This document provides guidance on writing a report for an MBA summer internship project. It discusses the purpose and characteristics of an effective report, and outlines the standard structure which includes sections like the title page, table of contents, methodology, findings, and references. Key recommendations include using a formal style, citing sources, carefully following the specified structure, and meeting deadlines to submit drafts and the final report. The overall goal is to help students complete their project reports to a high professional standard that represents themselves and their university well.
Understand the purposes of a report
Plan a report
Understand the structure of a report
Collect information for your report
Organise your information
Use an appropriate style of writing
Present data effectively
Understand how to lay out your
information in an appropriate way
This presentation will discuss the following items:
-WHAT DO YOU DO BEFORE WRITING?
- PAPER CONTENTS
- THE FOUR-PART ABSTRACT MODEL
- INTRODUCTION STRUCTURE
-
Journal articles are critically important research products that share new knowledge with the research community, both locally and internationally. However, writing journal articles can be a daunting task for both students and faculty. This presentation shares an approach to writing scholarly academic papers that use a standard and formal structure. The presentation places emphasis on delivering value to the selected target audience with clarity and conciseness.
Understand the purposes of a report
Plan a report
Understand the structure of a report
Collect information for your report
Organise your information
Use an appropriate style of writing
Present data effectively
Understand how to lay out your
information in an appropriate way
This presentation will discuss the following items:
-WHAT DO YOU DO BEFORE WRITING?
- PAPER CONTENTS
- THE FOUR-PART ABSTRACT MODEL
- INTRODUCTION STRUCTURE
-
Journal articles are critically important research products that share new knowledge with the research community, both locally and internationally. However, writing journal articles can be a daunting task for both students and faculty. This presentation shares an approach to writing scholarly academic papers that use a standard and formal structure. The presentation places emphasis on delivering value to the selected target audience with clarity and conciseness.
How To Write Your Research DissertationChris Jobling
This presentation describes the standard structure of your research dissertation and suggests a methodology for its successful production using modern word processing tools.
Students are usually confused on how to start their projects. This presentation will help students right from choosing topic to revision of their project. In case if you are still confused about your project, email us at greengyaanam.co.in@gmail.com
How to get published presentation Caroline Lock, SAGESAGE Publishing
Session at IFLA 2013 looking at how to get published in journals.The presentation explores topics such as: why you should seek publication; how to structure and write an article; how to choose a journal; the editorial and peer review process and author support and resources.
How to revise the submission article based on referees decision (reviewers co...Nabeel Salih Ali
presentation objectives:
It aims to get how to analyze the reviewer comments, to prepare the revision requirements, to conduct the revision author version, to reply to the Editors.
This includes:
1. Definition of abstract
2. Uses of importance of abstracts
3. Reasons for writing abstracts
4. Parts or sections of an abstract
5. Types of abstracts
6. Tips on how to write abstracts
7. Qualities of a good abstract
How To Write Your Research DissertationChris Jobling
This presentation describes the standard structure of your research dissertation and suggests a methodology for its successful production using modern word processing tools.
Students are usually confused on how to start their projects. This presentation will help students right from choosing topic to revision of their project. In case if you are still confused about your project, email us at greengyaanam.co.in@gmail.com
How to get published presentation Caroline Lock, SAGESAGE Publishing
Session at IFLA 2013 looking at how to get published in journals.The presentation explores topics such as: why you should seek publication; how to structure and write an article; how to choose a journal; the editorial and peer review process and author support and resources.
How to revise the submission article based on referees decision (reviewers co...Nabeel Salih Ali
presentation objectives:
It aims to get how to analyze the reviewer comments, to prepare the revision requirements, to conduct the revision author version, to reply to the Editors.
This includes:
1. Definition of abstract
2. Uses of importance of abstracts
3. Reasons for writing abstracts
4. Parts or sections of an abstract
5. Types of abstracts
6. Tips on how to write abstracts
7. Qualities of a good abstract
A compilation of points from various text books.
Report writing, oral presentation. Meaning and objectives, significance, attributes of good report, literature review, methodology, mechanics of writing a good report, steps in writing a report. Guidelines
by K. T. Thomas, Assistant Professor, Christ University, Pune Lavasa
A book description is a short summary of a book's story or content that is designed to “hook” a reader and lead to a sale. Typically, the book's description conveys important information about its topic or focus (in nonfiction) or the plot and tone (for a novel or any other piece of fiction).
As a university student, you may be required to write a variety of reports for assessment purposes
A research report is one type that is often used in the sciences, engineering and psychology
Here your aim is to write clearly and concisely about your research topic so that the reader can easily understand the purpose and results of your research
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. Report WritingReport Writing
Preparing you for the summersPreparing you for the summers
Dr Sorab SadriDr Sorab Sadri
Professor of Political Economy and ManagementProfessor of Political Economy and Management
SciencesSciences
JECRC University, JaipurJECRC University, Jaipur
2. WHY THIS
PRESENTATION?
