This document provides information on resin laminate veneers, including definitions, history, indications, advantages, disadvantages, materials used, and procedures. Resin laminate veneers are thin bonded composite resins that are applied to teeth to improve aesthetics or appearance. They involve a conservative preparation and bonding to the tooth structure. The document discusses the different types of composites used including microfilled, nanohybrid, and others, as well as shade selection and procedures for applying the veneers. Factors that influence the success and failure of composite veneers are also summarized.
history, classification, types of veneers, indications and contraindications, working procedure, preparation, ipmpression taking for veneers, surface treatment and cementation, veneers vs crowns
Porcelain laminates /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
history, classification, types of veneers, indications and contraindications, working procedure, preparation, ipmpression taking for veneers, surface treatment and cementation, veneers vs crowns
Porcelain laminates /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
A ceramic veneer is a thin shell custom that is made to fit on the tooth.
some of the benefits of a ceramic veneer:
It is strong and long-lasting
It's smooth, translucent surface provides a natural appearance
It doesn't stain easily
These are replacement roots of teeth that give a durable foundation for both fixed or removable replacement teeth that go well with the appearance of your natural teeth.
In the last decades the development of the porcelain materials, the reliable bonding strength to enamel and dentin, and the bonding of resin cement to the porcelain through the silane, Porcelain laminates become trusted type of treatment in the daily practice.
It is an aesthetic treatment that concerns mainly the labial face of the anterior teeth, its thickness is about 0.3 mm in the cervical area to 0.4 -7 at the incisal third, in certain cases it can be done without any prep or just little touch of the enamel (lumineer), but in most prep is indicated to improve the adaptation in the cervical area also to remove the aprismatic enamel layer which which has low bonding strength with the resin cement, however prep should be in the enamel limits, 3 different type of prep are practiced, however, they are the same on the labial surface but the but the difference concerns the incisal edge.
In this lecture, indications and contraindications are exposed. All the materials in use and their indications as well as the clinical procedures are detailed.
Dental Esthetics include the use of bonded ceramic veneers and laminates. This presentation helps to understand various concepts relating to the preparation and utility of such restorations. - Dr. Abhishek John Samuel, MDS (Endodontics)
Veneers /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
With all of the new innovations for dental cosmetics, dental veneers created hope for those who wanted to have instantly perfect teeth. Dental veneers provide new appearance to your teeth’s shape, color and length. They are bonded onto the surface to cover the unsightly appearance of your permanent teeth. There are two kinds of dental veneers, the porcelain and the resin. In just 2 visits, you can have the smile you always wanted.
Laminate veneers by student at faculty of oral and dental medcine Ahram canad...Menna-Allah Ashraf
this document will supply you with all you need to know about laminate veneers :
1) Advantages and disadvantages of laminate veneers.
2) Indications and contraindications of laminate veneers
3) Types of laminate veneer and their advantages and disadvantages.
4) Porcelain laminate veneers : features and preparations.
5) lumineers
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
A ceramic veneer is a thin shell custom that is made to fit on the tooth.
some of the benefits of a ceramic veneer:
It is strong and long-lasting
It's smooth, translucent surface provides a natural appearance
It doesn't stain easily
These are replacement roots of teeth that give a durable foundation for both fixed or removable replacement teeth that go well with the appearance of your natural teeth.
In the last decades the development of the porcelain materials, the reliable bonding strength to enamel and dentin, and the bonding of resin cement to the porcelain through the silane, Porcelain laminates become trusted type of treatment in the daily practice.
It is an aesthetic treatment that concerns mainly the labial face of the anterior teeth, its thickness is about 0.3 mm in the cervical area to 0.4 -7 at the incisal third, in certain cases it can be done without any prep or just little touch of the enamel (lumineer), but in most prep is indicated to improve the adaptation in the cervical area also to remove the aprismatic enamel layer which which has low bonding strength with the resin cement, however prep should be in the enamel limits, 3 different type of prep are practiced, however, they are the same on the labial surface but the but the difference concerns the incisal edge.
In this lecture, indications and contraindications are exposed. All the materials in use and their indications as well as the clinical procedures are detailed.
