2. WHAT’S IT ALL MADE OF?
● Well, we know everything – all matter – is
made of atoms.
● And we know that there are about 100 or
so of those atoms.
● So . . . How do we end up with millions of
different thing when we just have 100 or
so ingredients?
3. Molecules
● Any time two atoms join together, they
make a molecule.
● All the stuff around you is made up of
molecules.
● This includes you!
● You are actually made up of trillions and
trillions of different types of molecules.
4. Compounds
● When two different atoms react together,
we end up with a brand new substance
called a compound.
● A compound is when two atoms bind
together. The substance they create is
completely different than the two atoms
that make it.
● We use many compounds every day. We
are going to learn about some today.
5. LET’S REACT!!
● It’s all about the chemical
reactions!
● For example, in water – H2O – you
have hydrogen, which is a gas,
reacting with oxygen, which is a
gas, to make a liquid.
● Also, once the compound is made,
you cannot remove the atoms
from it. For example, you cannot
take the oxygen out of the water.
It’s just there!
6. TAKE A LOOK AROUND!!
● Most everything you see is a compound!
● There are around two million of them
surrounding us each and every day.
● Virtually everything you see and use each
day – your iPod, cell phone, car, clothes,
make up, spoon, shoelaces – has been
created by chemical reactions that make
new compounds.
● How do you know, though, when a
chemical reaction takes place?
7. YOU MIGHT GET A NEW SOLID!!
● Ever leave a metal toy
out in the rain?
● What happens? Well,
you probably got a
little Fe2O3 on it.
● What’s that? Rust!!
● Rust is created when
iron atoms react with
the oxygen in water.
● Rust is a brand new
substance created by
a chemical reaction!
8. YOU MIGHT GET A NEW GAS!!
● Take a deep breath!
● Now, let it out!
● You just released a
substance created by
a chemical reaction –
CO2.
● Carbon dioxide is
created when a
carbon atom reacts
and bonds with two
oxygen atoms.
● Plants love it!
9. BUT BE CAREFUL!!
● These chemical
reactions can be tricky!
● Sometimes, then
number of atoms
involved change things
quite a bit!
● For example, if you
take just ONE carbon
atoms and ONE
oxygen atom, you end
up with CO.
● Carbon monoxide!
● It’s a deadly gas!!!
10. HAPPY FOURTH OF JULY!!!
● You like fireworks?
● Hope so, because they
are great examples of
chemical reactions!
● Fireworks do three
things that are
common in chemical
reactions:
○ They explode!
○ They change colors!
○ They give off heat!
11. AND YOU COULD GET A NEW LIQUID!!
● We’ve already talked
about this one!
● Water – H2O!
● Two hydrogen atoms
and one oxygen atom
coming together to
create a new liquid!!
12. WHAT DO ALL THOSE LETTERS AND NUMBERS
MEAN?
● How do you read those little letters and
numbers?
● Well, remember the Periodic Table? Those
chemical symbols? Those tell you what atoms
are in the compound!
● And those numbers? They tell you how many
of each atom there are.
● Unless there is no number, and then you know
there is only one of that atom!!
● So – what atoms are in Fe2O3? And how many
of each?
13. WOULD YOU LIKE TO PLAY A GAME?
● Figure out which atoms – and how many of
each – are in these common compounds!!
○ NaHCO3 - Baking Soda
○ NaClO – Bleach
○ H2O2 – Hydrogen Peroxide
○ NaCl – Table Salt
○ C12H22O11 – Sugar
○ NH3 - Ammonia
