The document discusses concepts related to labor welfare and social security. It defines welfare, labor welfare, and social responsibility of industry. It outlines four principles of labor welfare: social responsibility of industry, adequacy of wages, efficiency, and welfare of labor. The document also discusses social security measures, social insurance financed by worker contributions, and social assistance provided after a means test. It concludes that the International Labour Organization has helped improve working conditions and bring justice for workers worldwide.
Concept of Social Justice, Working conditions in Organised and
Unorganised sectors; Origin and growth of concept of Labour
Welfare; Scope of Labour Welfare within and outside Factory
premises; Theories of Labour Welfare; Role of Government,
employers and worker trade union vis-a-vis Labour Welfare; Role of Labour Welfare Officer.
Concept of Social Justice, Working conditions in Organised and
Unorganised sectors; Origin and growth of concept of Labour
Welfare; Scope of Labour Welfare within and outside Factory
premises; Theories of Labour Welfare; Role of Government,
employers and worker trade union vis-a-vis Labour Welfare; Role of Labour Welfare Officer.
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SOCIAL PROTECTION
SOCIAL PROTECTION: WHAT IS IT?
Social protection measures have a long history in Europe where the European Social Model is extolled as one that supports “social solidarity” and enables the population as a whole to contribute through taxes to help those in need. Social protection measures have become increasingly popular in Asia, Latin America, and Africa with large scale programs which impacted the futures of millions in India, China, South Africa, Brazil, Russia, Tanzania, Zambia, Mexico, Chile, etc.
In the wake of the Asian Financial Crisis and the global financial crisis, social protection policies provided a means to enable populations “in need” to survive and be prepared to contribute to the society once the economy recovers. It has become particularly important to facilitate peoples’ and states’ recovery from environmental, financial, and other types of crisis. Depending on the risk to be mitigated, social protection can take different forms and approaches which have led to a variety of programs and policies across the globe.
Research on Social protection has increased dramatically with the increase in economic shocks and other types of crisis as well as increase in policies implemented in developing and emerging countries. Such research has provided a wealth of information on the objectives, implementation, approaches and impact of social protection measures. This literature review will first provide an overview of the approaches comprising social protection; and consider some of the challenges inherent to defining this evolving concept. The second part of this review will take a closer look at some of the social protection policies and programs implemented around the globe, especially in BRIC. The final part of this review will consider the quandaries in social protection and research considerations for the future. Social protection is the broadest?, signifying the full range of protective transfers, services, and institutional safeguards supposed to protect the population ‘at risk’ of being ‘in need’.
The graph above provides an overview of various social protection schemes used across the globe. They are often a combination of social services, labor policy and social insurance; and safety nets.
In many countries social protection pie is financed by social contributions of employers, protected persons and general government contribution. The social assistance comes within the social protection in many countries by solidarity basis, selectivity and targeting basis, institutional delusion level and re-integration efforts. The social insurance program was implemented for a unified and integrated social protection process. The institutional participation of social agents favors the transparency and rationalization of the social protection model. Different modifications were made in the past decades for the protection of the social protection pie. The information is coordinate.
A commitment to provide social protection to all workers, ensuring that all workers and their families are protected against the multiple environmental and economic crises they face. This we call the Social Protection Floor.
In recent years, retired workers eligible for social security receive their emoluments from the appropriate regulatory agency and this provides more realistic evidence on the better living standard of the aged (retirees) under the scheme. Empirically, this paper examines the impact of social security on economic growth in Ghana using time series secondary (monthly) data ranging from 2000 – 2018. The author answers in two questions: 1) how significant are pensioners benefit payments dependent on economic growth and also, 2) how business environmental policy is contributing to economic performance as far as pensioners well-being are concerned. Using STATA analytical software, the findings show a positive significant relationship between social security and economic growth. The study concludes by outlining appropriate policy measures to help strengthen the current social security scheme in Ghana.
Investigations were carried out to see the effect of pesticide 'companion' on the proximal composition and enzyme namely amylase, GOT and GPT of whole green gram in the early stages of germination. The findings revealed that the pesticides increase the enzyme activity in the early stages of germination and thus increase the metabolic rate. The Vitamin-C content was also enhanced with the use of pesticide, but there was a decrease in the proximal composition of the gram when treated with pesticide.
