This document discusses risk evaluation and management in exploration and production projects. It emphasizes the importance of integrated data management, analysis, and visualization in reducing risks. Key aspects of risk include reservoir, trap and hydrocarbon risks, which depend on understanding geological processes. The document outlines the typical workflow in E&P projects, including data collection, mapping, interpretation, modeling, and risk analysis. It argues that integrating tools like seismic inversion, well log analysis, and basin modeling at different stages can help transform data into useful knowledge and reduce project risks.
Forecasting New Product Performance Like A MeteorologistAnanda Chakravarty
Forecasting new product performance and thinking about how to build relative product metrics - challenges and obstacles in forecasting, and what product managers need to keep in mind to build a real financial business case for new product development - includes initial steps for workshop development.
Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
Select Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation Slides to develop an action plan to mitigate business risk.. All the steps of risk management are well explained in this business presentation. Risk mitigation strategy PowerPoint complete deck comprises slides such as risk management plan, risk identification, risk register, risk assessment, risk analysis and response plan, risk response matrix, mitigation strategy, risk mitigation plan chart, risk control matrix, risk tracker, etc. The risk analysis PPT template helps you evaluate risk management plan and processes. With the help of PPT slide you can present your risk mitigation strategies. Risk control presentation slide allows you to execute risk assessment plan at organizational level. Additionally, this also goes well with the topics like risk mitigation planning, contingency plan, risk planning, mitigation strategy, hazards mitigation and many more. Download risk analysis PowerPoint template to conduct risk evaluation in a systematic manner. Identify the cause of a gridlock with our Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation Slides. Come to grips with the deadlock.
Risk Evaluation And Mitigation Strategies PowerPoint Presentation SlideSlideTeam
This PPT deck displays thirty four slides with in depth research. Our Risk Evaluation And Mitigation Strategies Powerpoint Presentation Slides presentation deck is a helpful tool to plan, prepare, document and analyse the topic with a clear approach. We provide a ready to use deck with all sorts of relevant topics subtopics templates, charts and graphs, overviews, analysis templates. Outline all the important aspects without any hassle. It showcases of all kind of editable templates infographics for an inclusive and comprehensive Risk Evaluation And Mitigation Strategies Powerpoint Presentation Slides presentation. Professionals, managers, individual and team involved in any company organization from any field can use them as per requirement
Risk Assessment And Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
This deck consists of total of thirty three slides. It has PPT slides highlighting important topics of Risk Assessment And Mitigation Plan Powerpoint Presentation Slides. This deck comprises of amazing visuals with thoroughly researched content. Each template is well crafted and designed by our PowerPoint experts. Our designers have included all the necessary PowerPoint layouts in this deck. From icons to graphs, this PPT deck has it all. The best part is that these templates are easily customizable. Just click the DOWNLOAD button shown below. Edit the colour, text, font size, add or delete the content as per the requirement. Download this deck now and engage your audience with this ready made presentation.
Risk Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation SlideSlideTeam
Keep your audience glued to their seats with professionally designed PPT slides. This deck comprises of total of thirty two slides. It has PPT templates with creative visuals and well researched content. Not just this, our PowerPoint professionals have crafted this deck with appropriate diagrams, layouts, icons, graphs, charts and more. This content ready presentation deck is fully editable. Just click the DOWNLOAD button below. Change the colour, text and font size. You can also modify the content as per your need. Get access to this well crafted complete deck presentation and leave your audience stunned.
Mitigation Plan In Risk Management PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
All slides are completely editable and professionally designed by our team of expert PowerPoint designers. The presentation content covers all areas of Mitigation Plan In Risk Management Powerpoint Presentation Slides and is extensively researched. This ready-to-use deck comprises visually stunning PowerPoint templates, icons, visual designs, data-driven charts and graphs and business diagrams. The deck consists of a total of thirtynine slides. You can customize this presentation as per your branding needs. You can change the font size, font type, colors as per your requirement. Download the presentation, enter your content in the placeholders and present with confidence.
Project Management and managing risk go hand-in-hand but what are the “silver bullets” you can use to make mitigating risk a reality? This ppt will give you 7 of the most transferable approaches you can take to mitigate risk.
Forecasting New Product Performance Like A MeteorologistAnanda Chakravarty
Forecasting new product performance and thinking about how to build relative product metrics - challenges and obstacles in forecasting, and what product managers need to keep in mind to build a real financial business case for new product development - includes initial steps for workshop development.
Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
Select Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation Slides to develop an action plan to mitigate business risk.. All the steps of risk management are well explained in this business presentation. Risk mitigation strategy PowerPoint complete deck comprises slides such as risk management plan, risk identification, risk register, risk assessment, risk analysis and response plan, risk response matrix, mitigation strategy, risk mitigation plan chart, risk control matrix, risk tracker, etc. The risk analysis PPT template helps you evaluate risk management plan and processes. With the help of PPT slide you can present your risk mitigation strategies. Risk control presentation slide allows you to execute risk assessment plan at organizational level. Additionally, this also goes well with the topics like risk mitigation planning, contingency plan, risk planning, mitigation strategy, hazards mitigation and many more. Download risk analysis PowerPoint template to conduct risk evaluation in a systematic manner. Identify the cause of a gridlock with our Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation Slides. Come to grips with the deadlock.
Risk Evaluation And Mitigation Strategies PowerPoint Presentation SlideSlideTeam
This PPT deck displays thirty four slides with in depth research. Our Risk Evaluation And Mitigation Strategies Powerpoint Presentation Slides presentation deck is a helpful tool to plan, prepare, document and analyse the topic with a clear approach. We provide a ready to use deck with all sorts of relevant topics subtopics templates, charts and graphs, overviews, analysis templates. Outline all the important aspects without any hassle. It showcases of all kind of editable templates infographics for an inclusive and comprehensive Risk Evaluation And Mitigation Strategies Powerpoint Presentation Slides presentation. Professionals, managers, individual and team involved in any company organization from any field can use them as per requirement
Risk Assessment And Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
This deck consists of total of thirty three slides. It has PPT slides highlighting important topics of Risk Assessment And Mitigation Plan Powerpoint Presentation Slides. This deck comprises of amazing visuals with thoroughly researched content. Each template is well crafted and designed by our PowerPoint experts. Our designers have included all the necessary PowerPoint layouts in this deck. From icons to graphs, this PPT deck has it all. The best part is that these templates are easily customizable. Just click the DOWNLOAD button shown below. Edit the colour, text, font size, add or delete the content as per the requirement. Download this deck now and engage your audience with this ready made presentation.
Risk Mitigation Plan PowerPoint Presentation SlideSlideTeam
Keep your audience glued to their seats with professionally designed PPT slides. This deck comprises of total of thirty two slides. It has PPT templates with creative visuals and well researched content. Not just this, our PowerPoint professionals have crafted this deck with appropriate diagrams, layouts, icons, graphs, charts and more. This content ready presentation deck is fully editable. Just click the DOWNLOAD button below. Change the colour, text and font size. You can also modify the content as per your need. Get access to this well crafted complete deck presentation and leave your audience stunned.
Mitigation Plan In Risk Management PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
All slides are completely editable and professionally designed by our team of expert PowerPoint designers. The presentation content covers all areas of Mitigation Plan In Risk Management Powerpoint Presentation Slides and is extensively researched. This ready-to-use deck comprises visually stunning PowerPoint templates, icons, visual designs, data-driven charts and graphs and business diagrams. The deck consists of a total of thirtynine slides. You can customize this presentation as per your branding needs. You can change the font size, font type, colors as per your requirement. Download the presentation, enter your content in the placeholders and present with confidence.
Project Management and managing risk go hand-in-hand but what are the “silver bullets” you can use to make mitigating risk a reality? This ppt will give you 7 of the most transferable approaches you can take to mitigate risk.
A plan to mitigate or eliminate risk is handled well with the use of Risk Mitigation Strategy PowerPoint Presentation Slides. All the steps planned well in advance for enhancing the opportunities and reducing threats needs a professionally crafted PPT layout. Each and every fundamental area of concern and disaster recovery plan needs time to compile the data in a sequential presentation graphic thus making life much more easy and manageable. Not only there is financial and strategic impact of risk but also the execution of plans becomes difficult therefore it’s always important to keep a record of market trends in PowerPoint template. Operations can be made more effective with classic risk management presentation slides as it addresses important and functional areas like avoiding, reducing, transferring and retaining or accepting. Contingent risks can also be avoided and still if they happen can be addressed with ease as all the data and growth trend is just a click away on the PPT slide Our Risk Mitigation Strategy Powerpoint Presentation Slides are ideal for any job. It even caters for impulsive ideas. https://bit.ly/3CGDNh1
A plan to mitigate or eliminate risk is handled well with the use of Risk Mitigation Strategy PowerPoint Presentation Slides. All the steps planned well in advance for enhancing the opportunities and reducing threats needs a professionally crafted PPT layout. Each and every fundamental area of concern and disaster recovery plan needs time to compile the data in a sequential presentation graphic thus making life much more easy and manageable. Not only there is financial and strategic impact of risk but also the execution of plans becomes difficult therefore it’s always important to keep a record of market trends in PowerPoint template. Operations can be made more effective with classic risk management presentation slides as it addresses important and functional areas like avoiding, reducing, transferring and retaining or accepting. Contingent risks can also be avoided and still if they happen can be addressed with ease as all the data and growth trend is just a click away on the PPT slide Our Risk Mitigation Strategy PowerPoint Presentation Slides are ideal for any job. It even caters for impulsive ideas.
