantitative approaches, respondents perceive them, however, as being associated with less potential to generate new insights when compared to other analytical approaches. In particular qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) is identified as a new or underappreciated method going along with the potential for new and interesting findings.
On practical philosophy of research in science and technologySeppo Karrila
An attempt to indoctrinate graduate students with some philosophy of science and good practices in their research. Some references are included to disturbing trends known from poor practices that appear common to some fields, to make clear the importance of reliable methods, in particular the Scientific Method. Trigger warning: not trying to be nice to everybody.
This document discusses expectations for thesis writing and how examiners will evaluate a thesis. It provides guidance on what makes an outstanding thesis, such as novelty, clear objectives, and elegant design. It also describes common examiner remarks about weaknesses, like poor presentation or an incomplete literature review. The document emphasizes establishing a clear research problem, comprehensive literature review, well-described methodology, appropriate data analysis, logical discussion of results, and conclusions supported by the data. Following these guidelines can help students write a strong thesis that makes an original contribution to knowledge in their field.
Current challenges for educational technology researchMartin Oliver
Current challenges for educational technology research
Mayes described educational technology research as being like the film, 'Groundhog Day', with "cycles of high expectation [...] followed by proportionate disappointment", and "a cyclical failure to learn from the past". Fifteen years on, this experience still rings true.
Is this pattern inevitable and inescapable? This paper identified several challenges faced by work in this area. Together, they go some way towards explaining this pattern, and identifying what will need to change if we are to break out of this.
These challenges include the strategic difficulty of maintaining research work across cycles of new technology; the methodological challenge of studying things people have forgotten they are using; the epistemological challenge of reconceptualising the relationship between technology, users and effects; the practical challenge of knowing our learners; and the political challenge of securing funding for anything other than instrumental, applied work.
----
Seminar at Oxford education department, 17/11/10. Cited papers listed in the speaker's notes.
This document discusses identifying and defining research problems. It provides examples to illustrate research and non-research problems. A research problem has a discrepancy between what is and what should be, a question about why the discrepancy exists, and at least two plausible answers. The document also outlines situations to avoid in problem selection and provides guidance on properly defining the research problem through literature reviews and establishing clear boundaries.
This presentation formed part of the HEA-funded workshop 'Critical thinking in action: developing analytical skills in Criminology students. An experiential learning approach'
The workshop presented research and facilitated discussion on developing critical thinking skills in criminology students. Discussion of research results and use of a case study approach to teaching and learning highlighted how student views/concerns about their failure in developing critical thinking skills can be addressed via new directions in teaching.
This presentation forms part of a blog post which can be accessed via:
For further details of HEA Social Sciences work relating to active and experiential learning please see: http://www.heacademy.ac.uk/resources/detail/disciplines/Soc_Sci/Strategic_2013/ActiveandExperiential
This is a presentation on how to build your problem statement given in the course AR3U012 Methods for Urbanism of the TU Delft (Delft University of Technology). This is prepared for students of urbanism, urban planning and urban design.
The document discusses research philosophies and approaches. It defines key terms like ontology, epistemology, and research paradigms. It explains philosophies like positivism, realism, and interpretivism. It also distinguishes between deductive and inductive research approaches and how to choose the right approach based on factors like the research topic and time available.
The document discusses research problems and problem statements. It provides guidance on writing a clear problem statement, including that it should introduce an area of concern, condition to improve, or difficulty to eliminate. A good problem statement must also be researchable, original, contributory, and pass the ROC test of being researchable, original, and contributory. The purpose of a problem statement is to introduce and orient readers to the importance and scope of the topic being studied.
This document provides guidance on selecting a dissertation topic based on Charles Tilly's conceptual illustration. It recommends aiming for a topic that fills an information gap or provides new answers to old questions using evidence from several instances, as these have the ideal scope and range for dissertation work. More innovative or wide-reaching topics that could greatly impact the field but also face greater risk of opposition are best left for post-doctoral research. The document also includes questionnaires to help formulate research questions and evaluate proposed answers.
To accompany a patter blog post. patthomson.net The slides address a common problem which people often have after a period of free writing or that they may find when they are reading a paper. These are strategies for the writer to try out.
This presentation includes academic material on what constitutes a contribution in academic research. It is the result of inputs from several researchers - see presentation sources for more details and follow-up reading.