Afghanistan as a landlocked country occupies crucial geo-strategic
location connecting East & west Asia. This work is also the sincere effort to highlight the
factors which can bring sustainable development and peace in Afghanistan & also those
negative factors which are encouraging extremism of Taliban, terrorism and undue interference
by some countries. Generally it has been seen that the regional powers are also vary in action.
I also highlight the role of regional and trans- regional actors which are creating obstacles
in the construction of peaceful Afghanistan. I have also try to highlights the suggestions and
recommendation for the establishment of sustainable development & peace in afghanistan
through the collective support of major powers.
Key words : Afghanistan, Taliban, Great Game, Durand line,Russia ,Caspian sea,WTC
The research paper focuses on the Indian immigrant's experiences of immigration, nostalgia, language,
tradition, and acculturation in the host land with reference to Uma Parameswaran's literary fiction, "What Was
Always Hers". As a diasporic writer, she has seen and experienced immigrant life in the host country, Canada
and in her diasporic works; she has highlighted Indian immigrants' cultural displacement in the adopted country,
Canada. In the present book, she has explored the immigrant life of Indians especially immigrated women in their
adopted country. Her characters are always live in confusion to accept the culture of the native country or host
country and express their socio-cultural ties towards their homeland.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
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Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
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Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
RESEARCH ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION-International Research Journal's Paper, Arpil-2012 issue
1. International Indexed & Referred Research Journal, April, 2012. ISSN- 0975-3486, RNI-RAJBIL 2009/30097;VoL.III *ISSUE-31
Research Paper—Management
Labor Welfare & Social Security
April, 2012 * Dr. Lata Choudhary
* ICMT,Jodhpur
A B S T R A C T
The productivity of labor is an essential condition for the prosperity of enterprises and the well being of the workers and their
families. While the production facilities at workplace and the remuneration are important, attitudes towards work, and the value
placed by the society on dignity of labor are equally important in influencing the productivity of labor. The planning process
supports the attainment of economic and social objectives in the labor sector through a set of strategies.
Welfare employees. Social responsibility means that the obli-
Welfare is the provision and maintenance of gation of the industry to pursue those policies, to take
the conditions of life for individuals by the commu- such decisions, and to follow those lines of action
nity. Welfare has a positive and negative aspect. Nega- which are desirable in terms of the objectives and
tive welfare is the provision by the state or other in- values currently obtaining in the society. The values
stitutions of a "safety net" or the distribution of ben- of the Indian community are enshrined in the consti-
efits according to some criteria; so-called positive tution of the country. Labor welfare is not embroi-
welfare is the provision of opportunities for people to dery on capitalism nor the external dressing of an
"help themselves". This contrast lies behind foreign- exploitative management; rather, it is an expression
aid strategies which concentrate on providing skills of the assumption by industry of its responsibility for
or "seed capital" rather than food parcels, for example. its employees.
The concept of positive and negative welfare is re- Adequacy of wages
lated to the concepts of positive and negative free- The third principle of labor welfare is ad-
dom. equacy of wages; it implies that labor welfare mea-
Concept of labor welfare sures are not a substitute for wages. It will be wrong
The concept of labor welfare is flexible and to argue that since workers are given a variety of la-
elastic and differs widely with time, region, industry, bor welfare services, they need be paid only low wages.
social values and customs, degree of industrializa- Right to adequate wage is beyond dispute.
tion, the general socio-economic development of the Efficiency
people and the political ideologies prevailing at a The fourth principle of labor welfare lays
particular time. It is also molded according to the age- stress on the dictum that to cultivate welfare is to cul-
groups, socio-cultural background, marital and eco- tivate efficiency. Even those who deny any social re-
nomic status and educational level of the workers in sponsibility for industry do accept that an enterprise
various industries. In its broad connotation, the term must introduce all such labor welfare measures which
welfare refers to a state of living of an individual or promote efficiency (Marshall, 1950). It has been of-
group in a desirable relationship with total environ- ten mentioned that workers' education and training,
ment - ecological, economic, and social. Conceptu- housing, and diet are the three most important as-
ally as well as operationally, labor welfare is a part of pects of labor welfare, which always accentuate labor
social welfare which, in turn, is closely linked to the efficiency.
