This document discusses different types of rights and theories related to them. It defines rights as claims that one is entitled to something. There are several dichotomies of rights discussed, including: natural vs. societal rights; moral vs. legal rights; and positive vs. negative rights. Natural rights are those we have for being human, like life, while societal rights depend on membership in a society. Moral rights are claims that ought to be respected, while legal rights are those that can be respected under the law. Positive rights require others to provide something, like healthcare, while negative rights prevent interference, like the right to not be beaten. For every right, someone has a corresponding duty to ensure that right.

1. RIGHTS And theories that correspond with them

2. What are Rights? A Right is a claim that you are entitled to something In rounds, especially LD, make sure you opponents explicitly define what rights are being discussed.

3. Different Rights Several different dichotomies exist in the realm of rights: Natural v. Societal Moral v. Legal Positive v. Negative

4. Natural v. Societal Natural Rights we have for being human Life Survival Existence Individual Autonomy Societal Rights we have due to membership in a particular society Only apply to the people of that society Only white land-owners can vote No moral implications can be determined

5. Moral v. Legal Moral Claims which OUGHT to be respected Follows logically that it SHOULD be fulfilled Typically a Natural right, but don’t come from nature Legal Claims that CAN (but not necessarily always need to be) respected Rights protected by the law Always Societal rights; that is, the law of the society creates them Whites got better treatment during segregation; but those were legal rights

6. Positive v. Negative Negative Positive Claims that others must help you in some way Right to health care or minimum standard of living Often seen in conflict with negative rights My positive right to welfare will encroach on someone else’s negative right to keep the money they have earned Others CANNOT interfere with you Right not be be beaten or stolen from Considered good by mostly everyone and considered more valuable Fundamental to proper functioning of society

7. General Rights Info Any given right is either natural or societal Any given right is also moral or legal Any given right is either negative or positive With that being presented, what is: The right to bear arms? The right to a free and fair trial? The right for survival?

8. Rights and Duty What is DUTY? Something that one is required or expected to do by a moral or legal obligation (dictionary.com) SOUNDS LIKE RIGHTS? How are rights and duty related? For every right someone has, another person has a duty to ensure the right in some way How is DUTY determined? By Society? Nature?

9. Examples Right I have the right to life _______________________ I have the right to medical care Duty __________________________ Judge has a duty to be impartial __________________________