If you are looking for a perfect template to showcase your business approach towards identifying and managing risk, download our risk assessment strategies PowerPoint presentation slides. This Risk Assessment Strategies PPT template of risk assessment strategies allows you to review risk strategies, risk management plans and process, evaluate and judge risks based on tactics and developments. With the help if these PowerPoint slides, you can make your plans to manage risk. Use risk response matrix and charts to showcase how your business will mitigate risks and its response strategies. This risk estimation plan presentation slide permits you to implement risk assessment strategy at organizational level and enables its employees to discuss overall risks faced by an organization. This Risk Assessment Strategies presentation template will help you conduct risk evaluations in systematic method and you will be able to review your risks on regular basis. Effective risk management template has been crafted by our team of professionals so that you can prioritize risks, assign risk and make accountable business line for decision making. Establish brand consistency with our Risk Assessment Strategies PowerPoint Presentation Slides. Give an account of enduring achievements.
Presenting this set of slides with name - Mitigation Planning Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Enhance your audiences knowledge with this well researched complete deck. Showcase all the important features of the deck with perfect visuals. This deck comprises of total of thirtytwo slides with each slide explained in detail. Each template comprises of professional diagrams and layouts. Our professional PowerPoint experts have also included icons, graphs and charts for your convenience. All you have to do is DOWNLOAD the deck. Make changes as per the requirement. Yes, these PPT slides are completely customizable. Edit the colour, text and font size. Add or delete the content from the slide. And leave your audience awestruck with the professionally designed Mitigation Planning Powerpoint Presentation Slides complete deck.
This complete presentation has a set of thirtyseven slides to show your mastery of the subject. Use this ready-made PowerPoint presentation to present before your internal teams or the audience. All presentation designs in this Risk Mitigation Strategies Powerpoint Presentation Slides have been crafted by our team of expert PowerPoint designers using the best of PPT templates, images, data-driven graphs and vector icons. The content has been well-researched by our team of business researchers. The biggest advantage of downloading this deck is that it is fully editable in PowerPoint. You can change the colors, font and text without any hassle to suit your business needs.
Identify risks and hazards that have the potential to harm any process or project. Use content-ready Risk Assessment PowerPoint Presentation Slides to analyse what can go wrong, how likely it is to happen, what potential consequences are, and how tolerable the identified is. With the help of ready-made risk assessment PowerPoint presentation slideshow, use control measures to eliminate or reduce any potential risk related situation. This deck comprises of various templates to control risks such as types of risks, risk categories, identify the risk categories, stakeholder engagement, stakeholders risk appetite, risk tolerance, procedure, risk management plan, risk register, risk identification, risk assessment, risk analysis, risk response plan, risk response matrix, risk control matrix, risk item tracking, risk impact and probability analysis, risk mitigation strategies, qualitative risk analysis, quantitative risk analysis, risk management process, risk management steps, and more. These templates are completely customizable. You can easily edit the color, text, icon and font size as per your need. Add or remove content, if needed. Grab this easy-to-understand risk assessment PowerPoint templates to figure out what could cause harm to the project, whether the hazards could be eliminated or not, what preventive measures should be taken to control the risks. Download risk assessment PPT slides now to execute the project easily. Behave in a down to earth fashion with our Risk Assessment Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Give them a glimpse of your fact based approach. https://bit.ly/3dCPKul
Present a comprehensive report in order to achieve your long term flexible plans by using our Scenario Planning PowerPoint Presentation Slides. With the help of scenario analysis PPT template, you can analyze your future events by focusing on your target, formulate the issues rendering your path, develop a strong working relationship, etc. The scenario thinking PowerPoint presentation deck comprises of a total of 64 slides determining the roles and responsibilities, time management, communication plan, identifying risks, track the improvement level, etc. which are helpful in attaining the present and future developments. Use professional designs, graphs, reports, charts, and sheets to prepare your report in minutes. This strategic planning presentation slide helps you to present your strategic goals which help in the execution of actions or objectives. Outline all the important aspects like strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities using the scenario planning framework PPT template. Therefore, download this ready to use scenario analysis in strategic management PowerPoint slideshow and meet your goals.
Increasing the Probability of Success with Continuous Risk ManagementGlen Alleman
Cost and schedule growth is created when unrealistic technical performance expectations, unrealistic cost and schedule estimates, unanticipated technical issues, and poorly performed and ineffective risk management contribute to program technical and programmatic shortfalls
Identify risks and hazards that have the potential to harm any process or project. Use content-ready Risk Assessment PowerPoint Presentation Slides to analyse what can go wrong, how likely it is to happen, what potential consequences are, and how tolerable the identified is. With the help of ready-made risk assessment PowerPoint presentation slideshow, use control measures to eliminate or reduce any potential risk related situation. This deck comprises of various templates to control risks such as types of risks, risk categories, identify the risk categories, stakeholder engagement, stakeholders risk appetite, risk tolerance, procedure, risk management plan, risk register, risk identification, risk assessment, risk analysis, risk response plan, risk response matrix, risk control matrix, risk item tracking, risk impact and probability analysis, risk mitigation strategies, qualitative risk analysis, quantitative risk analysis, risk management process, risk management steps, and more. These templates are completely customizable. You can easily edit the color, text, icon and font size as per your need. Add or remove content, if needed. Grab this easy-to-understand risk assessment PowerPoint templates to figure out what could cause harm to the project, whether the hazards could be eliminated or not, what preventive measures should be taken to control the risks. Download risk assessment PPT slides now to execute the project easily. Behave in a down to earth fashion with our Risk Assessment Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Give them a glimpse of your fact based approach.
Probabilistic Cost, Schedule, and Risk managementGlen Alleman
All variables on projects are random variables. Cost, Schedule, and Technical performance interact with each other is statistical ways to produce probabilistic outcomes for their values.
Managing a project to a successful outcomes requires not only understanding the underlying statistics, but forecasting outcomes from these interactions in enough time to take corrective actions.
GRA - Scenario Planning: Addressing a Capability Gap Affecting Industry Compe...Rebecca Manjra
Exponential population and technology growth is occurring at a rate never before seen in history. Together, these forces have created the data driven world we live in. The business landscape has become more competitive and complex given the increased level of capability required to scale, evolve and rapidly gain market share; shortening the business maturity lifecycle.
A critical success factor to survival and succeed in both nature and business is the ability to learn and implement quickly – to adapt and evolve. By reducing the time it takes for your business to know what’s happening, learn what is needed for success and implement, you can outpace your competitors and capture new opportunities.
Today, there is an imperative to turn the vast seas of data into information, something useable which drives insights and enables us to make decisions which optimally utilise assets and resources. In operational speak, this entire process is enabled by excellence in Scenario Planning.
This presentation covers the relevancy of Scenario Planning today including an analysis of the stages of S&OP maturity as well as a case study with Simplot, a leading Australian food manufacturer and a leader in S&OP maturity and Scenario Planning.
This PPT deck displays fourteen slides with in depth research. Our topic oriented Compliance Identification Risk Monitoring Risk Mitigation Risk Assessment Regulations presentation deck is a helpful tool to plan, prepare, document and analyse the topic with a clear approach. We provide a ready to use deck with all sorts of relevant topics subtopics templates, charts and graphs, overviews, analysis templates. Outline all the important aspects without any hassle. It showcases of all kind of editable templates infographs for an inclusive and comprehensive Compliance Identification Risk Monitoring Risk Mitigation Risk Assessment Regulations presentation. Professionals, managers, individual and team involved in any company organization from any field can use them as per requirement.
CEO's Guide to Sound Decision Making in 21st CenturyVivek Sood
Technology revolution is making decision sciences more complex than ever before. Here is a short 9 slide deck to look at the latest and greatest tools at your disposal
Introduction To Risk Management PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
Presenting this set of slides with name - Introduction To Risk Management PowerPoint Presentation Slides. This is a one stage process. The stages in this process are Introduction To Risk Management, Risk Management Overview, Risk Management Outline.
Slides from my presentation at the Data Intelligence conference in Washington DC (6/23/2017). See this link for the abstract: http://www.data-intelligence.ai/presentations/36
A plan to mitigate or eliminate risk is handled well with the use of Risk Mitigation Strategy PowerPoint Presentation Slides. All the steps planned well in advance for enhancing the opportunities and reducing threats needs a professionally crafted PPT layout. Each and every fundamental area of concern and disaster recovery plan needs time to compile the data in a sequential presentation graphic thus making life much more easy and manageable. Not only there is financial and strategic impact of risk but also the execution of plans becomes difficult therefore it’s always important to keep a record of market trends in PowerPoint template. Operations can be made more effective with classic risk management presentation slides as it addresses important and functional areas like avoiding, reducing, transferring and retaining or accepting. Contingent risks can also be avoided and still if they happen can be addressed with ease as all the data and growth trend is just a click away on the PPT slide Our Risk Mitigation Strategy Powerpoint Presentation Slides are ideal for any job. It even caters for impulsive ideas. https://bit.ly/3CGDNh1
A plan to mitigate or eliminate risk is handled well with the use of Risk Mitigation Strategy PowerPoint Presentation Slides. All the steps planned well in advance for enhancing the opportunities and reducing threats needs a professionally crafted PPT layout. Each and every fundamental area of concern and disaster recovery plan needs time to compile the data in a sequential presentation graphic thus making life much more easy and manageable. Not only there is financial and strategic impact of risk but also the execution of plans becomes difficult therefore it’s always important to keep a record of market trends in PowerPoint template. Operations can be made more effective with classic risk management presentation slides as it addresses important and functional areas like avoiding, reducing, transferring and retaining or accepting. Contingent risks can also be avoided and still if they happen can be addressed with ease as all the data and growth trend is just a click away on the PPT slide Our Risk Mitigation Strategy PowerPoint Presentation Slides are ideal for any job. It even caters for impulsive ideas.
