05257d88-1dfc-4319-afdb-b6d140cd8103-160205001102Raisa Hasan
This study examined the relationships between anxiety, mindfulness, and tobacco use among college students at a predominantly ethnic minority university. An online survey measured students' anxiety, mindfulness, and smoking behaviors. Results showed that higher anxiety and lower mindfulness were positively correlated with tobacco use. Specifically, the small percentage of students who reported smoking also reported doing so to cope with stress or anxiety. This suggests that coping styles for managing life stress may influence health behaviors among college students. However, the study was limited by a gender imbalance and uneven smoker/non-smoker groups. Future research should further examine how anxiety, mindfulness, and emotion regulation impact tobacco use.
This document discusses various topics related to outcomes research, including comparative effectiveness research, multilevel data analysis, investigating change over time, and estimating treatment effects from observational data. Comparative effectiveness research directly compares existing healthcare interventions to determine their benefits and harms. Multilevel analysis is helpful for comparing patient outcomes across hospitals while accounting for risk factors. Propensity score adjustment and other statistical techniques can be used to estimate causal treatment effects from observational data and reduce selection bias. Bayesian statistics are increasingly being used in areas like early-phase cancer trials.
This document summarizes and compares several research methods used in social science:
1. Naturalistic observation allows researchers to systematically observe and record human behaviors as they naturally occur without manipulation.
2. Case studies provide an in-depth look at an individual or small group and can provide insights into both unusual and normal behaviors.
3. Surveys use questionnaires or interviews to gather information from a large sample of people about behaviors, attitudes, and opinions on a topic. Correlational studies examine relationships between two variables and can predict how they affect each other without establishing causation.
Healthcare Access Temporal trends and disparities within theDestinee salas
This document summarizes a study analyzing disparities in healthcare access among different racial and ethnic groups in Texas from 2005 to 2011. The study used data from the CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for Texas during those years. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationships between race/ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and two dependent variables: the inability to afford seeing a physician and not receiving a routine checkup in the past 12 months. The results found that Hispanics faced increasing risks over time compared to earlier years, and that disparities existed for Hispanics and Blacks compared to other groups in accessing routine medical checkups.
This document discusses key concepts in research methods and design, including:
1) Defining variables as concepts that can vary and be measured, and clearly operationalizing them.
2) Distinguishing between independent variables that influence outcomes and dependent variables that are being measured.
3) Describing different relationships between variables such as positive, negative, and curvilinear.
4) Noting the importance of considering spurious relationships and controlling for third variables.
The study presents a protocol to evaluate combining school and household interventions to reduce excessive weight gain in students in Brazil. It is a randomized community trial called PAAPPAS that will involve 2500 students from 18 schools. Schools will be randomly assigned to control or intervention groups. The intervention group will receive primary interventions led by trained teachers on healthy lifestyle and secondary interventions for overweight students through monthly home visits. Outcomes will be measured through questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and assessing food consumption and physical activity to see if the interventions can reduce BMI levels. The study aims to provide evidence on whether integrating school and primary health care can prevent excessive weight gain in adolescents.
Surveys are used to collect information from respondents through questionnaires. They can be conducted online, by phone, mail or in-person. While convenient and low-cost, online surveys have some limitations including potential fraud, limited sampling, and lack of an interviewer to clarify questions. The validity of survey data depends on respondents providing truthful answers, though self-reported behaviors do not always match actual behaviors.
05257d88-1dfc-4319-afdb-b6d140cd8103-160205001102Raisa Hasan
This study examined the relationships between anxiety, mindfulness, and tobacco use among college students at a predominantly ethnic minority university. An online survey measured students' anxiety, mindfulness, and smoking behaviors. Results showed that higher anxiety and lower mindfulness were positively correlated with tobacco use. Specifically, the small percentage of students who reported smoking also reported doing so to cope with stress or anxiety. This suggests that coping styles for managing life stress may influence health behaviors among college students. However, the study was limited by a gender imbalance and uneven smoker/non-smoker groups. Future research should further examine how anxiety, mindfulness, and emotion regulation impact tobacco use.
This document discusses various topics related to outcomes research, including comparative effectiveness research, multilevel data analysis, investigating change over time, and estimating treatment effects from observational data. Comparative effectiveness research directly compares existing healthcare interventions to determine their benefits and harms. Multilevel analysis is helpful for comparing patient outcomes across hospitals while accounting for risk factors. Propensity score adjustment and other statistical techniques can be used to estimate causal treatment effects from observational data and reduce selection bias. Bayesian statistics are increasingly being used in areas like early-phase cancer trials.
This document summarizes and compares several research methods used in social science:
1. Naturalistic observation allows researchers to systematically observe and record human behaviors as they naturally occur without manipulation.
2. Case studies provide an in-depth look at an individual or small group and can provide insights into both unusual and normal behaviors.
3. Surveys use questionnaires or interviews to gather information from a large sample of people about behaviors, attitudes, and opinions on a topic. Correlational studies examine relationships between two variables and can predict how they affect each other without establishing causation.
Healthcare Access Temporal trends and disparities within theDestinee salas
This document summarizes a study analyzing disparities in healthcare access among different racial and ethnic groups in Texas from 2005 to 2011. The study used data from the CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for Texas during those years. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationships between race/ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and two dependent variables: the inability to afford seeing a physician and not receiving a routine checkup in the past 12 months. The results found that Hispanics faced increasing risks over time compared to earlier years, and that disparities existed for Hispanics and Blacks compared to other groups in accessing routine medical checkups.
This document discusses key concepts in research methods and design, including:
1) Defining variables as concepts that can vary and be measured, and clearly operationalizing them.
2) Distinguishing between independent variables that influence outcomes and dependent variables that are being measured.
3) Describing different relationships between variables such as positive, negative, and curvilinear.
4) Noting the importance of considering spurious relationships and controlling for third variables.
The study presents a protocol to evaluate combining school and household interventions to reduce excessive weight gain in students in Brazil. It is a randomized community trial called PAAPPAS that will involve 2500 students from 18 schools. Schools will be randomly assigned to control or intervention groups. The intervention group will receive primary interventions led by trained teachers on healthy lifestyle and secondary interventions for overweight students through monthly home visits. Outcomes will be measured through questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and assessing food consumption and physical activity to see if the interventions can reduce BMI levels. The study aims to provide evidence on whether integrating school and primary health care can prevent excessive weight gain in adolescents.
Surveys are used to collect information from respondents through questionnaires. They can be conducted online, by phone, mail or in-person. While convenient and low-cost, online surveys have some limitations including potential fraud, limited sampling, and lack of an interviewer to clarify questions. The validity of survey data depends on respondents providing truthful answers, though self-reported behaviors do not always match actual behaviors.
This document discusses causal inference in epidemiology. It covers objectives of understanding bias, confounding, and interaction; guidelines for assessing causality; and the goal of epidemiologic studies to test associations between exposures and outcomes. Key points are that association does not necessarily mean causation, and biases, confounding, and interactions must be considered before making causal claims. Guidelines for assessing causality include strength of association, consistency, specificity, temporality, and biological plausibility.
This document discusses randomized trials, including their uses in evaluating new treatments and prevention methods. It defines key concepts like randomization, stratified randomization, and masking. Randomized trials randomly assign subjects to treatment groups to reduce bias and make groups comparable. Issues like noncompliance, sample size calculations, and ethical concerns regarding informed consent are also addressed.