concept and the role of the State. Welfare of labor
Social responsibility of industry One of the major concerns of the Govern-
This principle is based on the social concep- ment has been the improvement of labor welfare with
tion of industry and its role in the society that is, the increasing productivity and provision of a reasonable
understanding that social responsibility of the state is level of social security. The planning process attempts
manifested through industry. It is assumed that labor to achieve these goals by monitoring working condi-
welfare is an expression of industry's duty towards its tions and creation of industrial harmony through an
RESEARCH AN ALYSI S AND EVALU ATION
39
2. International Indexed & Referred Research Journal, April, 2012. ISSN- 0975-3486, RNI-RAJBIL 2009/30097;VoL.III *ISSUE-31
infrastructure for healthy industrial relations. means test. The general revenues of the government
Social security measures provide the finance for social assistance payments,
The concept of social security has been men- which is made available as a legal right to those work-
tioned in the early Vedic hymn which wishes every- ers who fulfill given conditions. Social assistance and
one to be happy, free from ill- health, enjoy a bright social insurance go side by side. Social assistance
future and suffer no sorrow. The phrase social secu- programmes cover such programmes as unemploy-
rity is, therefore, a new name for an old aspiration. ment assistance; old- age assistance, public assistance
Today is based on the "ideals of human dignity and and national assistance. Social security is the combi-
social justice". Social security is defined as "the secu- nation of social assistance and social insurance. So-
rity that society furnishes, through appropriate orga- cial insurance, however, falls midway between the two,
nization, against certain risks to which its members for it is financed by the state as well as by the insured
are exposed". These risks are essentially contingen- and their employers; whereas social assistance is given
cies against which the individual, who has small gratis to the needy by the state or the community.
means, cannot protect himself. These contingencies Legislative Protection
include employment injury, sickness, disablement, The Government has taken various initiatives
industrial disease, maternity, old age, burial, widow- through enactment of legislations, creation of welfare
hood, and unemployment. Social security is also funds, spreading workers education and through sup-
broadly defined as "the endeavor of the community, porting non-governmental organizations to bring this
as a whole, to render help to the utmost extent pos- deprived class into the mainstream of our work force.
sible to any individual during periods of physical dis- Some of the important legislations which help unor-
tress inevitable on illness or injury and during eco- ganized workers are as under:-
nomic distress consequent on reduction or loss of earn- Minimum Wages Act, 1948.
ings due to illness, disablement, maternity, unemploy- Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923.
ment, old age or death of working member". Social Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
security thus provides a self-balancing social insur- The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948.
ance or assistance from public funds or a combina- Bonded Labor System (Abolition) Act, 1976.
tion of both. Contract Labor (Regulation & Abolition) Act, 1970.
Social insurance: Conclusion
The features of social insurance are It is fi- The international Labor Organisation did
nanced entirely by or mainly from the common mon- much to improve working and living condition of
etary contributions of workers, employers and the people throughout the world. It is shown itself to be
state. The state and the employers make major con- an efficiency tool in the service of social justice in all
tribution to this fund, while the employees pay only a parts of the world. It has brought about international
nominal amount. When there is total or partial loss co-operation, unity and understanding and helped in
of income, these benefits, within limits, ensure the the elimination of poverty and injustice. It has ren-
maintenance of the beneficiary's minimum standard dering exemplary service to all the three elements com-
of living. Social insurance benefits are granted with- posing it -government, employers and workers. Its
out an examination of an individual's need and with- Conventions have been greatly appreciated by the
out any means test, without affecting the sense of self working class all over the world for their beneficent,
respect of the beneficiary. humanitarian and missionary influence. They are con-
Social assistance sidered as the embodiment of social justice by the
Social assistance is provided as a supplement under-privileged. Our country is greatly benefited by
to social insurance for that needy person who cannot the ILO standards which helped in improving the
get social insurance payments, and is offered after a working class.
40 RESEARCH AN ALYSI S AND EVALU ATION