If you are looking for a perfect template to showcase your business approach towards identifying and managing risk, download our risk assessment strategies PowerPoint presentation slides. This Risk Assessment Strategies PPT template of risk assessment strategies allows you to review risk strategies, risk management plans and process, evaluate and judge risks based on tactics and developments. With the help if these PowerPoint slides, you can make your plans to manage risk. Use risk response matrix and charts to showcase how your business will mitigate risks and its response strategies. This risk estimation plan presentation slide permits you to implement risk assessment strategy at organizational level and enables its employees to discuss overall risks faced by an organization. This Risk Assessment Strategies presentation template will help you conduct risk evaluations in systematic method and you will be able to review your risks on regular basis. Effective risk management template has been crafted by our team of professionals so that you can prioritize risks, assign risk and make accountable business line for decision making. Establish brand consistency with our Risk Assessment Strategies PowerPoint Presentation Slides. Give an account of enduring achievements.
Presenting this set of slides with name - Mitigation Planning Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Enhance your audiences knowledge with this well researched complete deck. Showcase all the important features of the deck with perfect visuals. This deck comprises of total of thirtytwo slides with each slide explained in detail. Each template comprises of professional diagrams and layouts. Our professional PowerPoint experts have also included icons, graphs and charts for your convenience. All you have to do is DOWNLOAD the deck. Make changes as per the requirement. Yes, these PPT slides are completely customizable. Edit the colour, text and font size. Add or delete the content from the slide. And leave your audience awestruck with the professionally designed Mitigation Planning Powerpoint Presentation Slides complete deck.
This complete presentation has a set of thirtyseven slides to show your mastery of the subject. Use this ready-made PowerPoint presentation to present before your internal teams or the audience. All presentation designs in this Risk Mitigation Strategies Powerpoint Presentation Slides have been crafted by our team of expert PowerPoint designers using the best of PPT templates, images, data-driven graphs and vector icons. The content has been well-researched by our team of business researchers. The biggest advantage of downloading this deck is that it is fully editable in PowerPoint. You can change the colors, font and text without any hassle to suit your business needs.
Identify risks and hazards that have the potential to harm any process or project. Use content-ready Risk Assessment PowerPoint Presentation Slides to analyse what can go wrong, how likely it is to happen, what potential consequences are, and how tolerable the identified is. With the help of ready-made risk assessment PowerPoint presentation slideshow, use control measures to eliminate or reduce any potential risk related situation. This deck comprises of various templates to control risks such as types of risks, risk categories, identify the risk categories, stakeholder engagement, stakeholders risk appetite, risk tolerance, procedure, risk management plan, risk register, risk identification, risk assessment, risk analysis, risk response plan, risk response matrix, risk control matrix, risk item tracking, risk impact and probability analysis, risk mitigation strategies, qualitative risk analysis, quantitative risk analysis, risk management process, risk management steps, and more. These templates are completely customizable. You can easily edit the color, text, icon and font size as per your need. Add or remove content, if needed. Grab this easy-to-understand risk assessment PowerPoint templates to figure out what could cause harm to the project, whether the hazards could be eliminated or not, what preventive measures should be taken to control the risks. Download risk assessment PPT slides now to execute the project easily. Behave in a down to earth fashion with our Risk Assessment Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Give them a glimpse of your fact based approach. https://bit.ly/3dCPKul
Present a comprehensive report in order to achieve your long term flexible plans by using our Scenario Planning PowerPoint Presentation Slides. With the help of scenario analysis PPT template, you can analyze your future events by focusing on your target, formulate the issues rendering your path, develop a strong working relationship, etc. The scenario thinking PowerPoint presentation deck comprises of a total of 64 slides determining the roles and responsibilities, time management, communication plan, identifying risks, track the improvement level, etc. which are helpful in attaining the present and future developments. Use professional designs, graphs, reports, charts, and sheets to prepare your report in minutes. This strategic planning presentation slide helps you to present your strategic goals which help in the execution of actions or objectives. Outline all the important aspects like strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities using the scenario planning framework PPT template. Therefore, download this ready to use scenario analysis in strategic management PowerPoint slideshow and meet your goals.
Increasing the Probability of Success with Continuous Risk ManagementGlen Alleman
Cost and schedule growth is created when unrealistic technical performance expectations, unrealistic cost and schedule estimates, unanticipated technical issues, and poorly performed and ineffective risk management contribute to program technical and programmatic shortfalls
Identify risks and hazards that have the potential to harm any process or project. Use content-ready Risk Assessment PowerPoint Presentation Slides to analyse what can go wrong, how likely it is to happen, what potential consequences are, and how tolerable the identified is. With the help of ready-made risk assessment PowerPoint presentation slideshow, use control measures to eliminate or reduce any potential risk related situation. This deck comprises of various templates to control risks such as types of risks, risk categories, identify the risk categories, stakeholder engagement, stakeholders risk appetite, risk tolerance, procedure, risk management plan, risk register, risk identification, risk assessment, risk analysis, risk response plan, risk response matrix, risk control matrix, risk item tracking, risk impact and probability analysis, risk mitigation strategies, qualitative risk analysis, quantitative risk analysis, risk management process, risk management steps, and more. These templates are completely customizable. You can easily edit the color, text, icon and font size as per your need. Add or remove content, if needed. Grab this easy-to-understand risk assessment PowerPoint templates to figure out what could cause harm to the project, whether the hazards could be eliminated or not, what preventive measures should be taken to control the risks. Download risk assessment PPT slides now to execute the project easily. Behave in a down to earth fashion with our Risk Assessment Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Give them a glimpse of your fact based approach.
Probabilistic Cost, Schedule, and Risk managementGlen Alleman
All variables on projects are random variables. Cost, Schedule, and Technical performance interact with each other is statistical ways to produce probabilistic outcomes for their values.
Managing a project to a successful outcomes requires not only understanding the underlying statistics, but forecasting outcomes from these interactions in enough time to take corrective actions.
GRA - Scenario Planning: Addressing a Capability Gap Affecting Industry Compe...Rebecca Manjra
Exponential population and technology growth is occurring at a rate never before seen in history. Together, these forces have created the data driven world we live in. The business landscape has become more competitive and complex given the increased level of capability required to scale, evolve and rapidly gain market share; shortening the business maturity lifecycle.
A critical success factor to survival and succeed in both nature and business is the ability to learn and implement quickly – to adapt and evolve. By reducing the time it takes for your business to know what’s happening, learn what is needed for success and implement, you can outpace your competitors and capture new opportunities.
Today, there is an imperative to turn the vast seas of data into information, something useable which drives insights and enables us to make decisions which optimally utilise assets and resources. In operational speak, this entire process is enabled by excellence in Scenario Planning.
This presentation covers the relevancy of Scenario Planning today including an analysis of the stages of S&OP maturity as well as a case study with Simplot, a leading Australian food manufacturer and a leader in S&OP maturity and Scenario Planning.
This PPT deck displays fourteen slides with in depth research. Our topic oriented Compliance Identification Risk Monitoring Risk Mitigation Risk Assessment Regulations presentation deck is a helpful tool to plan, prepare, document and analyse the topic with a clear approach. We provide a ready to use deck with all sorts of relevant topics subtopics templates, charts and graphs, overviews, analysis templates. Outline all the important aspects without any hassle. It showcases of all kind of editable templates infographs for an inclusive and comprehensive Compliance Identification Risk Monitoring Risk Mitigation Risk Assessment Regulations presentation. Professionals, managers, individual and team involved in any company organization from any field can use them as per requirement.
CEO's Guide to Sound Decision Making in 21st CenturyVivek Sood
Technology revolution is making decision sciences more complex than ever before. Here is a short 9 slide deck to look at the latest and greatest tools at your disposal
Introduction To Risk Management PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
Presenting this set of slides with name - Introduction To Risk Management PowerPoint Presentation Slides. This is a one stage process. The stages in this process are Introduction To Risk Management, Risk Management Overview, Risk Management Outline.
Slides from my presentation at the Data Intelligence conference in Washington DC (6/23/2017). See this link for the abstract: http://www.data-intelligence.ai/presentations/36
get more idea about data science & how its works
http://techwaala.in/whats-data-science/about
#data
#datascience
#dataengneering
#machinelearning
#datascience
#bigdata
#dataanalyst
Building credible cost and schedule estimates requires discipline, skill, and experience. All 3 can be acquired over time. The starting point is understanding what processes make up the discipline of estimating
Corporate bankruptcy prediction using Deep learning techniquesShantanu Deshpande
Corporate Bankruptcy prediction using Recurrent neural networks – Aim is to build a recurrent neural network-based model to predict whether company will become bankrupt or not using financial ratios of Polish companies.
Methodologies & Tools: CRISP-DM, SMOTE-ENN, GA Algorithm, LSTM network (type of RNN)
ACCT-361 Systems Development Project Application of Busines.docxnettletondevon
ACCT-361: Systems Development Project
Application of Business Processes and Embedded Internal Controls
Scope:
This is an individual project that requires the development of an event-driven IT application prototype
for a business process in your assigned industry. The project will conclude in a demonstration of your
working database. The objective of the project is to:
• Apply the cumulative instruction provided in this course to a final project that integrates your
understanding of the course material and the relational database management skills presented
throughout the semester;
• Increase understanding of how technology affects organizations and the varying information
needs of different industries; and
• Increase understanding of how the use of technology and the knowledge of business processes
and internal controls can help accounting professionals produce and deliver more valuable
information.
Organization of the Project:
Individuals within each industry group will be assigned the responsibility of modeling and developing
an event-driven information system. Each member will be responsible for different events within the
three basic business processes: Payment/acquisition process; conversion process; and sales/collection
process. The nature and scope of these processes will vary, depending on your industry. You should
make sure that your business process incorporates some of the unique information aspects of the
industry you have studied (e.g., for the health care industry - patient management). While each
member of the industry group will be assigned different business process events, the database
components designed by other members of the team need not interface. Note that the HR process
cannot be chosen for this assignment.
1. In Step One, you will create an REA model with cardinalities for the process you have chosen. The
REA model will describe the entire process. The database you develop, however, will include only
two related business events in the process.