This critique summarizes and evaluates a journal article that examines why mothers are losing child custody battles to fathers between 1980-2003. The article finds that in areas receiving federal fatherhood funding, fathers were more likely to be awarded custody, even in cases of abuse, addiction or lower income. The critique notes the article uses multiple research methods including observation studies, longitudinal data, and interviews. However, it also points out limitations like potential bias and a lack of proving whether custody shifts were unfair. Overall, the critique assess the research methods used but also raises questions about the conclusions drawn.
Data stratification is the process of partitioning the data into distinct and non-overlapping groups since the
study population consists of subpopulations that are of particular interest. In clinical data, once the data is
stratified into sub populations based on a significant stratifying factor, different risk factors can be
determined from each subpopulation. In this paper, the Fisher’s Exact Test is used to determine the
significant stratifying factors. The experiments are conducted on a simulated study and the Medical,
Epidemiological and Social Aspects of Aging (MESA) data constructed for prediction of urinary
incontinence. Results show that, smoking is the most significant stratifying factor of MESA data, showing
that the smokers and non-smokers indicates different risk factors towards urinary incontinence and should
be treated differently.
Learning from a Class Imbalanced Public Health Dataset: a Cost-based Comparis...IJECEIAES
Public health care systems routinely collect health-related data from the population. This data can be analyzed using data mining techniques to find novel, interesting patterns, which could help formulate effective public health policies and interventions. The occurrence of chronic illness is rare in the population and the effect of this class imbalance, on the performance of various classifiers was studied. The objective of this work is to identify the best classifiers for class imbalanced health datasets through a cost-based comparison of classifier performance. The popular, open- source data mining tool WEKA, was used to build a variety of core classifiers as well as classifier ensembles, to evaluate the classifiers‟ performance. The unequal misclassification costs were represented in a cost matrix, and cost-benefit analysis was also performed. In another experiment, various sampling methods such as under-sampling, over-sampling, and SMOTE was performed to balance the class distribution in the dataset, and the costs were compared. The Bayesian classifiers performed well with a high recall, low number of false negatives and were not affected by the class imbalance. Results confirm that total cost of Bayesian classifiers can be further reduced using cost-sensitive learning methods. Classifiers built using the random under-sampled dataset showed a dramatic drop in costs and high classification accuracy.
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research...iosrphr_editor
This document describes a study that examined the validity of the HIV Prevention Model (HPM) scale across lower class (freshmen and sophomores) and upper class (juniors, seniors, and graduate students) students at a Historically Black College and University (HBCU). The study tested whether the measurement structure of the HPM scale was consistent across the two groups. The HPM scale was previously developed and validated based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model to assess HIV prevention behaviors. Survey data from 371 HBCU students was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis to test if the scale measured the same constructs across lower and upper class students. The analyses found that the measurement structure of the
Improving Chlamydia Screening Rates in College StudentsKim Petersen
This document discusses improving chlamydia screening rates in college students. It finds that chlamydia is often asymptomatic but can affect future fertility if left untreated. Most college students are willing to be screened for chlamydia even during unrelated visits. However, current screening rates remain low, under 38% for sexually active young women. The document concludes that college health clinics should consider practice improvements like opportunistic screening and using electronic health records to increase prompts in order to improve chlamydia screening rates for this high-risk population.
This document summarizes research on the relationship between college education, health, and views on marijuana legalization. It presents two hypotheses: 1) College students are more likely to support marijuana legalization than non-college students, and 2) People with a college degree or higher have better health than those without a degree. Statistical analysis of survey data provides support for both hypotheses. College-educated individuals were more likely to support legalization and had lower rates of chronic disease and better self-reported health than those with less education. However, the relationships were found to be weak, and the conclusions note that other factors like income, age, or family background could also influence these links.
“Evidenced based” behavioral medicine as bad as bad pharmaJames Coyne
Introduction to symposium held at International Congress of Behavioral Medicine, Groningen, August 2014. Discusses the shortcomings of evidence-based behavioral medicine in light of efforts to reform the shortcomings of the Pharma literature.
This document provides an overview of biostatistics. It defines biostatistics as the application of statistical principles and methods to biological and health data. Biostatistics is used in various fields including public health, epidemiology, medicine, anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and preventive medicine. It involves collecting, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to evaluate public health programs, compare medical treatments, define normal health ranges, and study associations between biological factors. The document also discusses limitations of statistics and the various steps involved in biostatistical analysis including collecting and presenting data, descriptive and inferential analysis, and interpretation.
According to the center for disease control and prevention, cardAASTHA76
According to the document:
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for about 1 in every 4 deaths. In 2018, the CDC published updated best practice strategies to help decrease cardiovascular disease risks. The document discusses reviewing one of the best practice strategies from the CDC to address how effective it is, what impact it has, and considerations for implementing it in a community.
1. The document discusses approaches for identifying confounding using directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). It outlines two main approaches: (1) removing direct effects and checking for common causes, and (2) checking for open back-door paths and blocking them.
2. An example applies these approaches to assess whether adjusting for prenatal care is sufficient to control for confounding between vitamin use and birth defects. It determines that additional adjustment is needed based on remaining connections in the DAG.
3. Traditional criteria for confounding may sometimes disagree with the DAG approach, and the DAG approach is more reliable as it can identify situations like conditioning on a collider that may bias results.
This study examined factors associated with people who inject drugs (PWID) receiving injection assistance from others in Los Angeles and San Francisco between 2011-2013. The sample included 777 active PWID, defined as injecting in the last 30 days. 23% reported receiving injection assistance in the last 30 days. Multivariate analysis found that occasionally injecting with others, being injected by another at first injection, non-injection methamphetamine use, providing injection assistance to others, and having a casual sex partner who is a PWID were independently associated with receiving injection assistance. Receiving assistance could elevate risks of transmitting HIV and HCV. Interventions may need to provide safer injection training or alternative administration methods for those needing assistance.
1) The document proposes using value of information (VOI) analysis to calculate the value of transferability (of results from a multinational trial to a specific country) in terms of expected value of sample information (EVSI).
2) It applies this method to results from the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study, defining the posterior distribution of country results given the multinational trial results.
3) The value of transferability is measured as the difference between the prior and posterior expected value of perfect information (EVPI) for each country, indicating whether the multinational trial results reduce or increase uncertainty for reimbursement decisions.
Slide 1 what is social science social science is about examininrock73
Social science examines human behavior and interactions using empirical and scientific methods. It studies people and societies while natural sciences examine natural processes. Both use verifiable data and logical reasoning but social science must account for how research is a product of time and place as societies change.
Research is conducted for various reasons like influencing policy, academic inquiry, and personal interests. The main types of research are descriptive, exploratory, explanatory, and evaluation. Research methods can be quantitative using numbers or qualitative using words. Key aspects researchers must understand are theories, hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, and operational definitions. Research can use deductive reasoning starting with a theory or inductive reasoning developing a theory from data.
1) The study examined gender differences in marijuana use initiation and academic performance among US high school students using data from a 2009 national survey.
2) A larger percentage of male students reported initiating marijuana use before age 15 compared to females.
3) Male students who initiated marijuana use early were more likely to have unsatisfactory academic performance in the past year compared to females, with the risk being highest for males who initiated use before age 13.
The document discusses using IoT devices to improve agriculture by connecting existing smart technologies on farms to the internet. It notes six major problems facing agriculture: an aging rural population, labor shortages, small land and market sizes, income gaps between cities and farms, and low food self-sufficiency. Sensors could monitor temperature and humidity and automatically enroll crops in online markets. Farmers could easily monitor the farming process and consumers could see the process to believe crops were organically farmed. Connecting devices could help farmers grow uncommon crops more easily and sell directly to consumers for higher income, and help consumers see the full farming and processing process to ensure food quality and safety.