Dental Esthetics include the use of bonded ceramic veneers and laminates. This presentation helps to understand various concepts relating to the preparation and utility of such restorations. - Dr. Abhishek John Samuel, MDS (Endodontics)
Veneers /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
With all of the new innovations for dental cosmetics, dental veneers created hope for those who wanted to have instantly perfect teeth. Dental veneers provide new appearance to your teeth’s shape, color and length. They are bonded onto the surface to cover the unsightly appearance of your permanent teeth. There are two kinds of dental veneers, the porcelain and the resin. In just 2 visits, you can have the smile you always wanted.
Laminate veneers by student at faculty of oral and dental medcine Ahram canad...Menna-Allah Ashraf
this document will supply you with all you need to know about laminate veneers :
1) Advantages and disadvantages of laminate veneers.
2) Indications and contraindications of laminate veneers
3) Types of laminate veneer and their advantages and disadvantages.
4) Porcelain laminate veneers : features and preparations.
5) lumineers
Diagnosis-orthodontic /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental a...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Diagnosis define the problem /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Classification of malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Treatment planning /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Diagnostic records /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
classification of Malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by India...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Diagnostic aids in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by India...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Model analysis in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by India...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
PARTIAL BONDED RESTORATIONS AND IT’S ADHESION.pptxPranitaGandhi2
Indirect restorations in dentistry. seminar using combination of some of the most comprehensive articles giving an insight on preparation and bonding of partially bonded restorations
Porcelain laminate veneers are among the most esthetic means of creating a more pleasing and beautiful smile. Porcelain veneers within reason allow for the alteration of tooth position, shape, size and color. They require a minimal amount of tooth preparation, approximately 0.5 mm to 0.7mm of surface enamel reduction. This study describes the use of ceramic veneers without tooth wear, reinforcing the concept that minimally invasive porcelain laminate veneers could become versatile and conservative allies in the fi eld of esthetic dentistry. Keywords: Ceramics, dentin-bonding agents, esthetics
Overview: Dental restoration has taken up dental composites as it is handier and gives a more esthetic look. However, taking care of what percentage of composites and with what thickness it has makes it more convenient to use. One has to know the problems associated with composite usage.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
3. LAMINATE: A superfacial display in multiple layers.
VENEER: A thin layer of restorative material placed over a tooth surface,
to improve the aesthetics of a tooth, or to protect a damaged tooth surface and
known as dental laminates.
4. COMPOSITE RESIN LAMINATE
VENEERS:
A thin bonded Composite resin which apply to teeth to improve appearance or aesthetics of
teeth. They are used to change the colour, shape, size of teeth to make them more attractive
appearance.
.
5. HISTORY OF COMPOSITE VENEERS:
Veneers were invented by dentist named Charles Pincus in 1937s by attached thin labial
porcelain veneers temporarily with denture adhesive powder to
enhance the appearance of Hollywood Stars for close-up photographs.
1956—BIS – GMA RESIN the major advancement for strong resin, high polymerization shrinkage
8-12%.
1962– SILANE COUPLING AGENTS INTRODUCED
MACRO FILLED COMPOSITES DEVELOPED to improve mechanical properties & reduce
shrinkage
1970 –ACID ETCHING INTRODUCED, The second evolution of Veneers through Etching tooth
structure.
1976 – MICRO FILLED COMPOSITES DEVELOPED
MID 1980– HYBRID COMPOSITES DEVELOPED + Light cure
2002 – NANO FILLED COMPOSITES
6. -Esthetically compromised anterior teeth.
- Stained or darkened teeth.
- hypo calcification.
- Closure of Diastema.
-Peg Laterals , Chipped Teeth, Microdontia.
-Rotated and mal posed teeth.
-Lingual position.
-Stained restoration.
-foreshortened teeth.
-Tooth brush abrasions.
10. - Excessive interdental spacing.
- Poor oral hygiene.
- Clenching & Bruxing
- Extreme midline deviations.
- High caries index.
- Extensive existing restoration.
- Posterior teeth.
- Edge to edge or cross bite.
- people with healthy teeth.
- Crowding with inadequate enamel present.
- Periodontal disease.
11. - Excessive inter dental spacing.
- Clenching & Bruxing.
- Extreme midline deviations.
- Edge to edge or cross bite.
12. ADVANTAGES OF COMPOSITE VENEERS:
1) Esthetics.