2. In Step Two, you will create any needed tables, complete with key attributes (primary keys),
foreign keys, and non-key attributes for each of the two business events you have chosen within
your business process (including resources, agents, and locations) using Microsoft Access.
3. Identify potential business rules and business risks associated with each event you have modeled,
and invoke real-time information risk controls.
4. Complete your prototype. You should have an information process to record the event; a
maintenance process for each resource, agent, and location data store; and a reporting process
for each document and report produced by the system.
Specifically, you systems project will include:
• At least one table for each object related to the two events you are
prototyping. Additional tables will be needed for *:* maximum cardinality relationships
and some 1:* relationships as required. .
Make compliance fulfillment count doubleDirk Ortloff
This whitepaper gives an overview about the requirements and the approaches to
make your compliance initiative count double. Not only to fulfill compliance but to go
the next step bringing your documentation and knowledge handling to a stage where
future projects can learn from previous successes and mistakes. This will make your
R&D department ready for future challenges, faster markets and global
partnerships.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND A NALYTICS • SUBHASHISH SAMAD.docxdirkrplav
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND A NALYTICS
• SUBHASHISH SAMADDAR, FEATURE EDITOR, Georgia State University
Coleen Wilder
is an assistant professor of
lIIaliagement ill tlte College of
Bllsiness at Valparnis o Ulli
versity. She ea med a as ill
lIIathematics from Illdialla
Un iver5ity and an MBA fro III
the Ulliver5ity of Chicago .
Sh e aimed Iler PhD ill management science from
IItinois In;;titllte of Teclwology.
co!.! ,, n .wi I d erlYv.l lp o .cdll
Ceyhun Ozgur
is a professor of information
and decision sciences in the
Cvllege vf all sines s at Val
paraiso University. Hceam ed
a PliO iI/ bllsiness (operation
Mal/ugemell t/ Operatiolls
Rese"rch ! fro m Ke llt State
University, UII MS in mal/agel/lent, and a as in
ind llstrial management from th" University vf
Akrllll . He p/lblish ed Introduction to Manage
ment Science with Spreadsheets, 1st edition
(witli Willialll f. St CVCl1 s0n, McGrnw-Hill!. He has
also published articles in Operations Manage
ment Research, Decision Sciences Joumal of
Innovative Education , Interfaces, Quality
M~nagement Journ a I, Production Planning &
Control , and OMEGA .
[email protected]" .lp o. cd L1
Big Data Talent: Data Scientist versus
Business Analyst versus Business User
by Coleen Wilder and Ceyhun Ozgur, Valparaiso University
T
h e first sentence in one of the
books on the top shelf of our
bookcase reads: "We are drowned
in oceans of data; nevertheless, it seems
as if we seldom have sufficient infonna
tion (Goldratt, 1990, p. 3)." Inte resting
that this was written in 1990 in a book
entitled The Haystack Syndrome and
subtitled Sifting Tnformation Ollt of the
Data Ocea n. Clearly the title was meant
to conjure images of sifting through a
haystack to find the proverbial needle.
Move down a few shelves and YOll will
find the third edition of the book, Data
Mining Techniques. Several pages into the
text it reads, "This book is about analyti
cal techniques that can be used to turn
customer data into customer knowledge
(Berry & Linoff, 2011, p. 2) ."1 A solution
to Goldratt's commdrum was underway.
The analogy, however, was changed from
a needle in a ha ystack to that of mining,
which entails sorting through less valu
able rock and sand to find more valuable
nuggets of gold .
The bottom shelf of our bookca se is
where we store our favorite journals. At
the top of this stack is the October 2012
edition of the Harva rd Business Revie·w; the
cover has a caricature of a lio n tamer with
a whip in his hand s attempting to tame
"Big Data." Flip through the pages and
you will see the following passage high
lighted: " Advanced analytics is likely to
become a decisive competitive asset in
many industries ilnd a core element in
companies' efforts to improve perfor
mance" (Barton & Court, 2012, p. 89).
Are we prepared for this challenge? As
college professors, are we equipping our
students with the skills and knowledge
the y will need to sllc.
Större behov för att effektivt rekrytera
företag och arbetssökande.
Vad menar jag med denna titel? Rekrytera företag hörs ju inte speciellt logiskt ut när vi läser dagligen att företag stänger dörrarna och arbetstagare måste lämna arbetsplatsen, antigen temporärt eller permanent. Det är tyvärr i dessa tider också företag och offentlig verksamhet som sliter med att få den hjälp som dem behöver. Vi har en utmaning, att vi inte klarar matcha arbetslösa med arbetsbehov i nuläget och nära framtid.
Det är ett skriande behov av arbetskraft i kommunerna och regionerna i Sverige i dagsläget.
Behov finns redan
Det finns redan och kommer att finns behov för många tillfälliga jobb i kommuner och regioner när den ordinarie personalen behöver avlastning eller blir sjukskriven. Vi har inte nått kulmen i Corona pandemin, så situationen väntas bli värre.
Kommer coronavirus att störa din jobbsökning?
Arbetssökning är stressande även under de bästa omständigheterna. Den pågående osäkerheten relaterad till coronavirus-pandemin kan göra att utsikterna för att leta efter arbete känns nästan hopplösa, men jobbexperter säger att du borde ge upp.
Ge barnen i Ukraina och Sverige livslånga minnen genom att dela erfarenheter inom kultur och hockey med varandra genom att möts inom hockey.
Genom spelet och vänskap lär barn sig livslektioner som kommer att fortsätta i alla utmaningar nu och senare i livet.
Fritid en essentiell del av flerårsplan 2019-2021 till Falköping kommun. Samverkan och hållbarhet är ord som återkommer rätt så frekventa i denna plan och verkar ha kopplingar till alla verksamhetsområden och planer som dessa har. Alla prioriterade målområden inom flerårsplanen har element som Fritid kan agera inom och ta sin del av utvecklingen och uppfyllande av dessa målbilden.
Trendanalys för att se hur stor intresse det är för Hockeylag inom SHL. En startpunkt för vidare analys som kan vara med att förstärka klubbarnas profil i marknaden och därvid samarbetspartners varumärke. Den sociala profil till klubbarna börjar bli mer och mer viktigt för lagen. Samhällsansvar och deltagande i samhället inom olika områden reflekteras igenom hur klubbarnas namn kändes igen i marknaden och hos folk flest. Det finns många möjligheter, och i denna presentationen har vi gjord ett enkelt försök för att visa att klubbarna är exponerat olika i marknaden under 2017.
En kundresa i det svenska informationssamhället i 2017 baserad på ISS rapporten som heter "Svenskarna och internet 2017". Arbetslöshet och utbildningsnivå spelar en roll i hur många som använder internet, och hur dem använder detta. Det blir allt mer viktig att förstå människors beteende på nätet, speciellt för dem som vill digitalisera sina tjänster och produkt och erbjuda dessa till det svenska samhällets invånare. Allt fler är uppkopplade till internet hemma eller på mobila enheter. Allt fler känner att dem inte tar del i utvecklingen, och det är utbildningsnivå och status i samhället som i stor grad är faktorer till skillnad i använding och hur internet används. Inte minst är det viktigt för hur människor kan påverkas av information igenom att dem har olika trösklar för källkritik.
Vi har kunder med stark digital definition makt, som utmanar föråldrade affärsmodeller och ledningsmetoder. Behov för beteendekunskap och övertygande teknologi och metoder har blivit större en någon gång. Frågan är, vart börjar du, och är det redan för sent? Vad behövs för att lyckas i den nya generation med kunder som redan är här, och som kommer dem nästa 5-15 åren?
Mining industry has developed through various cyvles dependant upon industry conditions. During tougher economic periods the industry has tendency looking for ways to make mining more efficiient and less risk associated with its activities. Exploration activity has always been a long term activity with a timespand oc decades instead of years or even months which the normal operations operate under. This require this part of mining industry to become more innovative and create more accurate prognosis for its discoveries.
Rätt kombination av konstig intelligens på datorn och rätta metoder och teknik kan ge oss en bättre chans att matcha dem som står långt i från arbetsmarknaden. Det är en utmanande uppgift som vi har redan i dag, och som blir större för varje dag som går. Datorn blir smartare igenom programvara och kapacitet, och på samma tid har vi algoritmer som inte fanns bara för 5-10 år sedan som kan vara till hjälp. Företag behöver arbetskraft och tudelningen av arbetsmarknaden har aldrig varit större en i dag, och något måste görs. Jag föreslår en programvara som jag kallar Matchning Arbetssökande Långt Från Arbetsmarknaden - MALFA. Et program som använder tekniker och metoder i samverkan med datorns kraft och algoritm hantering, och som ger oss möjlighet att se vilka möjligheter personer som till exempel har funktionshinder kan hitta en arbetsgivare som vill ha god nytta av denna resursen.
Reaching new frontiers within seismic interpretation and analysis by utilizing deep learning computer vision technology.
VAP4U has worked for a long period how to utilize this technology on normal standard seismic data (SEG/Y or other vendor formats) and propose how to use it through the software s AI s.
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and other machine learning algorithms and methods enables us to make the computer to identify and learn to identify more features in the seismic data than previously done.
Training the computer with the help of some initial input which is done once. Then let the algorithms within limitations and boundaries set by the experts do its work identifying features of interest within the data. Looking for playmodels, lead types or prospects, then let the computer take the grunt of the workload and spend time on more important analysis such as risk and ranking of plays.
Searching the all-time growing amount of global data and research results and retrieving only the relevant and up-to date information becomes more and more challenging. The amount of data including the big data issue in the IoT world makes it even more challenging. How can an employee keeping himself up to date and include the relevant information into his work and ensure his work includes the most relevant and latest information. Most search engines today provide some sort of semantic based answers to the queries you enter into the system. However, most search engines do not know you well enough to provide you with the best answers based on who you are, and what you really want for an answer. Here is today's challenge combined with the growing amount of data and media you find it in. The answer might be closer than you think.