Theoretical or conceptual frameworks for dissertations or theses 2016DoctoralNet Limited
What is the difference between and usefulness of conceptual vs theoretical frameworks in research? These slides and the corresponding webinar considered each, testing our ideas and using them as a step towards the significance of our work?
A research paper writing is a problem for every newcomer in the research field. This slide deck explains research writing in simple words and examples.
Final translational research powerpointslides final 5 30-14[1]CPEDInitiative
This document discusses translational research and how it can be applied in education. Translational research aims to bridge the gap between research and practice. It includes action steps, forms partnerships with communities, and generates co-authored interventions. The training of translational researchers involves problem-based and transdisciplinary work with mentoring. Scholarly practitioners are seen as potential translational researchers as they blend practical wisdom with professional skills to solve problems of practice and disseminate their work collaboratively. Breakout groups at the event discussed how to encourage scholarly practitioners to adopt problem-finding orientations, become better reflective thinkers, and work on transdisciplinary teams across institutions.
The research problem statement is one of the first steps in developing a Doctoral Thesis proposal. It is the starting point of the research process. Identifiable aspects of a research problem include something is broken, it has a cause and effect relationship, and there are initial observations and evidence mentioned. Developing a research problem statement from an identified problem isn’t easy but is an essential step in the thesis proposal process. To assist in the what and how, the Doctorate Hub team has been putting together this slideshow.
This document summarizes key steps in formulating a research topic from a textbook on research methods. It discusses generating ideas, identifying attributes of good topics, and turning ideas into clear research questions and objectives. Specific techniques are presented for coming up with ideas like examining strengths/interests, literature reviews, and brainstorming. Good topics are feasible within time/resource constraints and address issues linked to theory. The document provides examples of turning broad topics into focused research questions.
What's hot in entrepreneurship research 2013 is an international expert survey aimed at the identification of relevant topics and methods. According to the survey, the entrepreneurial process, social entrepreneurship as well as entrepreneurial thinking and behavior are currently the most relevant topics within the field of entrepreneurship research. Methods are still dominated by quantitative approaches, respondents perceive them, however, as being associated with less potential to generate new insights when compared to other analytical approaches. In particular qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) is identified as a new or underappreciated method going along with the potential for new and interesting findings.
On practical philosophy of research in science and technologySeppo Karrila
An attempt to indoctrinate graduate students with some philosophy of science and good practices in their research. Some references are included to disturbing trends known from poor practices that appear common to some fields, to make clear the importance of reliable methods, in particular the Scientific Method. Trigger warning: not trying to be nice to everybody.
This document discusses expectations for thesis writing and how examiners will evaluate a thesis. It provides guidance on what makes an outstanding thesis, such as novelty, clear objectives, and elegant design. It also describes common examiner remarks about weaknesses, like poor presentation or an incomplete literature review. The document emphasizes establishing a clear research problem, comprehensive literature review, well-described methodology, appropriate data analysis, logical discussion of results, and conclusions supported by the data. Following these guidelines can help students write a strong thesis that makes an original contribution to knowledge in their field.
Current challenges for educational technology researchMartin Oliver
Current challenges for educational technology research
Mayes described educational technology research as being like the film, 'Groundhog Day', with "cycles of high expectation [...] followed by proportionate disappointment", and "a cyclical failure to learn from the past". Fifteen years on, this experience still rings true.
Is this pattern inevitable and inescapable? This paper identified several challenges faced by work in this area. Together, they go some way towards explaining this pattern, and identifying what will need to change if we are to break out of this.
These challenges include the strategic difficulty of maintaining research work across cycles of new technology; the methodological challenge of studying things people have forgotten they are using; the epistemological challenge of reconceptualising the relationship between technology, users and effects; the practical challenge of knowing our learners; and the political challenge of securing funding for anything other than instrumental, applied work.
----
Seminar at Oxford education department, 17/11/10. Cited papers listed in the speaker's notes.
This document discusses identifying and defining research problems. It provides examples to illustrate research and non-research problems. A research problem has a discrepancy between what is and what should be, a question about why the discrepancy exists, and at least two plausible answers. The document also outlines situations to avoid in problem selection and provides guidance on properly defining the research problem through literature reviews and establishing clear boundaries.