The document is a student's paper for a class assignment to create a poster explaining an ethical dimension of energy and climate change. It discusses how human fossil fuel use is harming the planet and threatens all life. The poster illustrates how activity is destroying polar ice caps with catastrophic implications. It provides a framework using four ecojustice norms and twelve energy guidelines to present these issues. It concludes that while powerful societies cause problems, technology can empower all and bring change if used properly.
A 28-year-old male-to-female transsexual presented with a sore throat and difficulty swallowing. Imaging showed an abscess on the left tonsil and thrombosis of the left internal jugular vein, consistent with Lemierre's syndrome. Lemierre's syndrome involves a neck infection leading to internal jugular vein thrombosis and potential sepsis. Estrogen levels in male-to-female transsexuals have been associated with higher risk of blood clots. This case illustrates the importance of monitoring transsexual patients on estrogen therapy for potential complications like Lemierre's syndrome.
Poster Presentation [University of Dhaka]- Implementation Techniques of Incor...Showrav Mazumder
This document discusses incorporating facial annotation into a personal photo frame application to help users search photos. The system allows users to manipulate and search photos based on facial appearance. It provides an image auto-annotation fusion scheme using existing annotation algorithms and face detection methods to efficiently annotate faces and estimate attributes. Users can manually annotate faces by drawing on the canvas and adding tags. The system was tested on 250 faces in 525 photos, achieving 80% correct automatic annotation and high precision for positional searches centered on faces.
This document discusses causal inference in epidemiology. It covers objectives of understanding bias, confounding, and interaction; guidelines for assessing causality; and the goal of epidemiologic studies to test associations between exposures and outcomes. Key points are that association does not necessarily mean causation, and biases, confounding, and interactions must be considered before making causal claims. Guidelines for assessing causality include strength of association, consistency, specificity, temporality, and biological plausibility.
This document discusses randomized trials, including their uses in evaluating new treatments and prevention methods. It defines key concepts like randomization, stratified randomization, and masking. Randomized trials randomly assign subjects to treatment groups to reduce bias and make groups comparable. Issues like noncompliance, sample size calculations, and ethical concerns regarding informed consent are also addressed.
This critique summarizes and evaluates a journal article that examines why mothers are losing child custody battles to fathers between 1980-2003. The article finds that in areas receiving federal fatherhood funding, fathers were more likely to be awarded custody, even in cases of abuse, addiction or lower income. The critique notes the article uses multiple research methods including observation studies, longitudinal data, and interviews. However, it also points out limitations like potential bias and a lack of proving whether custody shifts were unfair. Overall, the critique assess the research methods used but also raises questions about the conclusions drawn.
Data stratification is the process of partitioning the data into distinct and non-overlapping groups since the
study population consists of subpopulations that are of particular interest. In clinical data, once the data is
stratified into sub populations based on a significant stratifying factor, different risk factors can be
determined from each subpopulation. In this paper, the Fisher’s Exact Test is used to determine the
significant stratifying factors. The experiments are conducted on a simulated study and the Medical,
Epidemiological and Social Aspects of Aging (MESA) data constructed for prediction of urinary
incontinence. Results show that, smoking is the most significant stratifying factor of MESA data, showing
that the smokers and non-smokers indicates different risk factors towards urinary incontinence and should
be treated differently.
Learning from a Class Imbalanced Public Health Dataset: a Cost-based Comparis...IJECEIAES
Public health care systems routinely collect health-related data from the population. This data can be analyzed using data mining techniques to find novel, interesting patterns, which could help formulate effective public health policies and interventions. The occurrence of chronic illness is rare in the population and the effect of this class imbalance, on the performance of various classifiers was studied. The objective of this work is to identify the best classifiers for class imbalanced health datasets through a cost-based comparison of classifier performance. The popular, open- source data mining tool WEKA, was used to build a variety of core classifiers as well as classifier ensembles, to evaluate the classifiers‟ performance. The unequal misclassification costs were represented in a cost matrix, and cost-benefit analysis was also performed. In another experiment, various sampling methods such as under-sampling, over-sampling, and SMOTE was performed to balance the class distribution in the dataset, and the costs were compared. The Bayesian classifiers performed well with a high recall, low number of false negatives and were not affected by the class imbalance. Results confirm that total cost of Bayesian classifiers can be further reduced using cost-sensitive learning methods. Classifiers built using the random under-sampled dataset showed a dramatic drop in costs and high classification accuracy.
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research...iosrphr_editor
This document describes a study that examined the validity of the HIV Prevention Model (HPM) scale across lower class (freshmen and sophomores) and upper class (juniors, seniors, and graduate students) students at a Historically Black College and University (HBCU). The study tested whether the measurement structure of the HPM scale was consistent across the two groups. The HPM scale was previously developed and validated based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model to assess HIV prevention behaviors. Survey data from 371 HBCU students was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis to test if the scale measured the same constructs across lower and upper class students. The analyses found that the measurement structure of the
Improving Chlamydia Screening Rates in College StudentsKim Petersen
This document discusses improving chlamydia screening rates in college students. It finds that chlamydia is often asymptomatic but can affect future fertility if left untreated. Most college students are willing to be screened for chlamydia even during unrelated visits. However, current screening rates remain low, under 38% for sexually active young women. The document concludes that college health clinics should consider practice improvements like opportunistic screening and using electronic health records to increase prompts in order to improve chlamydia screening rates for this high-risk population.
This document summarizes research on the relationship between college education, health, and views on marijuana legalization. It presents two hypotheses: 1) College students are more likely to support marijuana legalization than non-college students, and 2) People with a college degree or higher have better health than those without a degree. Statistical analysis of survey data provides support for both hypotheses. College-educated individuals were more likely to support legalization and had lower rates of chronic disease and better self-reported health than those with less education. However, the relationships were found to be weak, and the conclusions note that other factors like income, age, or family background could also influence these links.
“Evidenced based” behavioral medicine as bad as bad pharmaJames Coyne
Introduction to symposium held at International Congress of Behavioral Medicine, Groningen, August 2014. Discusses the shortcomings of evidence-based behavioral medicine in light of efforts to reform the shortcomings of the Pharma literature.
This document provides an overview of biostatistics. It defines biostatistics as the application of statistical principles and methods to biological and health data. Biostatistics is used in various fields including public health, epidemiology, medicine, anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and preventive medicine. It involves collecting, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to evaluate public health programs, compare medical treatments, define normal health ranges, and study associations between biological factors. The document also discusses limitations of statistics and the various steps involved in biostatistical analysis including collecting and presenting data, descriptive and inferential analysis, and interpretation.
According to the center for disease control and prevention, cardAASTHA76
According to the document:
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for about 1 in every 4 deaths. In 2018, the CDC published updated best practice strategies to help decrease cardiovascular disease risks. The document discusses reviewing one of the best practice strategies from the CDC to address how effective it is, what impact it has, and considerations for implementing it in a community.
1. The document discusses approaches for identifying confounding using directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). It outlines two main approaches: (1) removing direct effects and checking for common causes, and (2) checking for open back-door paths and blocking them.
2. An example applies these approaches to assess whether adjusting for prenatal care is sufficient to control for confounding between vitamin use and birth defects. It determines that additional adjustment is needed based on remaining connections in the DAG.
3. Traditional criteria for confounding may sometimes disagree with the DAG approach, and the DAG approach is more reliable as it can identify situations like conditioning on a collider that may bias results.
