This document discusses resource planning and allocation for construction projects. It addresses the importance of managing resources like manpower, equipment, and materials. The key resources are labor, materials, and equipment. The document outlines different approaches to allocating resources based on whether resources are limited or unlimited, and how to level resource usage over time to improve efficiency and productivity.

1. Presented by : VENUMADHAV.R.YEMUL
Guided by : MILIND.D.DARADE
Roll No : 5073
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2. Manpower, equipment, and materials are
important project resources that require
management attention.
The basic objective of resource planning and
resource allocation is to supply and support
the field operations.
The term resource allocation is used in the
case where required resources are assigned
such that available resources are not
exceeded.
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3. Resources are the means of production
needed to complete a project.
Most project managers would consider the
big three resources that will require your
attention to be:
• Material
• Labor
• Equipment
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4. A. LABOUR
a. In the limited resource allocation case, there
are two assumptions:
(1) There are a fixed number of crews available
to perform the work and
(2) The project may be delayed as a result of
the limitation of crews.
The objective of the resource allocation
problem is to determine when the project will
be completed.
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5. b. In the unlimited resource leveling case, there
are two assumptions:
(1) There are an unlimited number of crews
available to perform the work and
(2) The project may not be delayed.
The objective of the resource leveling
problem is to determine how to limit the
fluctuation in crews required on the job.
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6. B. MATERIALS
Materials, for projects with sufficient on-site
storage, are delivered to the site and assumed
to be available to workers as needed.
A material-related concern for sites that have
sufficient space is that of optimizing the position
of materials on the site so that they require the
least travel time from the lay-down yard to the
work-face.
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7. C. EQUIPMENTS
There are various types of equipment used on
construction sites.
Some of this equipment should be considered in
the project plan, some need not be included.
Workers, and their companies, are typically
required to provide the small tools needed to
complete their specific features of work.
There are some types of equipment, however, that
can affect the overall sequence and duration of the
project.
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8. Resource allocation is used to assign the
available resources in an economic way.
It is part of resource management.
In project management, resource allocation
is the scheduling of activities and the
resources required by those activities while
taking into consideration both the resource
availability and the project time.
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9. Resource planning cannot be accomplished
without four essential resources necessary
to accomplish the given scope of work:
• MATERIAL
• MAN POWER
• MACHINARY
• TIME
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10. Human resources for construction planning
breaks down into three major categories as
follows:
• Home office personnel(Administrative
Persons)
• Construction personnel (field supervision
and labor)
• Construction subcontractors(Electrification,
Plumbing, etc)
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11. The ideal form of a personnel loading curves
is a trapezoid.
The average personnel loading curve is a
straight line.
Actual practice loading curves take the
shape of a bell curve
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13. The latter two result when the personnel
loading curves occur earlier or later than
planned on a project.
Front loaded curve- the work started as early
as possible.
Normal loaded curve- the work started at
normal time.
Back loaded curve- the work started as late
as possible.
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14. The "S" curve for the ideally loaded project has
a gradual start and finish, which indicates
smooth starting and finishing conditions.
The forward loaded curve shows a rapid project
start up and an even more gradual than normal
phase out at the end.
The backward-loaded project indicates a more
relaxed start and a very steep finish slope on
the "S" curve.
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17. Ensuring that the material resources for the
project arrive on time involves these
important planning areas:
• Long-delivery equipment
• Special materials and alloys
• Common materials in short supply
• Services and system requirements
• Transportation systems
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18. Resource Limited: The project must be finished as
soon as possible, but without exceeding some
specific level of resource usage or some general
resource constraint
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19. 1. When the schedule demands more workers
per day than are available or if we have
workers standing around without jobs, we
have a problem.
2. When a new hire is trained, there is loss of
productivity. So, if we can keep the trained
people and reduce the number of new hires,
we should be better off.
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20. . As we know, every project suffers from start-up
problems of some sort. Superintendents and
project managers are very busy trying to get
everybody working in a productivity manner.
Therefore, if we can start with a small crew and
increase its size gradually, we will eliminate some
of the start-up problems.
. Most projects suffer from congestion around
project completion time because of reduced work
areas. Thus, if we can gradually reduce the crew
size as we approach project completion, we can
improve productivity by reducing congestion.
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21. The leveling procedure are as follows:
• Scheduling all the critical jobs first.
• Starting the non-critical jobs whenever there
is a drop in scheduled man power upto the
point where the peak is reached.
• Starting the non-critical jobs whenever there
is a drop so that no ups and downs occur in
the resource profile.
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22. › Time Limited: The project must be finished by a
certain time, using as few resources as possible.
But it is time, not resource usage, that is critical
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23. Resource Histograms:
• A bar chart showing the amount of time
assigned to a resource for the time interval.
• Resource availability is depicted as a line for
comparison purposes.
• Resources assigned more work than
available hours are considered “over-allocated”.
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24. INTRODUCTION
ERP is a business management software,
usually a suite of integrated applications, that a
company can use to store and manage data
from every stage of business, including:
Product planning, cost and development
Manufacturing
Marketing and sales
Inventory management
Shipping and payment
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25. ERP systems could be used in the construction
industry for the following general purposes:
1. To improve responsibilities in relation to
customers.
2. To strength supply chain partnerships.
3. To enhance organizational flexibility.
4. To improve decision-making capabilities.
5. To reduce project completion time and cost.
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28. Without the proper resource allocation, one will
pay the price for late job completions and cost
overruns.
The goal of resource leveling is to assign
resources to project activities in a manner that
will improve productivity and efficiency.
During the last two decades, the construction
industry has progressed in this trend of
improving resource allocation it merely out of
interest but as a means of survival in a more
competitive world.
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