2) Veneers is more conservative tooth preparation. .
3) Bonded to the tooth structure.
4) Repair potential.
5) Chair-side control of the anatomy & easy polished.
6) low thermal conductivity.
7) Less expensive.
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF COMPOSITE VENEERS:
1) Tend to discolor.
2) Wear out quickly.
3) Marginal staining.
4) Shade matching difficulty.
5) Often require repair and replacement.
13. TUTORIAL:
WHY THE COMPOSITE VENEERS ARE REQUIRED ?
They are resin based dental materials with fillers of very small particles. the size filler particles is important to
achieve high polish able & stain resistant Composite veneers.
To achieve excellent results, Composite veneers are technically and artistically very demanding. They should be
Understands dental materials very well.
HOW LONG DO COMPOSITE VENEERS LAST ?
The longevity of Composite veneers depends many factors:
type of material and procedure in doing them.
Average Composite veneers are expected to last between 5– 10 years.
WHAT ARE THE ALTERNATIVES TO COMPOSITE VENEERS ?
Different treatments can be suggested. For example, to close gaps and re-align teeth, Orthodontic treatment
such as Invisalign can be considered.
For a full Smile makeover and improvement esthetics in multiple teeth, Porcelain veneers considered.
14. WHAT PORCELAIN VENEERS CAN
DO ?
It can correct uneven or warped teeth.
It can correct worn out tooth enamel.
It preserves the damaged tooth surfaces therefore reducing
the need for extensive dental treatments.
It corrects uneven teeth spacing and gaps.
It can also correct stained or discolored teeth.
It can controlled of the sensitive teeth.
To achieve excellent results, Composite veneers are technically and artistically very demanding.
They should be Understand dental materials very well.
15. DENTAL COMPOSITE:
Consist of (resin matrix & filler distribution) for example we needs increase modulus of elasticity + strength +
decreasing shrinkage + coefficient of thermal expansion + optimum translucency filler incorporation helps in
all theses things.
COMPONENTS:
Organic Matrix
Inorganic Filler
Coupling agent
Inhibitors & accelerators
Pigments
Resin matrix:
Monomer (Bis-GMA) (bisphenol-A glyceryl methacrylate) - (UDMA) (urethane dimethacylate)
strength.&Diluent (TEGDMA) (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate) added to increase flow and handling
If the composite is made up of just the resin matrix, it is called Unfilled Resin.
MATRIX
Phase that a solid mass and bonds to tooth structure.
Weakest and the least wear resistant phase
Absorbs water, stain and discolor
Minimize the filler content
16. Silica, Carbon glass, barium glass, quartz, ceramic.
Fillers are placed in dental composites to reduce shrinkage upon curing.
Physical properties of composite improved by fillers, however, composite characteristics change based on filler
material, surface, size, load, shape.
The classes of composites generally based on size of filler particles
:Macro filled composites (Traditional, or Conventional composites)
-first type composte appeared in 1960s
-size filler particles 8-12 m
-Excessive shrinkage in composite because leave gap between tooth & composite & reducing by increase glass
filler.
not polishable causing accumulation of plaque and stain & Air Bubbles on surface.
- wear is major disadvantage of macrofilled composites.
NB: less acrylic & more fillers its better,but resin used to glue silica particles together, It gives un-polymerize
material
-difficult handling.
Hybrid composites:
- contain different particle sizes. formulated in 1980's, they include about 75% conventional size particles (1-3 micron) & about 8%
sub micron size (0.2-0.4 micron)
- not retain a high polish for long, due to the tendency of the largest particles to surface but retain proper working characteristics +
wear resistant because contain submicron particles which difficult to dislodge + higher density with glass particles
Inorganic
Filler
placing restoration on anterior tooth. optimal choice would be hybrid for strength, when needs translucency & light
transmission at incisal edge, The optimal choice micro fill or Nano fill.
17. Micro hybrids :
-They use three particle sizes for more efficiency, and range size particles (0.6 -0.7 microns).
-greater polish ability but lower density.
-achieve superior color optics by using small filler particles between larger particles, also resin hardeners, to maintain a surface polish
during prolonged function.
- working characteristics as hybrid composite.
- superior esthetics especially for anterior restorations by using uniformly cut small filler particles between larger particles, resin
hardeners help to maintain a surface polish during prolonged function .
