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The Rock Cycle
Rock On!!
Quick . . . .
❖ Can you name a type of rock??
❖ Quit pointing at the head of the kid sitting
next to you!!
❖ Rocks! You know, those little hard things
that get caught in your flip flops!!
❖ There are three kinds of rocks!
➢ Igneous
➢ Metamorphic
➢ Sedimentary
Igneous Rocks . . .
❖FIRE!!!
❖Igneous is rooted in the word “ignite,” which
means “to cause by flame.”
❖All igneous rocks begin as molten material –
lava!!!
❖Igneous rocks are formed when that molten
material – lava or magma – cools and
hardens!
Common Igneous Rock
Granite
What do the following items have in
common???
Layers!!!
❖All of those things – Shrek, parfait, onions,
and SEDIMENTARY ROCKS – have layers!
❖How are sedimentary rocks formed?
➢They are formed when rocks weather (or
break apart) and erode (when broken pieces of
rocks are moved by either wind, water, or ice).
These rocks will pile up higher and higher. The
pressure from the overlying rocks will cause
them to compact (harden) and form
sedimentary rocks.
Grand Canyon
Common Sedimentary Rocks
sandstone
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks contain fossils!
FOSSILS
• Fossils are made when living things die and are
rapidly buried by mud, volcanic ash, or sand. They
can also be frozen in ice, mummified, or preserved in
amber or tar.
• The soft parts will usually decay leaving only the hard
parts to be buried.
– Hard parts, such as teeth and bones, can be left behind.
– Question, my little geniuses . . . . Why won’t you find
fossils in igneous or metamorphic rocks?!?!?!
FOSSILS
Fossils in Virginia
Coral
Pompeii and Herculaneum!!
• The next few slides show you how fossils can form
when an organism is quickly covered by sediment!
• In 79 AD, a volcano in Italy called Vesuvius
erupted. It shot a layer of stone and ash 20 miles
into the air. That stone, ash, and sediment
completely covered two towns, Pompeii and
Herculaneum.
• When discovered, fossilized casts of residents of
both towns had been created by the heavy
sediment. The people were virtually frozen in
time, left just as they were when they were
covered!
Frozen In Time
Frozen In Time
Frozen In Time
Frozen In Time
Frozen In Time
Ch-ch-ch-changes!!
• Metamorphic rocks go through a series
change!
• They used to be a different type of rock, but
then they are put through serious heat and
pressure!
• This heat and pressure causes these former
sedimentary and igneous rocks to change into
new rocks!!
Common Metamorphic Rocks
SLATE
Rock Cycle!
MAGMA/LAVA
IGNEOUS ROCKS
SEDIMENTS
SEDIMENTARY ROCKSMETAMORPHIC ROCKS
HEAT & PRESSURE

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Rock Cycle 2

  • 2. Quick . . . . ❖ Can you name a type of rock?? ❖ Quit pointing at the head of the kid sitting next to you!! ❖ Rocks! You know, those little hard things that get caught in your flip flops!! ❖ There are three kinds of rocks! ➢ Igneous ➢ Metamorphic ➢ Sedimentary
  • 3. Igneous Rocks . . . ❖FIRE!!! ❖Igneous is rooted in the word “ignite,” which means “to cause by flame.” ❖All igneous rocks begin as molten material – lava!!! ❖Igneous rocks are formed when that molten material – lava or magma – cools and hardens!
  • 5. What do the following items have in common???
  • 6. Layers!!! ❖All of those things – Shrek, parfait, onions, and SEDIMENTARY ROCKS – have layers! ❖How are sedimentary rocks formed? ➢They are formed when rocks weather (or break apart) and erode (when broken pieces of rocks are moved by either wind, water, or ice). These rocks will pile up higher and higher. The pressure from the overlying rocks will cause them to compact (harden) and form sedimentary rocks.
  • 10. FOSSILS • Fossils are made when living things die and are rapidly buried by mud, volcanic ash, or sand. They can also be frozen in ice, mummified, or preserved in amber or tar. • The soft parts will usually decay leaving only the hard parts to be buried. – Hard parts, such as teeth and bones, can be left behind. – Question, my little geniuses . . . . Why won’t you find fossils in igneous or metamorphic rocks?!?!?!
  • 13. Pompeii and Herculaneum!! • The next few slides show you how fossils can form when an organism is quickly covered by sediment! • In 79 AD, a volcano in Italy called Vesuvius erupted. It shot a layer of stone and ash 20 miles into the air. That stone, ash, and sediment completely covered two towns, Pompeii and Herculaneum. • When discovered, fossilized casts of residents of both towns had been created by the heavy sediment. The people were virtually frozen in time, left just as they were when they were covered!
  • 19. Ch-ch-ch-changes!! • Metamorphic rocks go through a series change! • They used to be a different type of rock, but then they are put through serious heat and pressure! • This heat and pressure causes these former sedimentary and igneous rocks to change into new rocks!!
  • 21. Rock Cycle! MAGMA/LAVA IGNEOUS ROCKS SEDIMENTS SEDIMENTARY ROCKSMETAMORPHIC ROCKS HEAT & PRESSURE