This study examined factors associated with people who inject drugs (PWID) receiving injection assistance from others in Los Angeles and San Francisco between 2011-2013. The sample included 777 active PWID, defined as injecting in the last 30 days. 23% reported receiving injection assistance in the last 30 days. Multivariate analysis found that occasionally injecting with others, being injected by another at first injection, non-injection methamphetamine use, providing injection assistance to others, and having a casual sex partner who is a PWID were independently associated with receiving injection assistance. Receiving assistance could elevate risks of transmitting HIV and HCV. Interventions may need to provide safer injection training or alternative administration methods for those needing assistance.
1) The document proposes using value of information (VOI) analysis to calculate the value of transferability (of results from a multinational trial to a specific country) in terms of expected value of sample information (EVSI).
2) It applies this method to results from the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study, defining the posterior distribution of country results given the multinational trial results.
3) The value of transferability is measured as the difference between the prior and posterior expected value of perfect information (EVPI) for each country, indicating whether the multinational trial results reduce or increase uncertainty for reimbursement decisions.
Slide 1 what is social science social science is about examininrock73
Social science examines human behavior and interactions using empirical and scientific methods. It studies people and societies while natural sciences examine natural processes. Both use verifiable data and logical reasoning but social science must account for how research is a product of time and place as societies change.
Research is conducted for various reasons like influencing policy, academic inquiry, and personal interests. The main types of research are descriptive, exploratory, explanatory, and evaluation. Research methods can be quantitative using numbers or qualitative using words. Key aspects researchers must understand are theories, hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, and operational definitions. Research can use deductive reasoning starting with a theory or inductive reasoning developing a theory from data.
1) The study examined gender differences in marijuana use initiation and academic performance among US high school students using data from a 2009 national survey.
2) A larger percentage of male students reported initiating marijuana use before age 15 compared to females.
3) Male students who initiated marijuana use early were more likely to have unsatisfactory academic performance in the past year compared to females, with the risk being highest for males who initiated use before age 13.
The document discusses using IoT devices to improve agriculture by connecting existing smart technologies on farms to the internet. It notes six major problems facing agriculture: an aging rural population, labor shortages, small land and market sizes, income gaps between cities and farms, and low food self-sufficiency. Sensors could monitor temperature and humidity and automatically enroll crops in online markets. Farmers could easily monitor the farming process and consumers could see the process to believe crops were organically farmed. Connecting devices could help farmers grow uncommon crops more easily and sell directly to consumers for higher income, and help consumers see the full farming and processing process to ensure food quality and safety.
The document is a student's paper for a class assignment to create a poster explaining an ethical dimension of energy and climate change. It discusses how human fossil fuel use is harming the planet and threatens all life. The poster illustrates how activity is destroying polar ice caps with catastrophic implications. It provides a framework using four ecojustice norms and twelve energy guidelines to present these issues. It concludes that while powerful societies cause problems, technology can empower all and bring change if used properly.
A 28-year-old male-to-female transsexual presented with a sore throat and difficulty swallowing. Imaging showed an abscess on the left tonsil and thrombosis of the left internal jugular vein, consistent with Lemierre's syndrome. Lemierre's syndrome involves a neck infection leading to internal jugular vein thrombosis and potential sepsis. Estrogen levels in male-to-female transsexuals have been associated with higher risk of blood clots. This case illustrates the importance of monitoring transsexual patients on estrogen therapy for potential complications like Lemierre's syndrome.
Poster Presentation [University of Dhaka]- Implementation Techniques of Incor...Showrav Mazumder
This document discusses incorporating facial annotation into a personal photo frame application to help users search photos. The system allows users to manipulate and search photos based on facial appearance. It provides an image auto-annotation fusion scheme using existing annotation algorithms and face detection methods to efficiently annotate faces and estimate attributes. Users can manually annotate faces by drawing on the canvas and adding tags. The system was tested on 250 faces in 525 photos, achieving 80% correct automatic annotation and high precision for positional searches centered on faces.
Fescue toxicosis affects horses that graze on endophyte-infected tall fescue grass. The endophyte produces ergovaline, a toxin that disrupts hormone levels and can cause agalactia in pregnant mares. Studies examined mares treated with bromocriptine to mimic ergovaline's effects, finding decreased prolactin and progesterone levels. Mares treated with the D2 receptor antagonist domperidone saw increased prolactin and progesterone, showing it effectively treats fescue toxicosis. However, an agalactic mare from Japan had very low prolactin but normal progesterone, indicating its condition differs from typical fescue toxicosis and may not respond to domper
RNA and DNA are nucleic acids that differ in their structure and function: RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine, while DNA is double-stranded with complementary chains containing thymine. DNA contains the genetic instructions for all living things and is found in all cells, while there are three major classes of RNA that help express the information contained in DNA.
- The document describes efforts to purify a dopamine cell line to improve a cell culture model of Parkinson's disease. Specifically, it involves selecting a subclone of N27 cells that express high levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a marker for dopamine neurons.
- Through clonal selection and expansion of colonies that express TH, the researchers identified Clone 3, which shows bright TH fluorescence and elongated neuronal morphology. Experiments are ongoing to further enrich the TH-positive cells from this clone.
This study evaluated the effects of Amgen 386, a novel angiopoietin inhibitor, alone and in combination with a c-MET inhibitor (Compound A) on metastasis and survival in a patient-derived xenograft model of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Treatment with Amgen 386 alone and in combination with Compound A significantly reduced the number and size of lung metastases and prolonged survival compared to the control. The combination treatment was more effective at reducing metastases than either drug alone, suggesting potential clinical benefit from combination therapy for treating metastatic kidney cancer.
AACR 2013 Abstract 2047 Poster - SLITRK6 in Bladder Cancer - YSDeanna Russell
AGS-15/SLITRK6 was discovered as a differentially expressed gene in bladder cancer. It encodes a cell surface protein with neuronal functions and restricted normal tissue expression. High and frequent expression of SLITRK6 was found in bladder cancers and other cancer types. Patient-derived xenografts and cancer cell lines with SLITRK6 expression were identified as models for antibody therapeutic development targeting SLITRK6, particularly for bladder cancer. Comprehensive analysis revealed SLITRK6's selective expression in tumors makes it a suitable candidate for antibody-drug conjugate cancer treatment.
The Effect of Poster Presentation towards Students' Creativity and Concept Co...Oktian Fajar Nugroho
The Effect of Poster Presentation towards Students' Creativity and Concept Comprehension about Pollution Concept.
This research found the correlation between students' creativity and concept comprehension
If you want to know more about this research, dont hesitate to contact me through this email : green.oktian91@yahoo.com
Poster presentation: Stigma Index Kenya, Nigeria, Zambiagnpplus
A summary of the Stigma Index report of Kenya, Nigeria, Zambia by GNP+
For more information on The People living with HIV Stigma index and Kenya, Nigeria, Zambia, visit the the GNP+ PLHIV stigma index website: http://www.stigmaindex.org/
You can download the poster presentation from http://www.gnpplus.net
ACRL Information Literacy Framework - BC staff poster presentationEstelle Pope
The Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) last updated their Information Literacy (IL) Standards for Higher Education in 2000 and developed a new Information Literacy Framework in 2014 to address the changing environment of higher education and evolving information systems. The Framework includes six "frames" that represent core concepts students need to understand, each anchored by a threshold concept. Boston College plans to investigate how to integrate the frames into existing and new library instruction curricula.
1) The document discusses tips for preparing professional oral and poster presentations. It provides advice on keeping presentations simple with easy to read fonts, limited text, clear colors, and one slide transition style.
2) It also recommends practicing the presentation beforehand, having backup materials, and focusing on the audience rather than the slides. Check for grammar errors, leave time for questions, and cite sources.