- mechanical properties strong for rebuilding incisal edges on anterior teeth
- particle size and esthetic qualities make them especially attractive for any anterior restoration.
Brands as Tetric Ceram, Charisma
Micro filled and Nano filled composites:
micro fillers particles smaller than 1 micron, while Nano fillers particles smaller than 0.1 micron
"Nano" has come to imply the newer agglomerated micro fill composites (defined below)
the more micro sized particles composite, the more wear resistant in the mouth.
Used mostly to veneer over the larger particle sized macro filled or hybrid restorations in anterior teeth to make them more
polishable.
The major problem with micro filled composites that tend to be sticky on handling. Their main advantage is superior wear resistant and
high polishable.
Nano Hybrid Composites:
The newest composite & becoming popular because superior esthetic & wear characteristics & high polishability & superior handling
suitable for anterior build-ups
The compressive and fracture strengths higher than other composites (hybrids, micro hybrids).
The mechanical properties good as hybrids and suitable for both posterior applications and excellent esthetic.
TYPES:
Agglomerated, larger glass or silica of 0.4 micron, 0.5 micron
-wear resistant surface
Easy handling and esthetic characteristics which acceptable for anterior+posterior restorations.
Brands of nanohybrids: FiltekZ350, Tetric EvoCeram, Renamel Microfill, Hereaus Venus.
18. OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE
VENEERS:
is essential to achieve natural results with composite veneers:
Hue, the name of color which corresponds to wave length of light reflected by the teeth.
the shade guide hue is listed as A1, A2, B1, etc.
chroma, its intensity of color or degree of hue saturation.
The “brightness”of color is represented by value, which is the third dimension of the polychromatic effect
The color of the tooth usually comes from the thicker underlying dentin
the composite material must be opaque enough to block out any undesirable shades
The enamel layer: is color less; therefore, enamel shades of composite resin exhibit high translucency.
Renamel Microhybrid Strong and wear-resistant composite + adapts beautifully to underlyingtooth
structure + ideal opacity to minimize shine through.
because it has great flow and a thicker oxygen inhibited layer, Renamel Microhybrid is easy to manipulate
and place in thin layers.
19. ADE SELECTION:
- depend on variations in optical properties of new generation composite resin veneers.
- Color varies with translucency, thickness of enamel and dentin, age of the patient.
- Different color zones: incisal edge translucent than cervical which darker (enamel thins and
dentin shows through).
- Enamel is prismatic and translucent which results in a blue gray color on the incisal edge.
- Color deviation, such as hypo calcifications, within dentin or enamel can cause further color
variation.
Automated shade
selection:
20. WHAT MAKES AN ESTHETIC SMILE:
جميلة االبتسامة تجعل كيف
Lips should be symmetrical
A pleasing smile should ideally show canion to canion or premolars to premolars
21. SHAPE OR FORM
Feminine smile
Rounded incisal angles
+ open facial
embrasures
Masculine smile
closed and prominent
incisal angles
75 to 80% of max incisors showing, women more of their maxillary incisors whereas men
show more mandibular teeth
Symmetrical
gingiva
22. COMMON PROBLEMS WITH GINGIVAL
ESTHETIC:
- Excessive root surface exposure
- Loss of papilla between teeth
- Excessive gingival display
- Uneven gingival contour
HOW TO DEAL WITH THESE PROBLEMS:
For root surface exposure / loss of papillae Crown lengthening
and root grafting.
For excessive gingival display Excision of excessive gingiva.
For uneven gingival contours Excision of excess gingiva when
23. PRE-OPRATIVE PROCEDURE:
- Full set of radiographs is required (extra oral & intra oral),
- Complete diagnosis + evaluation of the periodontal teeth of each individual.
25. LABIAL REDUCTION
Veneer Preparation is a conservative reduction of tooth structure consisting of 0.5 – 0.7
mm Labial reduction with inter-proximal finish lines facial to contact area.
Using 0.5 mm depth diamond bur, as drawn across labial surface
Finish ling: Long Chamfer.
Place (long chamfer) angle with an obtuse cavo-surface angle
For Exposing Enamel Prism ends to margin for etching.