This presentation formed part of the HEA-funded workshop 'Critical thinking in action: developing analytical skills in Criminology students. An experiential learning approach'
The workshop presented research and facilitated discussion on developing critical thinking skills in criminology students. Discussion of research results and use of a case study approach to teaching and learning highlighted how student views/concerns about their failure in developing critical thinking skills can be addressed via new directions in teaching.
This presentation forms part of a blog post which can be accessed via:
For further details of HEA Social Sciences work relating to active and experiential learning please see: http://www.heacademy.ac.uk/resources/detail/disciplines/Soc_Sci/Strategic_2013/ActiveandExperiential
This is a presentation on how to build your problem statement given in the course AR3U012 Methods for Urbanism of the TU Delft (Delft University of Technology). This is prepared for students of urbanism, urban planning and urban design.
The document discusses research philosophies and approaches. It defines key terms like ontology, epistemology, and research paradigms. It explains philosophies like positivism, realism, and interpretivism. It also distinguishes between deductive and inductive research approaches and how to choose the right approach based on factors like the research topic and time available.
The document discusses research problems and problem statements. It provides guidance on writing a clear problem statement, including that it should introduce an area of concern, condition to improve, or difficulty to eliminate. A good problem statement must also be researchable, original, contributory, and pass the ROC test of being researchable, original, and contributory. The purpose of a problem statement is to introduce and orient readers to the importance and scope of the topic being studied.
This document provides guidance on selecting a dissertation topic based on Charles Tilly's conceptual illustration. It recommends aiming for a topic that fills an information gap or provides new answers to old questions using evidence from several instances, as these have the ideal scope and range for dissertation work. More innovative or wide-reaching topics that could greatly impact the field but also face greater risk of opposition are best left for post-doctoral research. The document also includes questionnaires to help formulate research questions and evaluate proposed answers.
To accompany a patter blog post. patthomson.net The slides address a common problem which people often have after a period of free writing or that they may find when they are reading a paper. These are strategies for the writer to try out.
This presentation includes academic material on what constitutes a contribution in academic research. It is the result of inputs from several researchers - see presentation sources for more details and follow-up reading.
Theoretical or conceptual frameworks for dissertations or theses 2016DoctoralNet Limited
What is the difference between and usefulness of conceptual vs theoretical frameworks in research? These slides and the corresponding webinar considered each, testing our ideas and using them as a step towards the significance of our work?
A research paper writing is a problem for every newcomer in the research field. This slide deck explains research writing in simple words and examples.
Final translational research powerpointslides final 5 30-14[1]CPEDInitiative
This document discusses translational research and how it can be applied in education. Translational research aims to bridge the gap between research and practice. It includes action steps, forms partnerships with communities, and generates co-authored interventions. The training of translational researchers involves problem-based and transdisciplinary work with mentoring. Scholarly practitioners are seen as potential translational researchers as they blend practical wisdom with professional skills to solve problems of practice and disseminate their work collaboratively. Breakout groups at the event discussed how to encourage scholarly practitioners to adopt problem-finding orientations, become better reflective thinkers, and work on transdisciplinary teams across institutions.
This document provides an overview of a workshop for a module on the philosophy of learning and teaching in higher education. The workshop includes introductions and discussion of topics like mentoring, the modular structure, work plans and targets, learning theories, higher education policy, and core professional values. Activities involve reflecting on concepts like academic identity, the hidden curriculum, and critical perspectives. The document outlines the aims and intended learning outcomes of exploring theories of higher education and applying understanding to improve various aspects of teaching and learning.
The document discusses theories and the theoretical framework in research. It defines a theory as an organized set of concepts and principles that aim to explain a phenomenon. Theorizing is the process of systematically developing ideas to understand a phenomenon. A theoretical framework provides the basis for research and helps explain why a problem exists. It should specify the theories used, relevant concepts, and relationships between variables. The conceptual framework operationalizes the theoretical framework by identifying variables and relationships to give direction to the study. Different research designs are needed depending on whether the study involves qualitative or quantitative data analysis.
This document provides information about conducting an action research project. It discusses key topics such as the legal basis for action research, eligible participants, types of action research, and steps to accomplish a project. Guidelines are provided for developing an acceptable research title and questions. The document also outlines ethical standards and statistical tools that can be used for data analysis. Overall, the document serves as a guide for educators on how to properly plan and carry out an action research study.