En typ av arbetssökande är den vi kallar för den passiva arbetssökande. Nu är frågan - vem kan tillåta sig att vara passiv, sökaren eller företaget? Svaret är kanske bara sökaren, medan företaget inte kan tillåta sig att vara passiv i rekryteringsarbetet, eller sökandet efter resurser till arbetsplatsen sin.
Vem är den passiva arbetssökande och hur agerar den i dagens och framtidens arbetsmarknad? Denna frågan är kanske den viktigaste och vi försöker att ge våran kommentar i detta bildspelet.
Matchning i arbetsmarknaden har allt blivit hårdare sedan det är svårt för företag att hitta personer med rätt kompetens och större andel av arbetssökare står långt från arbetsmarknaden av olika orsaker. Användning av teknologi som stöd i matchningen har varit gjord dem senaste 10 åren av olika aktörer med olika resultat och bredd. I detta bildspelet försöker jag göra redo för olika algoritmer och metoder som om dem blir integrerad på rätt sätt och använd på rätt sätt, ge båda den arbetssökande och inte minst företagaren mycket större chans att matcha behöv för båda med större grad av succés en man gör i dag.
Det visar sig att arbetsmarknaden sliter med att få parter till att hitta varandra, eller som man säger - matcha med varandra.
Företagen söker personal, medan arbetssökaren söker jobb, men trots detta, så hittar dem inte varandra. Det är många orsaker till att vi har denna situationen, som bland annat saknar rätt kompetens till rätt tid och plats. Andra faktorer kan vara att jobbsökaren inte hittar rätt jobb sedan den inte är lätt att hitta helt enkelt. En platsannons i dag är kanske inte god nog, eller förklarar egentligen inte vad företaget behöver, och jobbsökaren är kanske inte bra nog på att berätta vad den kan eller vill. Jobbsökandet kommer att bli ett av dem viktigaste sökmotorer som vi behöver i framtiden, som redan är här nu!
Rätt jobb vid rätt tidpunkt - så kallad matchning av arbetskraft och behov inom arbetsmarknaden. En utmaning som alltid har varit svår att komma över. Men, nu börjar utvecklingen av verktyg och metoder ta fart och Google har kommit med sin ATS lösning som i form av Google Jobs API ser ut till att vara en lovande teknologi till användning inom matchning av arbetssökande och företagen.
Arbetsförmedling på den svenska marknaden har utmaningar som kanske är unika i världssammanhang.
Stor andel av arbetskraft står långt från arbetsmarknaden, sociala systemet i sverige är unikt och skapar en marknadsfaktor som inte många andra land har inom arbetsmarknaden. Försök på att jämnföra sverige med andra lands arbetsmarknad kan vara mycket svårt och många gånger leda till fel slutsats av vad som behövs eller inte, och vem som borde göra vad.
Frågan som borde ställs är hellre, vad måste görs för att få till en bättre matchning och därvid lägre arbetslöshet speciellt bland dem som är lågutbildade och har ett funktionshinder?
Teknologi har många gånger varit svaret och det industriella samhället fick stor påverkan i arbetsmarknaden, och introduktionen av informations åldern har lett till nya ändringar i arbetsmarknaden som ger oss nya utmaningar på flera fronter.
Införande av konstig intelligens på datorn och användning av kognitiv teknologi blandad med avancerad matematik på stadigt kraftigare datorer ger oss möjligheter som aldrig förut.
Det är nu på tiden att se hur vi kan använda verktygen och metoder som vi har i dag, och som vi inte ens hade för 10 år sen, till att skapa ett paradigm byte inom rekrytering och förmedling av arbete.
Grundvatten av god kvalitet är viktigt för många i regionen, småhushåll, industri, jordbruk, gårdsbruk och liknande.
I och med införandet av nationella miljökvalitetsmål har grundvattnets roll i samhällsplaneringen lyfts fram.
Det finns ett miljökvalitetetsmål med ett fokus på att skydda grundvattnet, dels som en del i vattnets kretslopp, dels som resurs inom den nutida och kommande vattenförsörjningen.
Västra Götalands län har omväxlande geologiska förhållanden. Grundvattentillgångar i jord av betydelse återfinns oftast i större grusavlagringar. Inom stora delar av länet är grusavlagringar sparsamt förekommande. Det är därför väsentligt att dessa avlagringar sparas och skyddas för att kunna användas för grundvattenuttag. I berggrunden finns större grundvattentillgångar endast i den sedimentära berggrunden i delar av centrala Västergötland.
En rad myndigheter och andra organisationer kommer att vara viktiga aktörer. Det är viktigt att också allmänheten och näringslivet tar en aktiv del i arbetet.
Det är nödvändigt att tidigt i arbetet med miljökvalitetsmålen hitta bra arbetsformer, speciellt i ett stort län som Västra Götaland, vilket består av 49 kommuner. För att veta vilka åtgärder som skall sättas in, måste viss grundläggande kunskap sammanställas, främst från kommunerna.
Matcha jobbsökaren till rätta jobbet är alfa och omega för en fungerande arbetsmarknad.
Attrahera personer till att arbeta hos företagen och optimera hur dem kommer i kontakt med personer som kan vara av intresse för dem.
Skapa nya möjligheter för att behålla talanger inom företaget.
Den sökande måste alltid vara i fokus och ses på som en konsument på lik linje med internet användare på en bank, resebyrå eller en som vill hyra en bil eller stuga.
Företag startar sin affär med jobb sök så rekryteringsverktyget måste vara effektivt för företaget som söker talanger.
Vi måste skapa en bättra jobb sök upplevelse både för företag och jobb sökare.
Anställningen är den viktigaste uppgift som företaget gör!
Ett problem som rekryterare och jobb sökare är alltför bekanta med:
Dåligt skrivna jobb beskrivningar som gör lite för att rikta rätt talang till rätt öppna positioner.
För att göra det ännu värre är många resymé är på samma sätt icke informativa, vilket gör det lika utmanande för arbetsgivarna att hitta rätt kandidater genom enkla sökord.
Google gör någonting med denna dubbelriktade röra.
2. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................... 3
RISK EVALUATION.............................................................................................................. 3
RISK ASSESSMENT IN E&P PROJECTS APART FROM FACTS. ........... 4
INTEGRATED GEOLOGICAL DATA MANAGEMENT, ANALYSIS &
VISUALIZATION ................................................................................................................... 5
TASK DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................ 5
PROCESS FLOW – MANAGEMENT OF SCIENCE......................................................... 7
BASIN MODELING AS PART OF INVERSION – OR INVERSION PART OF BASIN MODELING ?....... 9
HYDROCARBON CHARGE ...................................................................................................... 10
BASIN MODELLING ESSENTIAL TO PROSPECT/ PLAY MODEL ANALYSIS.................................. 10
WHAT IF WELL DATA ARE PRESENT? ..................................................................................... 11
WHAT TYPE OF WELL DATA CAN WE USE FOR CALIBRATION?................................................ 12
ARE THERE ANY OTHER GEOCHEMICAL DATA WE CAN USE IN BASIN MODELING? ............ 13
TIMING OF HYDROCARBON GENERATION ............................................................................. 13
TWO DIMENSIONAL BASIN MODELLING................................................................................ 14
MAKING MODELS MATTER............................................................................................ 15
THE 4D BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY................................................................................. 18
4D TECHNOLOGY IS EXPECTED TO IMPROVE RECOVERY OF RESERVOIRS OF ALL TYPES....... 18
4D CREATES ADDED VALUE FORM EXISTING 3D SEISMIC DATA.......................................... 20
Appendix 1: Playmodel overview
Appendix 2: Playmodels and risk overview and associated
G&G studies
3. Introduction
During my 15 + years of experience within the oil and gas industry, several regimes
of risk evaluation have been found to exist within the industry. However a few
elements are found to be co-existent in all companies. Reservoir, trap and
hydrocarbon risk has found to be main elements subject to risking. The different
companies put more effort into reservoir risking vs others more into trap or
hydrocarbon risking. Elliminating these smaller differences, one can find that
understandment of geological processes influence the amount of risk one puts into
either of these three elements. What risk factor is more critical than the other, is like
discussing the egg and the chicken, but one finds that the factors are all dependant
upon each other, but the first geological process to start up, is developement of
reservoir and non-reservoir sections, as well as organic matters. Structuring together
with basin subsidence, then creates potential for hydrocarbon generation and
migration into any potential structural, semi-structural or stratigraphic traps found in a
basin.
Being able to explain to why a well was drilled dry or successfull is a very important
knowledge. Many companies do not have time to dwell over well results for too long,
before they have to go on further into another area or other parts of the basin for the
search of hydrocarbons. The more subtile the trap is, the more work is needed for
understandment of the dynamics around a prospect and its drilled well.
This short note will walk through the main elements in workprocess within a E&P
project an try to point out some of the risk factors involved in these process steps. I
will also try to poiint out where Ødegaards products and services can help aid the
E&P companies need for risk assessment understanding. I have also tried to look
into the factors of non-fact risks within the E&P business.
My main message will be to understand where risks are involved and what products
and services fit into the workflow, and where they can assist in reducing the risks of
E&P business.
RISK EVALUATION
Risk evaluation is always talking about G&G assesments of reservoir, trap and
hydrocarbon, their presence or absence. But an equally important aspect of risk
assessment, is data management and resource availability.
Then yet another factor comes into play, and that is the visualization part of this,
where the data management and resource aspect has to be considered.
Which factor is most important? I would not state any of these as more important
than another, since any of these factors will have varying degree of significance,
depending upon your organization.
Some organizations have good data management, but has no way to visulize the
data, and others the quite opposite way. Yet, others have not resources to perform
any work on the data they have inhouse.