The gingival margin is prepared at level equal to free gingival crest (sub gingival)
Tools: diamond bur cylindrical long bevel
26. INTER PROXIMAL REDUCTION
The preparation must be extended into embrasure areas to ensure that margins between Veneer
and Un-prepared tooth are Hidden.
REASONS TO BREAK CONTACTS:
- present of pre-existing restoration.
- diastema closure.
- color consideration.
- for proper contour.
REASONS TO NOT BREAK CONTACTS:
-- improve retention.
-- Improve aesthetics.
27. INCISAL EDGE REDUCTIONS
3 basic preparation for composite Veneers designs:
1- WINDOW:
Which veneer is taken close but not up to incisal edge.
2-FEATHER:
Which veneer is taken up to the height incisal edge but the edges is not
Reduced.
3-BEVEL:
Which a Bucco-palatal bevel is prepared across full width of preparation
with some reduction of incisal length of the tooth.
28. BASICS POINT DURING VENEER PREPARATION:
Avoid undercuts and Visualize path of insertion.
Connect between depth cuts and margins, to prevent areas of
stress concentration in composite through all tooth
preparation free from sharp angles.
All prepared surfaces should be rounded.
PREPARING FOR DIASTEMA CLOSURE:
In preparing diastema closure, inter-proximal preparation extend from the contact
toward the lingual.
The greater the space to be close, the further preparation to lingual side.
Also important to extend inter proximal preparation sub-gingival to re-contour
the papilla.
30. ETCHING
37% conc. Of phosphoric acid used.
For enamel & dentin for 15 sec and then rinsed off.
1- ETCHING ENAMEL
Affects both prism (rods) and prism periphery & transforms smooth to irregular Enamel surface.
When fluid resin is applied to etched surface
Resin penetrates etched surface forms Resin tags
Basis for adhesion of resin to enamel.
2- ETCHING DENTIN
Affects intertubular and peritubular dentin.
Removes smear layer and exposes collagen network to achieve optimal adhesion to dentinal surface.
Primer and adhesive material penetrates collagen fiber forms Hybrid layer
Basis for micro mechanical interlocking bond to inter tubular dentin.
31. GENERATION OF BONDING AGENT:
The dental academic world tends to support (etch and rinse system).
Clinicians in practice tend to support (self-etch system), probably because reducing
postoperative tooth sensitivity and predictability when treating several patients at same time.
32. STEPS OF COMPOSITE VENEERS PROCEDURE:
-Complete diagnosis of teeth + oral hygiene individual, Document record, radiographs.
-Local anesthesia (patient relaxed + reduced salivation).
-Tooth Preparation (labial, inter proximal, incisal edge preparation).
-Isolation of operating site
- Check retractor
- cotton rolls + Suction.
- retraction cord & Paste.
-Etching Enamel & dentin for 15 sec then rinsed off then Air dry.
-Bonding agent for etched surface by Thin film layer (shiny appearance).
-Separate each teeth by Celluloid strips.
-Handling composite by Applicator instrument on prepared tooth until chamfer finish line sub
gingival.
-Curing composite veneers by visible light cure 20 sec per each increment layers.
-Removal retraction cord for facilitates finishing composite veneers.
-An explorer used to check marginal composite veneers adaptation sub gingival.
--Shaping composite veneers by finishing diamond bur, interproximal area with finishing disc.
--Additional finishing (contouring) and polishing are completed 3days later + occlusal adjustment
-Polishing tools: polishing fine disc, polishing paste, silicon rubber polishing cup.
33. SUCCESS OF COMPOSITE VENEERS:
Proper case selection.
Conservative enamel preparation.
Proper finishing and polishing.
Proper shade selection.
FAILURE OF COMPOSITE VENEERS:
Marginal discoloration and loss of color stability.
Improper occlusion and its periodontal
implication.
Improper anatomical form of the veneer or
fracture.
Gingival recession.
34. CARE FOR VENEERS:
Proper care of tooth veneers : it important for a long life, shine and aesthetics, These include
maintaining oral hygiene to avoid composite veneers wearing off and giving bad look to the teeth.
Maintenance of good Oral Hygiene for Tooth Veneer Care
Optimum plaque removal is necessary for increasing the longevity of the tooth veneer.
Proper tooth brushing and flossing for maintaining good oral hygiene.