ACTION LEARNING, KNOWLEDGE CREATION AND ORGANISATION LEARNING Jamil Nahra
Paper work presented by PROFESSOR JEFF GOLD @ the 1ST ACTION LEARNING FORUM in Dubai, 29/05/2014, Organized by The Emirates Center for Organizational Learning of the Emirates Identity Authority
Action research is a philosophy and methodology of research generally applied in the social sciences. It seeks trasformative change through the simultaneous process of taking action and doing research which are linked together by critical reflection
This document discusses explanatory evaluation as a methodology to better understand the effects of policy interventions. Explanatory evaluation aims to determine how and why interventions work (or not), providing a finer level of detail than traditional impact evaluations. It involves reconstructing the underlying theory of the intervention, developing hypotheses about change mechanisms, and testing these hypotheses through field studies with different stakeholders. The goal is to gain insights into what works for whom and in what contexts to inform future policy. The methodology is proposed as a way to complement impact evaluations and provide more explanatory power for policymakers.
Research involves systematically and logically investigating questions or problems in an organized fashion. It can involve collecting facts through various methods like observation, surveys, and experiments. There are different types of reasoning used in research like induction, deduction, and scientific inquiry. A good research process identifies a problem, formulates a hypothesis, designs a methodology to test the hypothesis, collects and analyzes data, and interprets results to draw conclusions. Selecting an appropriate research problem requires considering factors like the researcher's interest, capabilities, and whether the problem is feasible, worthwhile, and makes an original contribution.
This document outlines the learning objectives and content for a course on research methods for computer science and software engineering. The objectives include explaining the purpose of research, understanding basic research concepts, acquiring skills to formulate research problems and design research projects. The document discusses different research approaches like quantitative, qualitative and design science methods. It also covers topics like theories, constructs, variables, conceptual frameworks, propositions, and hypotheses. The teaching methods will include lectures, group work, projects and presentations. Students will be evaluated based on assignments, exams and participation.
The document discusses various theoretical frameworks that can be applied in research. It defines a theoretical framework as the blueprint that guides a study based on existing theories in the literature. A conceptual framework is the researcher's own model for explaining relationships between main variables. Key aspects of developing a theoretical or conceptual framework are identifying relevant theories and concepts from literature and ensuring good fit with the research problem, questions and methodology. Several examples of theoretical frameworks are provided, including stakeholder theory, signaling theory, attribution theory, and diffusion of innovation theory.
1. Formulating a research problem is an important step that outlines the research process and study. A research problem addresses a gap in knowledge or contradiction and helps define the aim and scope of a study.
2. Characteristics of a good research problem include reflecting on issues in a field, relying on evidence, and being practical. Researchers must evaluate if a problem is researchable, novel, and significant.
3. Sources for identifying research problems include professional experience, literature reviews, theories, and social or technological changes within a field. Defining a well-structured problem helps create focused, innovative research.
The document discusses research challenges and commercialization challenges. It provides definitions of basic research and applied research. It explains the differences between research and development approaches. It outlines typical activity details and timeframes for research processes like establishing context, selecting and designing methods, undertaking research, analysis and validation, and review and evaluation. It also discusses managing researchers, choosing good scientific problems, and MIMOS' role in supporting industry and market creation through technology creation, research, and commercialization.
The document provides an overview of research, defining it as a scientific study or investigation conducted systematically and logically to gain knowledge or solve problems. It discusses the basic process of research and its purposes, which include discovering new knowledge, solving problems, proving theories, and increasing understanding. The document also differentiates research from simply collecting or reporting information. It presents examples to classify as research or not based on whether they employ systematic data collection and analysis to interpret findings. Finally, it outlines different types of research classified by purpose, including basic, applied, action, and developmental research.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
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Role of theory in management research -- Dr Yasser Bhatti
1. Role of theory in
management research
Dr Yasser Bhatti
PhD Oxon, FHEA, MSc, MoT, MSc, BEng USA
Lecturer in Innovation and Strategy, Queen Mary University of London
Lecturer in Management, New College, University of Oxford
Honorary Lecturer, Imperial College London
26 November, 2018
3. Vocabulary of research
• Enquire (seek information by questioning)
• Examine (look at or actively observe)
• Explore (seek the unknown)
• Explain (discover cause and effect)
Adapted from QMUL, MSc Dissertation Module (2018)
4. Research questions as puzzles, or problems
Research design = how you plan your dissertation
... & also the logical structure of the plan and its adequacy for the research objectives
• Developmental Puzzle
• How much of Y exists?