4. There is always a balance between amount of data and resources available to use
them. Part of the clue, is to organize the data in such a way that the data easily can
be transformed into knowledge as soon as possible.
This key word that has struck into the E&P industry as a buzz word, is transform
data into knowledge.
But how to do it, seems to be each companies struggle – and all have their own
solutions to this question.
Which one is right? Well, one could measure on amounts of discoveries, amount of
oil and gas resources available, or how it changes by the years… Any way you
measure it – workflow of how you assess an area, before, during and after drilling an
exploration and/ or production well is crucial for the company.
Note, the after aspect of this. Lots of companies makes a final well report, make a
short statement of result, and leave it by that. What went wrong and for what
reasons? These questions are equally important as to where to drill that well. When
one makes a discovery, the companies launches large efforts to find the size of
discovery, and prepare to develop the discovery further.
Utilize the database and make shure your data is up to date, so one can make
strategic decisions for future actions in regions, is very important. Therefor the
accessability of the data, and the flexibility in how you can use, combine and analyze
the data is equally important.
Ideally a shared earth model is the answer. But, then dependant upon who you talk
to, you will get different answers to what should be emphazised in a model like this.
A geoscientist has his views, an engineer has others, and so on. Even within each of
these groups you will find different focuses.
The answer is to integrate all possible parameters, and make shure one understands
the dependability of these parameters, and what methodology one can utilize in order
to understand that parameter, and how it vary.
RISK ASSESSMENT IN E&P PROJECTS APART FROM FACTS.
1. DATA MANAGEMENT
a. Shared Earth model database
b. Tight zones within organization
2. VISUALIZATION CAPABILITY
a. Hardware
b. Software
c. Integration
3. AVAILABLE RESOURCES
a. Amount of people
b. Skill of people
c. Integration of skilled complementary people
5. Integrated Geological Data Management, Analysis &
Visualization
Integration of various toolboxes to solve matters in hand, seems to be the key
element in E&P business.
Inversion has been seen as a special study, which one performs on top of all other
tasks performed.
Inversion has also traditionally been seen as a geophysical domain, hence the
geophysicists has performed the analysis of the data as well. Then the geologists
have used the analysis for support to their geomodels or other models made.
Even the interpreters have not been using the inversion results properly. They
traditionally have been performing the interpretation on ordinary amplitude data or
other amplitude derived attribute data.
I strongly believe that inversion results (impedance, PR, Q, Hilberts etc) should be
made more accesible to the interpreters and geologists.
Therefor a critical workthrough of the value chain within E&P is important in order to
understand where inversion and geophysical well log analysis as well as lithology
cube together with Lithann can be performed.
In addition it is very important to evaluate where other tools can help verify our
producs results, and try to integrate or at least make it possible for the clients to
evaluate the need to performed other studies.
The below list of tasks is not complete by no means, but exemplfies the workflow
items within E&P.
Task Description
Overview of area
o GIS systems or graphic packages to illustrate data as well as results
Data collection and systematization
o Database systems and accesability systems
Point Mapping of data
o Simple GIS system eqvivalents
Multivariate Symbol Maps for overview of data
o As above
Interpretation of leads, play models, prospects and fields
o Various interpretation/ visualization software, seq strat
Geological analysis tools
o Stratigraphic analysis software, fence diagrams, log analysis, seq strat
Contour Maps of data
o Mapping softeware combined with gridding utility and visualization
3-D Surface Diagrams of key data values for E&P work
6. o As above.
Land Grid Utilities / GIS analysis
o As above
Surveying Utilities / Aqusition of seismic data
o Programs for planning surveys, raytracing, modelling tools.
Gridding Tools for mapping of surfaces – play models, prospects
o Mapping software combined with gridding utility and visualization
Solid Modeling – reservoir parameters for input to risk analysis (Monte Carlo)
o Modelling tools such as RMS, Petrel and GeoProbe.
Volumetrics – with probability – Monte Carlo
o Mapping softeware combined with risk analysis and probability tools
Stratigraphic Diagrams – Well log analysis as well as correlation
o Stratigraphic analysis software, fence diagrams
Statistics – Variations within reservoir params as well as volums
o Geomodelling toolboxes with stochastic modelling possibilities
Lineation Analysis – Trend analysis of POR-Depth f.inst.
o Several different tools
Planar Feature Analysis - Fault analysis etc
o Special software for fault seal analysis combined with coherence
Geotechnical – Mechanical destruction/ build up of zones.
o Special software
Geochemistry - Combined with Basin Modelling for HC charge
Conversions – Unit conversions
Geological Tools – Various geological analysis of wells, seismic etc.
o Stratigraphic correlations, analysis, calibrations
Advanced 3-D Visualization – Integration of data in caves etc.
o Mostly inhouse caves with geoprobe, voxelvision, geocap etc etc.
Graphic Utilities – Various presentation packages combined with visualization
o As above
Data Management – Construction and maintanance of raw and refined data
o Openworks, Geoframe and its alike.
Help & Tutorials – Help systems to guide G&G personel in workflow for E&P
work
Import/Export Options – Various programs have import/ export functionality
and limitations. These systems are dynamically changed.
These tasks describe the workflow as G&G experts has to work through a play model
assement into prospect evaluation, and finally into a field evalution. Some tasks are
repetitive, and some tasks interact more with each other than others do.
The main point from this exercise is that the sooner we get into the value chain with
our products and clearly can demonstrate value added for the evaluation teams, the
better.
We clearly has demonstrated the technology, next step is to prove value added in
several steps within the value chain.
Another main hurdle to get over, is to find the break-even in interaction with the client,
offsite, onsite and a mix between the two. It is seen as a clear wish to have our
7. people in the offices of the clients, when it does not make the other team players to
suffer timewise, competence wise etc.
We can certainly help insteps such as data management (wells, seismic, geophysical
analysis etc), but there is also an added potential in visualizing the data, and to lower
the turnaround time for analysis of the data. In this step the integration of data comes
in. The workflow of analysis of data requires a shared earth model, but in 90% + of
the cases, this has not been obtained in any project, wether its exploration nor
production projects.
Therefor we should strive for workflow analysis – and how to optimize the workflow
and put added value on top of this.
It is clearly a matter of having an open environment in our systems, but also making
shure we can interact with major systems working around us (Landmark, Eclipse etc).
Process Flow – Management of Science
To point out the particual step where inversion could play a role, or where we can
interact with other software vendors, it is important to visualize the workflow or
managment system of G&G science. This enables us to find the critical processs
where we should adress our work and software suite. Being supported or suporting
other studies could play an important part when trying to convince the decision
makers in the Science Management. These people as others, need arguments to
why studies should be performed and what it demands of them with respect to
personell amount – skills etc. It also will clarify to our customers in what extent they
are ready to perform studies of the sorts we offer. In what state is their database – do
they have the needed data – have they got the needed overview of the area etc?
The figure below will illustrate the main processes in E&P work, and decision points.
The figure does not explain all work tpoics involved in the processes, but will give a
basis for further discussion and clarification of these processes. The processes are
more or like each other regardless of countries and fiscal regimes, but some
variations will aply where the shelf is more mature with respect to business models
than others.
8. PROCESSES G&G WORK
Data Mining/
regional Study
Play Models
evaluation
Prospect
Evaluation
Drilling
Post Mortem
Drilling
Field Evaluation
No Drilling
Partial
Relinquishment
Relinquish
acreage
Wells
Basin Modelling
Regional studies
Grav Mag, 2D seismic
Mapping – Trap integrity
Horizon mapping, Corr – seis
facies, seq / seis strat, 2D seismic
Attributes – Classifications
Horizons – Constrain prospect
Facies analysis
Geomodel, 3D seismic ?
Report to
authorities
Production and
IOR
Site Survey, Geosteering
Visualization,. Well analysis
Final Well Report
Well planning, seq strat, reservoar
stuies
Field reports, reservoir simulations,
geological models,
Reservoir simulations – revisions
together with geological models,
well analysis, well planning, tests,
production, redetermination
Tail-end
Production
Relinquish
Acreage
Reservoir simulations – revisions
together with geological models,
well analysis, well planning, tests,
production, redetermination, farm-
in/out
Reservoir simulations – revisions
together with geological models,
well analysis, well planning, tests,
production, redetermination, farm-
in/out
9. Exploration phase
If we look closer to the first 3 steps in the flow chart, we are in the Exploration phase
of the E&P business, we also define the 4th step as exploration, but the transition
into production comes more and more evident from this step and further down into
the workflow process diagram.
We will consentrate on the first 3 steps in the next chapter, called Basin Hydrocarbon
Charge risk. In this phase, the companies are faced with a contradiction, one wnats
to find hydrocarbons of significant amounts, but at the same time for as little money
as possible. The $/bbl in exploration cost is less that 5 USD in the major oil
companies, and continue to shrink. Technology together with smarter ways of using
data integration shall help the companies to lower this cost.
It is therefor imperative that we can demonstrate that usage of inversion at this stage
will save the companies money when evaluating the cost pr bbl in exploration, as well
as increasing the discovery rate of exploration wells in the basins they explore for oil
and gas resources.
The most critical element in any explorationis risk of no hydrocarbons present in the
defined trap. No use of trap – if no hydrocarbons migrated up into the trap itself.
Several misses both in the NCS and UK illustrate lack of understanding for
hydrocarbon migration pathways.
Basin Hydrocarbon Charge Risk
There are three risks that must be addressed prior to drilling a well: trap (incl seal), reservoir, and
hydrocarbon charge. These three components must be in-place for an exploration, or production well
to be successful.
Assessing the trap and reservoir risks are routine tasks in all hydrocarbon exploration companies.
Seismic, well, and outcrop data provide an abundance of information that explorationists use to
determine the quality and viability of these two constituents. However reservoir distribution and quality
variations are less examined than trap risks.
