The document discusses various respiratory disorders in children. It covers signs and symptoms of conditions like stridor, cough, wheezing, and apnea. It describes common etiologies of different respiratory problems in infants and children of various ages. It also outlines approaches to evaluating respiratory symptoms, distinguishing between conditions, and managing specific disorders like croup, epiglottitis, pneumonia, tracheomalacia, and hemoptysis.

1. Respiratory Disorders<br />General Signs and Symptoms

2. Stridor

3. Know the ddx of congenital stridor

4. Inspiratory stridor: Laryngomalacia, subglottic stenosis, vocal cord paralysis

5. Expiratory stridor: tracheomalacia or lesions in the airway structures or thoracic cavity

6. Biphasic: vascular rings and slings

7. Know the different etiologies of stridor in children of different ages

8. Birth: choanal atresia, laryngeal web or stenosis, vascular ring, vocal cord paralysis

9. 4-6 weeks: laryngomalacia, tracheomalacia

10. 1-4 years: croup, epiglottitis, foreign body aspiration

11. >5 years: vocal cord dysfunction, exercise, peritonsillar abscess, anaphylaxis

12. Know that endoscopy is the diagnostic tool of choice for laryngeal and vocal cord disorders