• Why did X develop?
• Mechanical Puzzle
• How does X work?
• Correlational Puzzle
• What (if any) relationship is there between variable X and variable Y?
• Causal Puzzle
• Why does X cause (or strongly influence) Y?
• Essence Puzzle
• Why is X assumed?
Adapted from QMUL, MSc Dissertation Module (2018)
5. Research questions as puzzles, or problems
• Developmental Puzzle – how many women do we have on boards? Why do we
have the glass ceiling?
• Mechanical Puzzle – how does the glass ceiling work?
• Correlational Puzzle – is there a link between less women on board and poor
corporate performance?
• Causal Puzzle – why does the existence of male-dominated boards affect the
chances of aspiring female leaders
• Essence Puzzle – why is it assumed that women are less effective leaders than
men?
• Which theories might be useful for you to investigate the above?
Adapted from QMUL, MSc Dissertation Module (2018)
6. Theories
• Every time you try to learn from your experience, you are developing
a theory that helps to explain what you see
• A theory is a statement of what causes something
• Something you try to falsify, not prove
8. Parsons, T., 1938. The role of theory in social research. American Sociological Review, 3(1), pp.13-20.
9. Theories help us to
1. Make sense of the world
• Can organize the subject matter
• Put them into abstract constructs and concepts
2. Understand how and why something happens
• Based on core assumptions
• Develop relationships
3. Predict future occurrences
• Forecast trends
• Hypothesize outcomes
4. Guide and focus research
• What are related problems
• What are appropriate methods for investigation
Adapted from White. ___Theories in Social Research. https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~jpiliavi/357/theory.white.pdf
11. Example
• Feathers are what make you fly
• but ostriches don't fly and bats do
• => it is not because of feathers
• Wings are what make you fly
• But squirrels can glide
• => it is not because of wings
• Hollow bones are what make you fly
• But insects don’t have bones
• => it is not because of bone structure or weight
• Bernoulli: It is rather shape and interaction with air
Image source: http://sped2work.tripod.com/davinci.html and http://www.aviation-history.com/theory/airfoil.htm
12. Theories change frequently
1. Theories are developed
2. Tested empirically, by the derivation of hypotheses and carrying out
of research
3. Some hypotheses are confirmed, others are not
4. The theory is adjusted to take account of these findings
13. Popper’s Falsifiability
• The process of building theory is one of progressive approximations to
“truth” but no theory is ever true. They are only more or less useful.
Image source: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2154839/Black-swan-stands-gatecrashing-group-600-white-ones-ancient-swannery.html
1934
14.
15. Clayton Christensen: The process of research, 19 June 2013
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJzYTxXH7R0
16. Good Theories are
1. Parsimonius: Able to explain in simple and few terms
2. Broad: Able to explain several phenomena
3. Accurate: Able to predict new instances of phenomena
4. Falsifiable: Able to be revised in the face of anomalies
Adapted from White. ___Theories in Social Research. https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~jpiliavi/357/theory.white.pdf
17. Sample thesis I recently marked
• What mark would you give? Why?
• What are the strengths?
• What are the weaknesses?
18. Structure
Problem in the World
Lens
Methods
Findings
Discussion
Conclusion
V. Important
Important
Appropriate
Adapted from Lawrence, Tom (2017), Paper writing workshop
19. Introduction – four components
Paragraph 1: An important problem in the world
Paragraph 2: A useful lens through which you can see, interpret and
understand that problem
Paragraph 3: An appropriate method/situation within which you can
employ that lens
Paragraph 4: Compelling contributions that emanate from the
intersection of the first three elements
Adapted from Lawrence, Tom (2017), Paper writing workshop
20. Problem-Focused Writing
A method through which to apply the lens
A lens through which to explore the problem
A problem in the world
Adapted from Lawrence, Tom (2017), Paper writing workshop
21. Worlds Vary and Worlds Matter
Worlds vary in size,
languages and politics
Writing about a problem
in a world requires a
fluency in the language
and a commitment to the
people
So, choose a world you
want to live in for a while
Adapted from Lawrence, Tom (2017), Paper writing workshop
23. My world: Innovation
• Sources (who, where)
• Who innovates?
• Where to find it?
• Process (how)
• How does it happen and diffuse?
• Outcomes (what).
• What does it do?