Assessing the hydrocarbon charge risk, however, is not a routine in all oil companies. This important
function is usually limited to a few geologists or a special group.The reason for the oversight of such
an important part of the puzzle is two-fold: terminology and an understanding of the science.
Geologists, have all taken courses in structure, stratigraphy, and petrology. These courses qualify
them to make an informed judgment about the trapping configurations and the reservoirs that may be
found in a basin. However, not many have taken courses in organic geochemistry, rock and fluid
dynamics, and thermodynamics. These things are at the core of a hydrocarbon charge risk evaluation.
The terms are unfamiliar and we do not have a good handle on these aspects of geoscience.
The same goes for inversion techniques – this analysis method is judged to be a special study, and
hence not used in normal workflow for assesing reservoir and maybe trap integrity.
Basin Modeling as part of Inversion – or Inversion part of Basin
Modeling ?
Traditionally, basin modelling has been used by the oil and gas industry to study the
physical and thermal histories of basins. The models lead to an estimation of the
timing of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion.
In recent years, however, basin modelling has expanded to include evaluation of
secondary migration and trapping of hydrocarbons within basins. It is therefor
10. important to understand the hydrocarbon dynamics in a basin, not only how
hydrocarbons form and expulse, but also how the basin developed – structural wise.
This is a very important task, and since inversion products can help enhance the
resolution and increase the S/N ratio, it should enable better understanding of the
hydrocabon dynamics in a basin and hence give more clear cut answers to the
prospectivity in areas. Since impedance data give the explorer surfaces, the carrier
beds could be better defined and therfor give more correct answers to the migration
mapthways and trap development through space and time. Therefor it should be
used impedance data to perform horizon mapping, to better give a distribution of
lithology properties that should be input to the thermodynamic model, and to give
support for hydrocarbon migration,
Hydrocarbon Charge
Simply, and most usefully, hydrocarbon charge is the filling, with hydrocarbon fluids,
of traps (prospects) within a basin.
Whereas trapping configurations and reservoir characteristics of a prospect may be
very local in scale, the hydrocarbon charge of a prospect may involve a significant
portion of the basin. All hydrocarbons that migrate to a prospect, in physical and
temporal space, make up the hydrocarbon charge of that prospect. A prospect may
be gas charged, oil charged, under-charged, or the area may have no hydrocarbon
charge.
Here our inversion products ranging from traditional impedance data to more
advanced AVO inversion and of course combined with stratigraphic coherence
analysis. Some migration pathways are as known prohibited or increased through
fault systems.
Basin Modelling essential to prospect/ play model analysis
Here is a very simple scenario. A geologist and geophysicist look at a seismic line in
a frontier basin and see an undrilled structure. This of course also apply to more
mature basins where one wants to exploit the remining more subtle prospectivity. The
only difference is calibration potential and uncertainties. G&G Experts are able to
map its areal extent and establish an area of closure. No faulting is evident. The risk
of trap failure is low. The seismic data gives them some information about the
lithology and thickness of the potential reservoir sections. The risk of reservoir failure
is moderate. Through a simple volume calculation they determine that the structure
can hold a commercial quantity of hydrocarbons. Should a well be drilled? A
comprehensive evaluation of the hydrocarbon charge risk using basin modelling
could possibly give the answer.
Here is how. The only data available to the basin modeller in the above scenario are
the seismic data. From these data we are able to construct a 'guess' about the
geologic development of the basin (evidence of erosions, age of sediments, tectonic
history, etc.). This conceptual model is applied to the data. We may also determine,
using seismic stratigraphy, which seismic intervals represent periods of geologic time
favorable for the development of a source rock. We add these 'potential source rocks'
to our conceptual model. We make use of modern analogs to add a thermal history to
the conceptual model. We submit the conceptual model to a computer program (any
Basin modelling tool box) that mathematically reconstructs the geologic history of the
basin applying common physical laws to the basin as it develops. The results (a
mathematical model) tell us about the thermal maturity of the basin Figure 1, if our
11. 'potential source rock' generated and expelled hydrocarbons, when it generated and
expelled hydrocarbons, and the type of hydrocarbons generated and expelled.
Most Basin Modelling is done without doing a proper structural development model,
as well as not consider properly at which levels the hydrocarbons can migrate along.
Both these factors can be determined through inversion.
Figure 1.
So, returning to our scenario, the basin modelling results may tell us that the basin is
thermally immature and any 'potential source rock' has not generated hydrocarbons.
They may tell us that the basin is thermally mature and a potential source rock
generated and expelled hydrocarbons . . . millions of years before the trap was formed.
They may tell us that the early charge, generally oil, occurred prior to the structuring
event, however, the structure was in place to receive a late gas charge. Regardless of the
results, we have one more piece of the puzzle to use in the overall risk assessment.
Therefor the basin modelling will act as a supportive tool to our inversion tools, if our
AVO results calculates the hydrocarbons, it can be verified or counter striked by the
Basin modelling.
What if well data are present?
In the previous scenario, no well data were available. The conceptual geologic model
built for our basin is just one possible model out of many. For example, ages may be
incorrect, the amount of eroded section may be wrong, and so on. The model results,
in the previous case, come from creating best and worst case scenarios. Basin
modelling is at its peak when well data are present, as well as inversion work is.
Why? Because now we can compare mathematical results to real data taken from
the well. For example, we can compare calculated temperature vs. depth to
measured bottom-hole temperatures Figure 2. The same goes for inversion, as we
can calibrate towards density and velocities in wells.
12. Figure 2.
If the two do not compare favorably, then we know our conceptual geologic model
does not adequately represent the real world. In this case, we rethink, and rebuild,
our conceptual model and compare the new mathematical results with the measured
well data. Depending on the amount of measured data available from the well, the
process of comparison-rethink-rebuild may occur several times during the course of
an evaluation. This optimization of the mathematical model is called calibration and it
is the most important aspect of basin modelling. When we have constructed a
conceptual geologic model yielding mathematical results that compare favorably with
many independent groups of measured well data, then our conceptual model is an
accurate representation of the real basin. We can then use this model as a template
for looking at other areas of the basin where wells are not present and maintain a
relatively high degree of accuracy. As more wells are drilled in the basin, new data
become available, more calibration can occur, and the conceptual model is further
refined.
What type of well data can we use for calibration?
Well data used for calibration in basin modelling can be classified into three
categories: Physical, Thermal, and Geochemical. Physical data include porosity,
permeability, pore pressure, mud weights, etc. Thermal data include temperature
data from BHT's, DST's, RFT's and the like. Geochemical data include pyrolysis
(Rock-Eval) data, maturity data (Ro, TAI, SCI, etc.), and biomarker ratios. As seen it
is not much overlap in data usage between basin modelling and inversion studies.
The only data we can use, is porosity data for calibration towards inversion models.
But the studies can be complimentary to each other, as they approach the basin in
two different ways, but can confirm each other.
13. Are There Any Other Geochemical Data we Can Use in Basin
Modeling?
In recent years, new techniques have emerged that tell us something about how and
when various types of kerogens convert to hydrocarbons. The branch of science that
deals with this is called kinetics. Each kerogen has a unique combination of activation
energy levels at which it 'transforms' into hydrocarbons. It serves our purpose to think
of the varying energy levels as changes in temperature. As the temperature
increases, the energy level increases. Generally, Type I kerogens have a very narrow
energy range in which they transform, whereas, Type III kerogens have a much
broader range. The importance of kinetics to basin modelling is two-fold. We can
better model timing of hydrocarbon generation and we can begin to investigate types
and volumes of hydrocarbons generated. In this step, there is not much inversion can
contribute with, apart form telling how light the hydrocarbons could be (oil,
condensate or gas).
Timing of Hydrocarbon Generation
Historically, basin modellers used thermal maturity based on vitrinite reflectance to
estimate the timing of oil and gas generation. We have all heard the statement that a
rock is in the 'oil window' or 'gas window'. However, two problems exist here. First,
although vitrinite reflectance is a measurable quantity, the relationship between
vitrinite reflectance data and oil and gas generation zones is basically empirical and
may not be the same in every basin. In fact, 'oil window' and 'gas window' can be
somewhat misleading because a source rock can have a vitrinite reflectance value
that puts it in the 'oil window' , however it will not be generating oil. Vitrinite
reflectance data are a one way street. The vitrinite reflectance of a rock can never
decrease. An analogy would be our own chronological age. We begin as children
('immature'), continue through adulthood ('mature'), and wind up in old age
('overmature'). The problem is we can take something that is overmature and put it in
an immature surrounding and it is still overmature. To continue with the analogy; we
walk into a kindergarten class room and realize the setting is for children. If a 90 year
old man is sitting in the class, do the surroundings make him chronologically
younger? No, he is still 90. In a like fashion, a source rock with a reflectance of .9 Ro
(in the oil window), but at the surface, still has a reflectance of .9 Ro. However, it is
not actively generating hydrocarbons.
The second problem in using vitrinite reflectance data to estimate timing of
hydrocarbon generation is that it is independent of rock or kerogen type. It is strictly a
time-temperature index. A prodelta shale with a Type III kerogen can have the same
maturity (oil window/gas window) as a basin floor shale with a Type II kerogen. Does
this mean they are both producing hydrocarbons? No!
Kinetics allows us to deal with these two problems to better model the timing of
generation of hydrocarbons. First, kinetic properties of kerogens can be measured in
a laboratory and, unlike vitrinite reflectance data, tell us the distribution of activation
energies at which the kerogens transform to hydrocarbons. Second, the distribution
of activation energies are unique to each kerogen. Therefore, two kerogens may
behave differently at the same energy level. We return to our earlier analogy of the
90 year old man to demonstrate. The 90 year old man is now joined by a second 90
year old man. The first 90 year old man is weak and stares through feeble eyes as
the second 90 year old man jogs into the room. The second man runs around the
room several times, does 50 one-armed push-ups, then jogs out. Both men are the
14. same maturity (90 years), but the second man can do more at that maturity than can
the first man. The Type III kerogen in the prodelta shale and the Type II kerogen in
the basinal shale are at the same maturity, however the Type II kerogen may have
completed its transformation to hydrocarbons while the Type III kerogen is only
partially complete.
