This document discusses research, defining it as diligent and systematic investigation into a subject. It provides definitions of research from various sources and outlines the significance and types of research including basic, applied, and descriptive research. The document discusses the need for research in various fields like yoga to better understand concepts and standardize techniques. Research in yoga is needed to understand how it impacts the mind, emotions, attitude, body, and breath using modern scientific parameters and measurement tools.

1. Research and Yoga
Neela Tamhane. Ghantali Mitra Mandal

2. Points to be discussed
Meaning of research
Definition of research
Types of research
Research in various fields
Need of research in yoga
Research in yoga

3. Research
• Re- Search.
• Enquiry about facts.
• Diligent and systematic
investigation in to a subject.
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4. Research
Research – Re- Search. Enquiry about
facts. Diligent and systematic
investigation in to a subject
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Our inquisitiveness takes us from known
to unknown
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5. Definitions
D. Slesinger and M. Stephensons:
The manipulation of things, concepts or
symbols for the purpose of generalizing to
extend, correct or verify knowledge.
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Webster’s Dictionary:
A careful critical inquiry or examination
in seeking facts or principles.
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6. Contd..
Clifford Woody: Collecting, organizing and
evaluating data; making deductions and
reaching conclusions; testing the
conclusions to determine whether they fit
the formulating hypothesis.
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7. Research is:
Original contribution to the existing stock
of knowledge for making it advance.
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Search for knowledge through objective
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Study, observation, comparison and
experiment.

8. The significance of research :
(a) To write thesis for master’s or Ph.D. -
careerism or a way to attain a high position in the social structure;
(b) To professionals in research methodology - a source of
livelihood;
(c) To philosophers and thinkers- the outlet for new ideas and
insights;
(d) To literary men and women -the development of new styles and
creative
work
(e) To analysts and intellectuals- the generalisations of new
theories.
Thus, research is the fountain of knowledge for the sake of
knowledge and an important source of providing guidelines for
solving different business, governmental and social problems.
It is a sort of formal training which enables one to understand the
new developments in one’s field in a better way.

9. Types of research:
Basic or fundamental:
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Gathering knowledge for knowledge sake.
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Natural phenomenon, mathematics,
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10. Contd.. Types of research:
Albert Elis: REBT – Rational Emotive
Behavioral Therapy.
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11. Contd.. Types of research
b) Applied research
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Aims at finding solution for problems
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Research to identify social, economic or
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Marketing, evaluation research.
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12. Contd: Types of research
C) Descriptive Research: Survey, fact
finding. Only report – survey method
comparison, correlation. e.g. frequency of
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13. Research in various fields:
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14. Mr vishnu shridhar wakankar 1957 bhartiya puratava
vibhag bhopal. Mesolithic age, Chalcolithic age

16. Research in various fields:
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17. Research in various fields:
Yoga as therapy
Diseases of various systems
Brain activity – alpha waves
Rehabilitation
Disable person- visually impaired

18. Need of research:
Doubt leads to inquiry, inquiry leads to
invention.
Research is inquiry about facts.
Essential for development of nation as it is
Application oriented.
Generate climate of science, rational
attitude, urge of experiment.

19. Need of research in yoga:
Yoga has age-old tradition, science of
life, deals with spiritual evolution to
attain highest state of one’s potential
Yogic science is subjective and
experiential. (DçvçáYçJçpçv³ç)
Modern medical science is objective and
experimental. ( Òç³ççíiçççÆOççÆÿlç)
Yogic science also talks about anatomy
physiology, psychology which should be
proved with modern parameters.

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21. Contin:
No standardization of yoga techniques
No proper documentations.
Yogic scriptures are mostly in Sanskrit.
To understand how yoga works, different
components, how do they work, influence
human body.
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22. Yoga does not work only on body but
impact is on mind which influences
Emotions( Dukham),
Attitude(daurmanasya),
Body (angamejayatvam),
Breath (shwasa prashwasa) P.Y 1.31
current trend to measure these is
insufficient.

24. Research process.
Define Research Problem
Review the literature
Review concepts and theories
Review previous research finding
Design Research (including sample design)
Collect data (Execution)
Analyse data (Test hypotheses)
Interpret and report
Formulate hypotheses

25. Research Design
The research design must make enough provision for
protection against bias and must maximise reliability. The
design in such studies must be rigid and not
flexible
(a) Objective of the study (what the study is about and why is
it being made?)
(b) Selecting the sample (how much material will be needed?)
(c) Inclusion Exclusion Criteria, Control group, Study group.
(d) Convenient place to conduct the study, time, duration,
(e) Parameters.
(f) Collecting the data
(g) Processing and analysing the data.
(h) Reporting the findings.( Result, Conclusion)

26. Research work in Yoga:
Swami Kuvalyananda (1920),
Kaivalyadham, Lonavala – Nauli and
Agnisara)
All India Medical sciences (1961) –
Ramanad yogi – Burning candle.
Mahesh Yogi- (1966) TM
SVYASA- Many research projects.
Dean Ornish (2002), California – life style
change-reverse coronary heart disease.

27. Contin:
NIMHANS- Bangalore- neuro-physiological
changes in pranayama
Ghantali Mitra Mandal, Thane. Jail Inmates
Swami Ramdeo
Bihar school of yoga-
Lonavala Yoga Institute-
AYUSH, CCRYN, ICMR etc are funding the
research projects

28. Yoganidra- Swami Mangaltirtham
Brain Electrical Activity Mapping (BEAM)

29. Initial phase of yoganidra

30. Progressive relaxation in yoganidra

31. DçHçÓCç&ç
Æcçob
Conclusion:

32. Thank you