3) The presentation should introduce a problem or villain that the solution or hero will address. For example, when introducing the iPhone, Jobs focused on problems with current mobile technology that the iPhone would solve.
The document discusses Vodafone's mobile and VAS advertising campaigns in India. It analyzes the campaigns using Nicosia's model of consumer decision making and Howard-Sheth's model of buyer behavior. Charts show Vodafone's growing revenue and connections in India from 2005-2014, demonstrating the success of their advertising.
This document provides guidelines and tips for creating effective academic posters. It recommends addressing conference themes for inspiration and following poster guidelines. Content should tell a story concisely using headings, images, and minimal text. Proper layout, typography, and color hierarchy are emphasized. Feedback should be considered to improve drafts. Examples of good and poor posters are shown to illustrate best practices.
My books- Learning to Go https://gumroad.com/l/learn2go & The 30 Goals Challenge for Teachers http://amazon.com/The-Goals-Challenge-Teachers-Transform/dp/0415735343
Resources at http://www.pearltrees.com/shellyterrell/poster-tools/id8397701
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis has served as an elementary school teacher, elementary and middle school principal, superintendent of schools, director of student teaching and field experiences, professor, author, consultant, and journal editor. Dr. Kritsonis has considerable experience in chairing PhD dissertations and master thesis and has supervised practicums for teacher candidates, curriculum supervisors, central office personnel, principals, and superintendents. He also has experience in teaching in doctoral and masters programs in elementary and secondary education as well as educational leadership and supervision. He has earned the rank as professor at three universities in two states, including successful post-tenure reviews.
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis has served as an elementary school teacher, elementary and middle school principal, superintendent of schools, director of student teaching and field experiences, professor, author, consultant, and journal editor. Dr. Kritsonis has considerable experience in chairing PhD dissertations and master thesis and has supervised practicums for teacher candidates, curriculum supervisors, central office personnel, principals, and superintendents. He also has experience in teaching in doctoral and masters programs in elementary and secondary education as well as educational leadership and supervision. He has earned the rank as professor at three universities in two states, including successful post-tenure reviews.
This study examined whether health literacy contributes to disparities in self-rated health status and preventive health behaviors among older adults. The study analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of 2,668 U.S. adults aged 65 and older. Health literacy was found to significantly mediate racial/ethnic and education disparities in self-rated health status and influenza vaccination. Health literacy also mediated education disparities in mammography and dental care use. The results suggest that interventions to address low health literacy could help reduce some health disparities.
Schooling. cognitive ability or emotional well beingIbero Posgrados
This document summarizes a paper that investigates the relationship between social indicators and individuals' self-reported health status. It discusses challenges with using self-reported health data, as people's perceptions may differ from their true health condition due to factors like education, emotional well-being, and the stability of the health condition. The paper analyzes data from the Mexican Family Life Survey to explore how predetermined social indicators predict accuracy of reporting for stable (height) vs. unstable (weight) health measures. It aims to understand how social factors influence perception deviations from truth and how to better interpret relationships between socioeconomic status and health outcomes.
PAGE
20
Dissertation Prospectus
Factors Influencing Individuals' Decision to Utilize Mental Health in South Texas
Submitted by:
The Prospectus Overview and Instructions
Prospectus Instructions:
1. Read the entire Prospectus Template to understand the requirements for writing your prospectus. Each section contains a narrative overview of what should be included in the section and a table with required criteria for each section. WRITE TO THE CRITERIA, as they will be used to assess the prospectus for overall quality and feasibility of your proposed research study.
2. As you draft each section, delete the narrative instructions and insert your work related to that section. Use the criterion table for each section to ensure that you address the requirements for that particular section. Do not delete/remove the criterion table as this is used by you and your committee to evaluate your prospectus.
3. Prior to submitting your prospectus for review by your chair or methodologist, use the criteria table for each section to complete a realistic self-evaluation, inserting what you believe is your score for each listed criterion into the Learner Self-Evaluation column. This is an exercise in self-evaluation and critical reflection, and to ensure that you completed all sections, addressing all required criteria for that section.
4. The scoring for the criteria ranges from a 0-3 as defined below. Complete a realistic and thoughtful evaluation of your work. Your chair and methodologist will also use the criterion tables to evaluate your work.
5. Your Prospectus should be no longer than 6-10 pages when the tables are deleted.
0
Item Not Present
1
Item is Present. Does Not Meet Expectations. Revisions are Required: Not all components are present. Large gaps are present in the components that leave the reader with significant questions. All items scored at 1 must be addressed by learner per reviewer comments.
2
Item is Acceptable. Meets Expectations.Some Revisions May Be Required Now or in the Future. Component is present and adequate. Small gaps are present that leave the reader with questions. Any item scored at 2 must be addressed by the learner per the reviewer comments.
3
Item Exceeds Expectations. No Revisions Required. Component is addressed clearly and comprehensively. No gaps are present that leave the reader with questions. No changes required.
Dissertation Prospectus
Introduction
Southern Texas encompasses different groups of people whose behavior, gender identity, and gender expression varies depending on cultural identity and norms. About a quarter of individuals in United States have a history or are experiencing a mental disorder with approximately 6% of the population having critical mental illness. These mental problems typically affect the general well-being of an individual. For instance, patients living with severe mental disorders are more likely to die in average of twenty-six years earlier than the average life expectanc ...
This document provides instructions for writing a dissertation prospectus. It outlines 5 requirements for the prospectus, including reading the entire template, writing each section to address criteria in a table, using the criteria table for self-evaluation, and keeping the prospectus between 6-10 pages. It then provides a sample prospectus section on the theoretical foundations/conceptual framework and review of literature/themes. This section reviews literature identifying themes around lack of mental health education/infrastructure, lack of medical insurance, and poor community perceptions as factors affecting utilization of mental health services in South Texas. It proposes using Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory as the theoretical model.
IntroductionSeveral economic types of research have demonstrat.docxnormanibarber20063
Introduction
Several economic types of research have demonstrated that there is a strong positive correlation between years of schooling and health. However, the main question centered in this study is the relationship that exists between education and Health (Buckles, et al.2013). This paper will employ several changes that have been made in education and health studies to test the hypothesis that there is a causal relationship between education and health. Results from this study suggest that there is a causal relation ranging from more schooling to better health, which is more significant than the standards regression suggestions
Description
Public intellectuals and policymakers usually emphasize the essence of education. They argue that education results in expanded job opportunities and higher expected earnings. However, there may be other essential benefits of education, which have not been understood appropriately. Recent economic literature reviews on the effects of education on the health of a population found out that there is substantial evidence that links education not only to increase earning potential of an individual but also to reduce criminal behavior. This is also related to increased voting as well as democratic participation and improved health outcomes. Given the fact that education is a crucial multifaceted component that affects health; the research composed in this paper has education and health policy makers, as its targets audiences due to the multiple causative relationships between the two variables. The ability of policymakers and the governments to understand the Education- Health relationship would help them whenever deciding on whether to invest more in education or healthcare.
.
Literature Review
With the current empirical economics, hypotheses usually go either way, depending on the economist’s perspective. One might assume that better education leads to better health or better health lead to a better education. Or maybe the fact that education brings more income thus betters health; versus better health helping individuals become more educated. But one thing that we could all agree on is the fact that education correlates with health. Education is one of the major social factors that most economic researchers have cited that is linked to longer lifespans in every country where it has been studied. For example; according to the CDC: for every 100,000 deaths amongst non-high school graduate American males aged between 25 to 64 years old, the mortality rate was 655.2; for the males within the same age group but with high-school diplomas, the mortality rate is 600.9. Whereas; the mortality rate for those with college education or higher given the same parameters was 238.9(Martinek, 2017). Such results are a pure reflection of the fact that the more educated people are, the more likely they are better informed thus making better health choices.