Basin modellers build a specific kerogen, or kerogens, into the conceptual model. We
then use the measured kinetic parameters for the kerogens to model the
transformation history of each individual source rock. This is a more accurate
methodology for the estimation of the timing of hydrocarbon generation than using
maturity.
Type and Volume of Hydrocarbons
Kinetics, coupled with other geochemical measurements, provides the ability to
predict the type and volume of hydrocarbons generated. Geochemists have known
for some time that different types of kerogens produce different types of
hydrocarbons. Generally, a Type I kerogen is a prolific oil producer while a Type III
kerogen produces less oil and more gas. Also, generally, the API gravity of a
hydrocarbon fluid increases from early generation to late generation. This is because
the earliest fluids generated tend to be the heaviest compounds (C15+) and
subsequent generative products become lighter until we end with the lightest,
methane. Whereas kinetics data can give us the information about the energy level
needed to transform the kerogen into oil and gas, or, into the different components
(C15+, C6-C15, C2-C5, and C1), Rock-Eval data tells us about the generative
potential of this kerogen. The final piece of geochemical data needed to complete the
evaluation is total organic carbon (TOC). This tells us how rich, in organic material, is
the rock. Simply put, Rock-Eval and TOC data tell us how much we are going to get;
kinetics tells us how we are going to get it. These data, along with density information
of hydrocarbon fluids, allow the basin modeller to predict the type and volume of
hydrocarbons available in different parts of a basin at any time of its development.
Two Dimensional Basin Modelling
One-dimensional basin modelling is most useful in providing information about the
timing of hydrocarbon generation and the type of products that are generated. Two-
dimensional basin modelling is most useful in providing information about the
petroleum system. The ability to model a series of cross-sections in a basin allows,
for the first time, some insight into how hydrocarbon fluids migrate and are trapped.
Input data are similar between the two model types. However, two-dimensional
modelling requires incorporation of lateral changes in rock, source rock, and thermal
properties. Lateral changes in these properties mean that each point along the cross-
section undergoes a different burial and thermal history. Porosity of a formation in
one area might be reduced due to normal compaction. The same formation a few
kilometers away might have a lower permeability which does not allow the pore fluids
to escape rapidly. This maintains porosity. Changing depths and thermal properties
mean the source rock will generate and expel hydrocarbons at different times. All
these factors control when and where hydrocarbons move.
Two dimensional basin modelling also introduces a new calibrant; the present
distribution of hydrocarbons in the basin. Each of the critical components, source
rock, migration paths, reservoirs, seals, and traps have undergone a geologic history
that yields the petroleum distribution we see today. When we explore, we see a
snapshot of a dynamic petroleum system. Some of the hydrocarbons we identify from
well data as "shows" may be in the process of migrating to another part of the basin.
15. We caught them in transit. Even trapped hydrocarbons are only temporarily stalled.
Structural trap failure, seal failure, and reservoir destruction have been well
documented. We are lucky when we find a situation where all the components in this
dynamic system are, for the present, in place. The results of a two dimensional
modelling exercise should show hydrocarbons in traps and reservoirs where they are
known to exist. If not, then some aspect of the geologic model is incorrect. The
solution is, like one-dimensional modelling, to rethink and rebuild our geologic model.
In this way we will develop risk parameters for the basin; not only for hydrocarbon
charge, but also for reservoirs, seals, and traps.
Making Models Matter
Like all other businesses, exploration is now subject to greater accountability with the
requirement for performance measurement and quality assurance. Increasingly, E&P
experts are being asked by non-technical people to explain in plain language what
they do, why they do it that way, and how they can measure their effectiveness.
Managers and investors require assurance that the exploration programs in which
they have a direct interest are being carried out at least as effectively as those of
their competitors.
What do these issues have to do with the scientific process of exploration, with
designing and implementing R&D for the exploration industry, and, in particular, with
the development of exploration models? Even the most "pragmatic" of explorers use
geological models to justify their decisions as to exploration methodology and
"prospectivity", and to argue that their approach is more effective (i.e., lower risk)
than others. In addition, the marketing of exploration projects and companies
invariably involves at least implicit use of models to justify expenditure, support
money raising, or simply to present results.
In addition, we are currently going through one of the most significant changes in
E&P industry in its history. Billions of dollars of equity funding have been raised,
largely by junior companies, for exploration over the last three to four years. This is
risk capital, and yet E&P company experts are very poor at communicating the
technical aspects of exploration risk among themselves, let alone to non-technical
interested parties.
For the first time in decades, it is arguable that the majority of worldwide exploration
and indeed discoveries, especially at the more grass roots levels, is being achieved
by juniors rather than majors. So called 'juniors' have annual exploration budgets in
the tens of millions of dollars, and they are very sophisticated and technically aware.
In parallel with that change, we are seeing very rapid growth in the services sector to
the E&P industry.
As a result, the customer base for both the R&D community and the geoscience
profession at large is changing dramatically. The rather cosy relationship that has
existed for the past 20 to 30 years between the research community and the larger
companies, is no longer adequate to service the industry as a whole. Similarly,
publication in traditional academic journals is not meeting the modern exploration
community's needs for communication of R&D results.
However, industry view is that most of the current models for forming hydrocarbon
plays are not optimally used to exploration, and have failed as communication aids to
the less technical people who are increasingly among industry stakeholders. The all
16. too widespread practice of oversimplifying industry models and practices when faced
with a non-technical audience (eg, boards of directors, investors), rather than finding
out better ways of communicating them is counterproductive.
The principal deficiency in such models is that they do not incorporate a sufficiently
detailed and precise understanding of the critical geological processes that were
responsible for localising the play.
As a result, the models lack the essential predictive capability to become
genuinely effective exploration tools.
In this context, we briefly examine the ways in which we develop and use exploration
models. We are particularly concerned with the following questions.
Are the models that industry use sufficiently explicit and useable to be able to support
the decision-making process in a practical way?
Can they provide real input into the evaluation of exploration risk and the analysis of
the cost versus the value of information?
Do the models enable geoscientific information to be linked in a practical way to an
exploration methodology?
The petroleum exploration industry has developed semi-quantitative risk
evaluation procedures that link their scientific models directly to the assessment of
prospectivity, ranking of targets, and determination of appropriate exploration
expenditure levels.
We will briefly examine an example of the application of such risk evaluation
techniques to hydrocarbon exploration, and demonstrate the linkage between the
development and application of an effective play model, the generation and ranking
of targets, the design of appropriate exploration programs, and ongoing evaluation of
the effectiveness of those programs.
How then do we "make models matter"?
We recommend that playmodel/exploration models be developed, applied and
continuously revised according to the following principles.
The models should be based on a thorough understanding of the dominant
geological processes involved in the formation of the playtype type being sought.
The emphasis should be on process rather than just product.
The exploration team should develop/refine and 'own' the model(s) relevant to its
needs and to the particular geological setting of the exploration area. Generic models
taken 'off-the-shelf' are rarely suitable. Models developed by the research community
should therefore encourage this process.
The models should be linked to the whole process of exploration, including the
acquisition and assessment of information, a clear decision-making strategy,
the development and implementation of risk-management procedures, and the
formulation, budgeting and ongoing evaluation of the exploration program.
Models must be translated into a map form that is relatable to the geology of the
exploration area. Integrated geological, geophysical and geochemical databases can
then be compared to the model maps to produce 'probability' maps, enabling
exploration dollars to be focused on the areas with the lowest technical risk.
17. Realistic geological process models for most deposit types are complex. They
usually incorporate several physical and chemical processes with complex
interdependencies. They should therefore incorporate at least some of the' fuzzy'
logic associated with chaotic processes.
In other words, we need to develop, apply and continuously revise industries
exploration models within the business framework, and not just see them as an
intellectual or 'academic' exercise that is somehow divorced from the 'real business'
of exploration. Explorers should be able to measure the effectiveness and efficiency
of exploration programs against the models, and make sensible business decisions
on that basis.
18. The 4D Business Opportunity
4D Technology – What is it?
Massive amount of data available to ”mine”
Software process = The Technology
Market hurdles to overcome.
4D Technology is Expected to Improve Recovery of reservoirs of all
types.
19. 4D Increase Property Asset Value *
Average 20-30% recovery improvement when bright spots present.
How?
o Delays shutin and retirement costs
o Increase recovery & potentially proven reserves.
o Optimize new well placement.
o Plan work-overs and infill targets
o Identify underproduced reserves
o Optimize capital expenditures & increase time-value of money
o Better locate injector position and rate of injection volumes
o Reduce amount of dry holes or bad performers in fields.
o Preempt operational problems
* Source Amoco and Exxon Mobil
4D Grows the Seismic Market – regional and globally. The trend is technology driven
as well as data driven.
Data quality and quantity – more fields have several vintages of data
Technology enables calbration of vintages of seismic despite aquisition and
processing differences between the different vintages.
20. 4D Creates Added Value form Existing 3D Seismic Data
10.000 ++ blocks worldwide of multiple 3D surveys exists for immediate 4D
use
21. New Wells are being drilled to recover reserves.
This example is from EI330 block offshore Gulf of Mexico.
Active & Planned 4D projects.
This overview is outdated – but will serve as a guide to the areas and fields where 4D
has already begun its entry as a workflow.
22. 4D technical hurdles to Overcome.
Despite the fact that several fields experience a large recovery when utlizing 4D
workflow in fields, there are several factors prohibiting the use of 4D technology and
workflow.