Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is an eye disorder that affects premature infants weighing less than 3 pounds or born before 31 weeks of gestation. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow in the retina and can cause retinal detachment and blindness if not treated properly. Timely treatment between 36-38 weeks of gestation or at 6 weeks of age with laser therapy or cryotherapy can prevent blindness by destroying the abnormal blood vessels. Without treatment, ROP often leads to permanent blindness.