23
24. Choose Your World
Draw a big circle with a
heading in it that
describes the world
within which the
problem you will
address is located and
within which your
paper will be most
relevant and interesting
(or draw two if you are
not sure)
My world of innovation studies
World of social entrepreneurship
Adapted from Lawrence, Tom (2017), Paper writing workshop
28. Why a Lens?
• We cannot “solve” problems in the world at a general level
• We can't fix problems without seeing through the right equipment
• Failing to explicitly articulate a lens will almost always result in a
broad but shallow contribution
• Key is SHARP FOCUS
29. Different lenses different things for the same object
https://petapixel.com/2015/05/27/this-telescope-uses-10-canon-lenses-worth-100000/
30. Literature Reviews – what use?
Problem in the world +
Useful Lens
• Establish foundations
• Leverage strengths
• Novelty is a byproduct of focus
Gap in the literature
• Reveal gaps
• Exploit weaknesses
• Novelty is the goal
Adapted from Lawrence, Tom (2017), Paper writing workshop
31. Figure 1.1: Identifying unexplored literature
Innovation Studies
Under Constraints
Mostly Resource Scarcity OR
Institutional Voids
Social Entrepreneurs
marked by Institutional Voids AND
Resource Scarcity
Function
Under Constraints
How conceptualise?
Literature Stream 1 Literature Stream 2
Common contingencies
GIVEN these
Bhatti, Y., Basu, R., Barron, D., & Ventresca, M. 2018. Frugal Innovation: Models, Means, Methods. Cambridge University Press.
32. Figure 1.2: Conceptual framework
(i) Capital, skills, labour
(iii) Contracts, rules, trust, legitimacy
(ii) Customers with low affordability
(iv) Distribution and supply chain for
access
Innovation by
Social
Entrepreneurs
Upstream Inputs Downstream Outputs
Resource Scarcity
Institutional Voids
Bhatti, Y., Basu, R., Barron, D., & Ventresca, M. 2018. Frugal Innovation: Models, Means, Methods. Cambridge University Press.
34. Example from my current paper in progress
• Opening statement: The problem I explore in this paper is how can business schools respond to recent calls to improve
their teaching and learning for greater and general impact beyond academia.
• (World:) Management education has had high expectations on it in terms of training decision makers to better deal with
real world managerial problems.
• (Problem: ) Business schools are under pressure to exhibit positive impact both in the classroom environment but also
outside of the classroom to help solve real works problems and conundrums. They have to provide value for money for
both the participants, the companies that hire these graduates and need to carry out research or projects that improve
business outcomes. This is an important problem because business school have faced much criticism in management
education for both the learning and the kind of business school graduates and future managers they produce. If this
criticism is not responded to adequately, business schools may lose legitimacy and consequently lose customers i.e.
students and sponsors.
• (Lens: ) In order to examine the problem, I use the lens of Van de Ven’s (2007) ‘Engaged Scholarship’ where he exhorted
action among academics to put their theories into practice, and managers to put their practice into theory. By engaged
scholarship, I mean reaching out to different stakeholders who would be engaged enough to take ownership of the
problem and therefore feedback into the process to improve the outcomes. One reason this is an important lens with
which to explore this problem is that engaged scholarship helps link theory with practice and therefore poses opportunity
for impact on decision makers.
• (Method: ) To explore the role of this lens in this problem, I use a case study method of an executive education
programme that uses live case method as a teaching tool. By live case method I mean inviting managers from a real world
organization into the classroom for them to share their current conundrum with the participants to solve. I show that the
executive education has helped resolved this problem of how can business schools respond to recent calls to improve their
teaching and learning for greater and general impact beyond academia.
35. Focused PhD: You show that you are THE expert
http://phdcomics.com/comics/archive_print.php?comicid=1056
36. Recommended Readings
• Christensen, C.M. and Raynor, M.E., 2003. Why hard-nosed executives should
care about management theory. Harvard business review, 81(9), pp.66-75.
• Coleman, J. 1990. Foundations of social theory. Cambridge, MA: Belknap.
• Smith, K.G. and Hitt, M.A. eds., 2005. Great minds in management: The process of
theory development. Oxford University Press on Demand.
• Tsoukas, H. and Knudsen, C. eds., 2005. The Oxford handbook of organization
theory. Oxford Handbooks.
• Parsons, T., 1938. The role of theory in social research. American Sociological
Review, 3(1), pp.13-20.