Alternatively, health in young adulthood and childhood years may .
This document summarizes a study that used classical and Bayesian structural equation modeling to analyze factors influencing an individual's health index. The study used data from a health survey of over 5,000 individuals in Malaysia. It identified socio-demographic factors, lifestyle factors, and mental health as latent variables potentially influencing the health index. Both classical and Bayesian SEM were used to model relationships between these latent variables and manifest variables measuring them, like employment, exercise, and stress levels. Both approaches found socio-demographic status and lifestyle were significantly related to health index, but mental health was not. The Bayesian approach allowed incorporating prior information into the analysis.
New approaches for moving upstream how state and local health departments can...Jim Bloyd, DrPH, MPH
Growing evidence shows that unequal distribution of wealth and power across race, class, and gender produces the differences in living conditions that are “upstream” drivers of health inequalities. Health educators and other public health professionals, however, still develop interventions that focus mainly on “downstream” behavioral risks. Three factors explain the difficulty in translating this knowledge into practice. First, in their allegiance to the status quo, powerful elites often resist upstream policies and programs that redistribute wealth and power. Second, public health practice is often grounded in dominant biomedical and behavioral paradigms, and health departments also face legal and political limits on expanding their scope of activities. Finally, the evidence for the impact of upstream interventions is limited, in part because methodologies for evaluating upstream interventions are less developed. To illustrate strategies to overcome these obstacles, we profile recent campaigns in the United States to enact living wages, prevent mortgage foreclosures, and reduce exposure to air pollution. We then examine how health educators working in state and local health departments can transform their practice to contribute to campaigns that reallocate the wealth and power that shape the living conditions that determine health and health inequalities. We also consider health educators’ role in producing the evidence that can guide transformative expansion of upstream interventions to reduce health inequalities.
1. The document analyzes the relationship between health literacy, demographic factors, and disparities in health insurance coverage using a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.
2. It finds that lower health literacy directly predicts lack of health insurance, and that health literacy mediates the impact of race/ethnicity, education, and other factors on insurance coverage.
3. The results suggest health literacy initiatives should target systemic barriers to improve access to health insurance for vulnerable groups defined by demographics and socioeconomic status.
This summary describes a quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design that evaluated the effectiveness of an educational intervention on dietary guidelines for adults in Newton County, Mississippi. A convenience sample of 50 community-dwelling adults between 18-64 years old participated. Data was collected using the Health Behavior Survey before and after the intervention, which took place in a classroom and consisted of lectures and discussions. The study aimed to determine if the intervention increased awareness of a healthy, balanced diet and decreased risk for chronic disease, but only found a significant effect for some dietary behaviors and not others like physical activity levels.
This document describes a study that examined how unmet basic needs cluster in low-income populations and how the effectiveness of health interventions may vary based on levels of unmet basic needs. The study analyzed data from a randomized controlled trial where low-income callers to a 211 helpline received cancer screening referrals along with one of three interventions: verbal referral only, verbal referral plus a printed reminder, or verbal referral plus navigation from a health coach. Latent class analysis identified three classes of unmet basic needs among participants. Logistic regression found that for those with relatively more or money-specific unmet needs, the navigator intervention was more effective at linking them to health referrals, while the printed reminder worked as well as the navigator for those
AbstractThree hundred and four participants in the Lothian Bir.docxannetnash8266
Abstract
Three hundred and four participants in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 study took a validated IQ-type test at age 11 years and a battery of cognitive tests at age 70 years. Three tests of health literacy were completed at age 72 years; the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM), the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA), and the Newest Vital Sign (NVS). Participants who had a lower childhood IQ exhibited poorer performance on all three tests of health literacy taken in older adulthood. Relative cognitive change from age 11 to 70 and education were also important factors influencing performance on health literacy tasks, independent of childhood cognitive ability. It is important to understand the determinants of low health literacy in order to support individuals in managing their own health.
Research highlights
► Childhood IQ, relative cognitive change (age 11 to 70) & education were measured. ► Participants with lower childhood IQ had poorer health literacy scores at 72 years. ► Cognitive change & education influenced health literacy independent of childhood IQ. ► Understanding predictors of health literacy, could improve self-management of health.
Keywords
Health literacy;
IQ;
Cognition;
Health outcomes;
Cognitive change;
Old age
1. Introduction
Increasingly, individuals are expected to manage their health and partake in behaviors to either prevent or self-manage disease. For those who lack the cognitive or financial resources, health knowledge, or access to healthcare services, meeting these expectations can be difficult. Health literacy, “the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions” (Ratzan & Parker, 2000) has been pinpointed as one key resource that individuals use to promote, protect, and manage their health. Recently, several brief assessment tools to measure health literacy skills have been developed and considered for clinical use. There is a well-established association between lower scores on these measures and an increased likelihood of adverse health outcomes (DeWalt, Berkman, Sheridan, Lohr, & Pignone, 2004), such as higher risk of hospital admission (Baker et al., 2002 and Baker et al., 1998), poor self reported health (Baker et al., 1997 and Wolf et al., 2005), pursuing poor health behaviors (Von Wagner, Knight, Steptoe, & Wardle, 2007), lack of knowledge about preventive healthcare (Scott, Gazmararian, Williams, & Baker, 2002), and higher mortality (Baker et al., 2007 and Sudore et al., 2006). Individuals with poor health literacy may not fully understand or appropriately apply health-related knowledge to manage their health. Therefore, health service providers are obliged to consider health literacy an important issue.
General cognitive ability (intelligence) – the capacity to learn and reason well, spot and solve problems, and use abstract ideas (Gottfredson, 2008) – has also been associated wit.
Identify the Topic you Selected in the First Line of your Posting.docxwilcockiris
Identify the Topic you Selected in the First Line of your Posting
The topic I selected is nursing burnout. I attempted to select a t-test study for nursing burnout and EHR; however, I could not find a study covering these key words, so I settled for nursing burnout. The DNP project I wish to implement is to create an educational training for the new EHR start-up to decrease nurse stress and burnout.
Summarize the Study Discussed in your Selected Research Article and Provide a Complete APA Citation. Include in your Summary the Sample, Data Sources, Inferential Statistic Utilized, and Findings
Malliarou, M. M., Moustaka, E. C., & Konstantinidis, T. C. (2008). Burnout of nursing personnel in a regional university hospital. Health Science Journal, 2(3), 140-152.
The authors attempted through this study to determine whether burnout has various levels as correlated with demographic, education level, and professional indices. The study was conducted at a regional hospital with two questionnaires: a demographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Descriptive statistical analysis was completed with One Way Variance Analysis (ANOVA) and a t-test. The ANOVA was used to determine the statistical significance of the levels of burnout and the levels of demographic and education level data. The t-test was then used to compare the means of the two groups and the ANOVA was used to compare the means in multiple groups. The authors discovered that demographic and education level data did not have statistical significance for burnout prediction, and that the higher the level of perceived burnout, the more the nurse is likely to quit their position, leave the facility, or retire.
Evaluate the Purpose and Value of this Particular Research Study to the Topic.