38. References
• Christensen, C.M. and Raynor, M.E., 2003. Why hard-nosed executives
should care about management theory. Harvard business review, 81(9),
pp.66-75.
• MSc Dissertation Module. 2018. Queen Mary University of London.
• Lawrence, T. 2017. Paper writing workshop. Said Business School, Oxford
University, 8-9 June.
• Parsons, T., 1938. The role of theory in social research. American
Sociological Review, 3(1), pp.13-20.
• Ramirez, R. van der Heijden, K. and Wilkinson, A. 2013. Opening lecture
slides. Oxford Scenarios Programme, Said Business School, Oxford
University, Sept.
• White. ___Theories in Social Research. University of Wisconsin. Available
at: https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~jpiliavi/357/theory.white.pdf
39. Background readings
• M. S. Davis, “That’s interesting!” in Philosophy of Social Science, 1:4 (1971) p.309.
• Ranjit Kumar, “The research process: a quick glance” in Research Methodology,
London: Sage, 2011, pp. 16-28.
• F. Machlup, “Are the social sciences really inferior?” The Southern Economic
Journal, 26:3, 173-184.
• John A. Sharp, John Peters, and Keith Howard, The management of a student
research project. Aldershot, Hants: Gower, 2007.
• M. Saunders, P. Lewis and A. Thornhill, “Formulating and Clarifying the Research
Topic” in Research Methods for Business Students, Harlow: Pearson, 2012, pp. 26-
69.
• Peter Manicas, “The social sciences since World War II: the rise and fall of
scientism” in W. Outhwaite and S. Turner (eds) The Sage Handbook of Social
Science Methodology, London: Sage, 2007.
• Michel Foucault, “Polemics, Politics and Problematizations” in Essential Works of
Foucault, edited by Paul Rabinow. Vol. 1 “Ethics”, The New Press, 1998.
40. Background readings
• M. Saunders, P. Lewis and A. Thornhill, “Formulating and Clarifying
the Research Topic” in Research Methods for Business Students,
Harlow: Pearson, 2012, pp. 26-69.
• R. B. Briner and Neil D. Walshe, “From Passively Received Wisdom to
Actively Constructed Knowledge: Teaching Systematic Review Skills As
a Foundation of Evidence-Based Management” Academy of
Management Learning & Education, 2014, Vol. 13, No. 3, 415–432.
• Alan Bryman and Emma Bell, “Getting started: reviewing the
literature” in Business Research Methods, Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 2011, pp. 100-127.
41. Background readings
• Karl Popper, “A survey of some fundamental problems”, or “Scientific Method” in
The logic of scientific discovery, New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1965, pp.27-48.
• Gaston Bachelard, “The Obstacles of Quantitative Knowledge” in The Formation
of the Scientific Mind, Manchester: Clinamen Press, 2002 pp. 211-235.
• J. Hughes and W. Sharrock, “The Positivist Orthodoxy” in The Philosophy of Social
Research, London: Longman, 1997 pp. 42-53.
• John Dewey, How we think, New York: Dover Publications, 1997, pp. 79-100.
• Amartya Sen, “Description as choice” in Choice, welfare and measurement,
Oxford: Blackwell, 1982, pp. 432-448.
Editor's Notes
Developmental Puzzle – how many women do we have on boards? Why do we have the glass ceiling?
Mechanical Puzzle – how does the glass ceiling work?
Correlational Puzzle – is there a link between less women on board and poor corporate performance?
Causal Puzzle – why does the existence of male-dominated boards affect the chances of aspiring female leaders
Essence Puzzle – why is it assumed that women are less effective leaders than men?
Developmental Puzzle – how many women do we have on boards? Why do we have the glass ceiling?
Mechanical Puzzle – how does the glass ceiling work?
Correlational Puzzle – is there a link between less women on board and poor corporate performance?
Causal Puzzle – why does the existence of male-dominated boards affect the chances of aspiring female leaders
Essence Puzzle – why is it assumed that women are less effective leaders than men?
CONTRIBUTION comes from the INTERSECTION of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3.
Study of two communities of innovators and entrepreneurs.
1. Global Social Business Incubator (Santa Clara)
2. Design for Extreme Affordability (Stanford)
163 business plan document summaries,
81 interviews with entrepreneurs, investors, and academics, and
2 months of observations at an annual intensive social entrepreneurship and innovation ‘boot-camp’.