The purpose of this research study was to determine if there are different levels of burnout and if burnout is correlated to demographic and educational level status. The t-test is a test that seeks to reject the null hypothesis and show that there is statistical significance between the variables (Laerd, 2013). The study question is an intriguing one! Attempting to look at different levels of burnout and if these levels can correlate to staff nurses demographics/education is one that has not been broached before. In this case, discovering that there is not a statistical significance is great news as well – this information can be used when constructing additional studies. This information can also be used when creating policies in facilities for preventing burnout, understanding what burn out is, what it is not, and factors that create burnout and those that do not.
Did Using Inferential Statistics Strengthen or Weaken the Study’s Application to Evidence-Based Practice?
In this case, the use of inferential statistics strengthened the study and the information gained from the study that can be generalized to the population at large. Being able to statistically calculate that there.
Rosemary Frasso's presentation from the
Penn Urban Doctoral Symposium
May 13, 2011
Co-sponsored with Penn’s Urban Studies program, this symposium celebrates the work of graduating urban-focused doctoral candidates. Graduates present and discuss their dissertation findings. Luncheon attended by the students, their families and their committees follows.
LuciousDavis1-Research Methods for Health Sciences-01-Unit9_AssignmentLucious Davis
This document discusses health disparities faced by minority groups in the United States. It focuses on disparities experienced by African Americans, such as higher rates of homicide, heart disease, and cancer. These disparities are linked to socioeconomic factors like low income and lack of access to quality healthcare. The author proposes investigating connections between race, economic status, access to healthcare and treatment. A quantitative and qualitative research approach will be used to understand disparities and how socioeconomic status impacts health outcomes in minority communities.
Critical Appraisal Of Research Essay Example Paper.docxstudywriters
1) Four peer-reviewed articles on racism and health were critically appraised using an evaluation table.
2) Based on the appraisal, the best practice that emerged was reducing racism in healthcare settings to improve health outcomes and promote equal access to quality care.
3) Stronger measures are needed to eliminate racism through increasing cultural competency training and ensuring non-discriminatory, equitable treatment for all patients.
Critical Appraisal Of Research Essay Example Paper.docxstudywriters
1) Four peer-reviewed articles on racism and health were critically appraised using an evaluation table.
2) Based on the appraisal, the best practice that emerged was reducing racism in healthcare settings to improve health outcomes and promote equal access to quality care.
3) Stronger measures are needed to eliminate racism through improving cultural competency and ensuring all patients receive equitable treatment.
1
Literature Review Assignment
STUDENT NAME
Class
Date
2
Part A: Annotated Bibliography
Article 1: Immigration as a Social Determinant of Health
Castañeda, H., Holmes, S. M., Madrigal, D. S., Young, M.-E. D., Beyeler, N., & Quesada, J.
(2015). Immigration as a Social Determinant of Health. Annual Review of Public
Health, 36(1), 375–392. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182419
Abstract
Although immigration and immigrant populations have become increasingly important foci in
public health research and practice, a social determinants of health approach has seldom been
applied in this area. Global patterns of morbidity and mortality follow inequities rooted in
societal, political, and economic conditions produced and reproduced by social structures,
policies, and institutions. The lack of dialogue between these two profoundly related
phenomena—social determinants of health and immigration—has resulted in missed
opportunities for public health research, practice, and policy work. In this article, we discuss
primary frameworks used in recent public health literature on the health of immigrant
populations, note gaps in this literature, and argue for a broader examination of immigration as
both socially determined and a social determinant of health. We discuss priorities for future
research and policy to understand more fully and respond appropriately to the health of the
populations affected by this global phenomenon.
Annotated Bibliography
The article reports on the importance of identifying social determinants and the effects of
socially determined structures among immigrant populations in the United States. The study
identifies ways in which immigrants health outcomes are based on biases due to using
3
information based on group behaviors instead of on an induvial case. The impact of migrant and
immigrant individuals, physical and mental health in these communities’ changes as social,
economic, and political policies take place. This article is helpful in that broadens the
immigration experience including more central factors than just language, income, or education
as the cause of all health related problems in this community. But to show factors of power
structures and the ability to put in place effective health interventions that respond to direct
causes of poor or declining health in these populations.
Article 2: Fear by Association: Perceptions of Anti-Immigrant Policy and Health Outcomes
Vargas, Edward & Sanchez, Gabriel & Juárez, Melina. (2017). Fear by Association: Perceptions
of Anti-Immigrant Policy and Health Outcomes. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and
Law. 42. 3802940. 10.1215/03616878-3802940.
Abstract
The United States is experiencing a renewed period of immigration and immigrant policy
activity as well as heightened enforcement of such policies. This intensified activity can affect
various aspects of im ...
Similar to 2013 Health Literacy Annual Research Conference Poster Presentation (20)
This document summarizes a breakout session at a health literacy conference on using tweets for engagement and health messaging. It introduces the three presenters and their areas of expertise in health communication and social media. It then outlines the objectives of the session, which are to effectively use Twitter and tweet chats for health literacy messaging, establish and structure tweet chats, and analyze participant feedback. The rest of the document provides details on how to create effective health messages as tweets, examples of good and bad tweets, how to create and structure a tweet chat, and Twitter tools and etiquette.
This presentation discusses using social media to communicate health literate messages. It begins with an agenda that includes discussing the range of social media sites, how to use them to communicate health messages, and how to evaluate their effectiveness. It then reviews popular social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Google+, and Instagram and their unique capabilities and limitations. The presentation emphasizes understanding your target audience and their social media usage. It provides tips for health literate messaging on social media, including using hashtags, pictures/videos, plain language, and questions instead of instructions. It concludes by discussing how to evaluate social media's effectiveness.
This document discusses a project that uses GIS mapping and cost analysis to develop a method for estimating school transportation costs for foster youth. The project partners with local agencies in Cumberland County, NC to obtain data on foster youth placements, school locations, and transportation costs. The method calculates distances and travel times between placements and schools using a Google Maps API to estimate costs. Preliminary results show transportation costs increase with each school change. The project aims to inform strategic planning to increase school stability and educational outcomes for foster youth.
A Problem-posing Health Intervention: Developing an HIV /AIDS Health Literacy...RV Rikard
1. The document describes a partnership between an AIDS services organization, members of the African American community, and researchers to develop an HIV/AIDS health literacy toolkit using a problem-posing methodology.
2. The problem-posing method engaged participants in dialogue to identify generative themes about HIV/AIDS in the African American community, which were then codified into culturally appropriate representations.
3. The process helped establish relationships, develop a culturally sensitive toolkit to raise HIV/AIDS awareness, and empower community members to contribute to health literacy efforts. The main challenge was limited resources.
Gender Differences in Self-Esteem: Perceived Gender Discrimination and Gender...RV Rikard
This study examines factors that influence gender differences in self-esteem among middle school students. It hypothesizes that perceived gender discrimination mediates the relationship between gender and self-esteem. The study finds that perceived discrimination has the strongest negative impact on self-esteem. Peer relationships have a greater influence on self-esteem than family or teacher relationships. Younger middle school students tend to have higher self-esteem than older students.
Know Your Status: Health Literacy, Attitudes, and Beliefs Among African Amer...RV Rikard
This study examined the relationship between health literacy, attitudes, and beliefs related to HIV testing among African Americans. The authors hypothesized that higher health literacy would predict more positive attitudes toward HIV testing, even after controlling for other factors. They surveyed 172 African Americans and found that higher health literacy significantly predicted more positive testing attitudes. Prior HIV testing, religious importance, views of HIV as a gay disease, and beliefs about condoms also impacted testing attitudes. The authors concluded that interventions should address multiple factors beyond just self-efficacy to help reduce health disparities.
The document discusses unemployment rates, workforce changes, and economic challenges in rural North Carolina from 2007-2009. It shows that rural counties generally had higher unemployment rates than urban counties during this period. The manufacturing, retail, and wholesale sectors declined significantly in rural areas while the service sector grew. It also notes increasing poverty, home foreclosures, and numbers of people exhausting unemployment benefits in rural North Carolina during the recession.
The document summarizes North Carolina's economic and workforce situation as of June 30, 2009. Unemployment rates were high, reaching 11.1% in North Carolina. Many people were receiving food stamps and homes were being foreclosed. The recession had caused widespread job losses, especially impacting manufacturing and dislocated workers. Recovery was expected to be slow and difficult, with challenges including high poverty levels, lower wages in new jobs, and effects continuing even after the economy improves.
2008 Southern Sociological Society Meeting "Race Differences in Girl Violence...RV Rikard
This study examines differences in violence between black and white adolescent females and the role of school identity. The researchers hypothesized that 1) black females would report higher levels of violence, 2) identifying as a good student would reduce violence, and 3) stress, anger, and peers would help explain racial differences in violence. Analyses found black females reported twice as much violence but identifying as a good student reduced violence for all. Strong student identity buffered the impact of race such that black females committed less violence than white females if they valued being good students. The findings suggest marginalized identities and commitment to academics influence adolescent female violence.
Rural Economic Development Organization Green Business Fund PresentationRV Rikard
The document discusses the green economy in North Carolina through three key points:
1) The green economy in North Carolina includes around 500 companies working in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and sustainability. It is one of the top 10 states for new green energy investment and jobs.
2) The NC Green Business Fund was created in 2007 to award up to $100,000 per project to small businesses and organizations to encourage developing green technologies in areas like biofuels and green building. In 2008, it received 85 proposals totaling $7 million and awarded four grants.
3) For rural North Carolina, the green economy could mean economic development and jobs as well as improved environmental and personal quality of life. Immediate needs include
N C General Assembly Government Operations Subcomm.RV Rikard
The document discusses North Carolina's Green Business Fund, which provides grants to small businesses and non-profits to encourage the growth of the state's green economy. It received $1 million in funding for fiscal years 2008 and 2009. The fund prioritizes projects in biofuels, green building, and clean technology. In its first round of grants, it awarded over $1 million total to 12 recipients across those priority areas. Continued funding is seen as critical to support North Carolina's green businesses and environment.
Grant Informaiton Network "How Do I Find The Money?"RV Rikard
The document provides tips for finding funding sources by first determining key details like funding needs, timeframe, and purpose. It recommends searching federal sites like CFDA and Grants.gov as well as specific agency sites. Commercial sites like GuideStar and eCivis are also mentioned. Professional organizations may have specialty funding opportunities. Knowing search criteria and using multiple sources can help locate applicable grants.
General NC Green Business Fund PresentationRV Rikard
The document provides information about applying for grants from the North Carolina Green Business Fund (NCGBF). It discusses the background and purpose of the NCGBF, which provides grants to green businesses and projects. It outlines the eligibility requirements, priority areas, application process and requirements, including preparing a proposal with sections for the narrative, work plan, outcomes and budget. Tips are provided for writing a strong proposal to increase chances of receiving a grant. Contact information is also included for the grant administrator to answer any questions.
2007 Southern Soc. Society - "The Strength of Strong Ties for Older Adults: I...RV Rikard
This study examined the relationship between social ties, residential location, and subjective well-being among older adults. The researchers hypothesized that rural residents would report higher subjective well-being than urban/suburban residents, and that informal social integration would be associated with higher subjective well-being. The results showed no difference in subjective well-being between rural and urban residents. However, informal social ties, such as interactions with friends and family, were significantly associated with higher subjective well-being across all groups. Additionally, informal social ties appeared to have a greater impact on the well-being of rural older adults compared to their urban counterparts. The researchers concluded that strong, informal social ties are important for the well-being of older adults, especially
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptxwalterHu5
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Our backs are like superheroes, holding us up and helping us move around. But sometimes, even superheroes can get hurt. That’s where slip discs come in.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Hiranandani Hospital in Powai, Mumbai, is a premier healthcare institution that has been serving the community with exceptional medical care since its establishment. As a part of the renowned Hiranandani Group, the hospital is committed to delivering world-class healthcare services across a wide range of specialties, including kidney transplantation. With its state-of-the-art facilities, advanced medical technology, and a team of highly skilled healthcare professionals, Hiranandani Hospital has earned a reputation as a trusted name in the healthcare industry. The hospital's patient-centric approach, coupled with its focus on innovation and excellence, ensures that patients receive the highest standard of care in a compassionate and supportive environment.
2013 Health Literacy Annual Research Conference Poster Presentation
1. Introduction
O
bjectives
Data & Methods
R
esults
C
onclusions
Examining Health Literacy Disparities in the United States: A Third Look at the National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL)
Our research is a third look at the health literacy of American adults.
In a series of reports from the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL), Kutner and colleagues (2006; 2006) provide a first look at literacy and health literacy of America’s adult population.
In brief, the results implicitly point to the differential relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health literacy level.
However, Kutner and colleagues (2006; 2006) explicitly caution that the results do not capture complex associations or interactions.
R.V. Rikard
Maxine S. Thompson
Andrew Pleasant
Julie McKinney
Department of Sociology & Anthropology
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, North Carolina
Canyon Ranch Institute
Tucson, Arizona
McKinney & Associates
Health Literacy Consulting
Cambridge, Massachusetts
On your mobile device? Scan the code to download and read our research.
The data come from the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) managed by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) under restricted access.
The NAAL is the only nationally representative data set that contains a latent measure of health literacy (Baldi et al., 2009; Jin, Greenberg, & Baer, 2007).
In our analyses, the complete household sample is limited to an analytical sample of adults 18 years of age or older and individuals with complete data on the independent variables. Thus, the sample is reduced to 15,309 respondents.
Given the multi-stratified cluster sampling design, all analyses are conducted in STATA 12 to include sample weights.
NAAL Analytic Sample
1. Examine social differences in health literacy to understand disparities in health outcomes.
2. Move beyond descriptive analyses and employ data from the general population to examine health literacy disparities.
3. Expand measures of SES to include measures of relational social class and social resources to provide more insight about the importance of SES resources than income, educational attainment, and/ or occupational status (Muntaner et al., 2010).
A series of weighted Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models predicting health literacy level reveal:
• As an individual’s occupational prestige increases there is approximately half a point increase in health literacy scores;
• Health literacy levels among women are higher compared to men;
• Health literacy levels are significantly lower for respondents who never marry compared to married respondents or those living as married;
• Compared to English-speaking respondents, health literacy scores are significantly lower for those who grew up speaking another language;
• Compared to respondents who voted in the 2000 election, lower health literacy scores are observed for individuals who are either non-citizens or non-voters;
• Health literacy scores increase as time spent volunteering increases.
1. The findings in the present research are generalizable to the adult population in the United States.
2. The analyses call attention to the limitations of the current definition of health literacy.
3. Relational social class and social resources shape disparities in health literacy.
Pleasant’s (2008) second look clarifies the presentation of NAAL results by emphasizing the context of findings from the initial NAAL report.
Health Literacy as a Latent Trait?
Item Response Theory (IRT) focuses on the level of difficulty for a given question or item and an individual’s performance (i.e., answering the question correctly) in relation to the item.
The Graded Response Model (GRM) is considered a more general IRT model for dichotomous response options. The NCES provides the a or discrimination parameter and b or difficulty parameters for all items in the NAAL. The a parameters, b parameters, and recoded item responses are entered into Meade’s (2010) VisualDF program to compute theta values for the 28 items.