• Very soon you will be going into the corporate
world for a period of 8 weeks in part fulfillment
of your MBA requirements and present four
copies of your project report.
• Since this report will show case you as well as this
institute it must be completed in a professional
manner. This presentation is to assist you in doing
so. It must be read along with the detailed note
circulated by JECRC
3. Relevance
• This presentation is valid even for
project work undertaken as a part of
the JECRC initiative under faculty
guidance as well as independent
Library Research on selected and
approved topics in lieu of industry
internship.
4. Therefore
• Lets make our reports more
presentable and meaningful.
• Let us make our reports more
understandable.
• Let the report speak for our
scholastic achievements at JECRC.
5. Report Writing
• What is a report?
• Characteristics of an effective report
• Report structure
• Procedure for report writing
6. What is a report?
• A report is a structured and formally
written presentation directed to
interested readers in response to
some specific purpose, aim or
request. There are many varieties of
reports, but generally their function
is to give an account of something, to
answer a question, or to offer a
solution to a problem.
7. Characteristics of an
effective report
An effective report is:
• appropriate to its purpose and audience
• accurate;
• logical;
• clear and concise;
• well organised with clear section heads.
8. Report structure
One important advantage that a
report has over other written
communication is that it follows a
standardised format. This enables
readers to find and focus on specific
pieces of information. Most reports
are modelled on the following
structure (modified where
necessary).
9. Report structure
1. Title page
2. Certificates
3. Acknowledgements
4. Table of contents
5. List of Tabs./Figs.
6. Abstract/Summary
7. Company’s Background
8. Introduction
9. Literature Survey
10. Research Objectives
11. Methodology
12. Chapterisation
13. Limitations
14. Conclusions
15. Recommendations
16. Glossary
17. Appendices
18. References
11. Title page
Identifies the report with the following
information:
• Title
• Author's name, position and qualifications
• Authority for report
• Place of origin
• Date
12. Top: The title in block capitals in font size 16 and centered.
Next: The full name of the postgraduate student also in block
capitals font size 14
Then: A Study Conducted at……………………………………………………..
under the guidance of Prof……………………………………………
From…………………………………To…………………………………………….
In part fulfillment of the
Masters Degree in Business Management
at
The School of Management Studies at JECRC University, Jaipur
13. Certificates
The work done is original and must be so certified by the
student in writing.
There must be a sealed and signed certificate from a senior
person in the company on the corporate letter head stating
that the student has successfully completed the summer
project(s). This original letter along with the signed
declaration by the student must be attached to the original
copy of the dissertation and a copy of the same attached to
all copies of the dissertation.
Apart from this the college will also provide a certificate to
the student which will be bound to all the copies of the
Project Report
15. Table of contents
• Shows the section titles and major
headings
• Listed in order of appearance
• Indicates page locations.
• Standard page numbering begins with the
Introduction.
• The Abstract or Executive Summary is
usually page numbered with lower case
Roman numerals (i, ii, iii, iv, etc.)
16. Table of contents
• In the Table of Contents, list only the
starting page of each major section.
• Have a major section for “Research
Questions,” then indent and list each
research question separately as
subheadings along with start page.
• Use a short descriptor for each research
question so your readers know what the
information is about (not just RQ1, RQ2,
etc.).
17. List of Figures/Tables
• It is advisable to include a reference to all
tables and figures included in the report in
an index format, at the beginning of the
report.
• This facilitates the reader to quickly link
and surf to all pictographic
representations.
18. Abstract / Summary:
• [about 1-2 pages] : This is a short overview
of your entire report. It should contain a
very brief but concise overview of your
research purpose and objectives, methods,
major findings, and specific conclusions
and recommendations.
19. Company’s Background
• [about 1-2 pages]
• Page 1 of the report starts here!
• Introduce firm, including background
/history of the firm, its purpose, mission
statement (if any), competitive
environment, etc
• In short familiarize the reader with the
company and its business
20. Introduction
• [about 2 - 3 pages]:
• (a) Background of the project; why
study is being conducted, for whom;
includes a brief summary of the
initial client interview.
• (b) Statement of the overall project
objectives
AVOID BILGE AND DO NOT DOWNLOAD
INFORMATION FROM COMPANY BROCHURES
OR THE INTERNET JUST TO FILL UP
PAGES.
21. Literature Survey
• [about 4 - 5 pages]:
• includes theory part of the project topic
• Remember .. research begins with
Literature Survey and does not end there.
• Your research question springs from the
literature survey
• Includes everything a person new to the
subject needs to know of your research
work...definitions/ jargons/ current
scenario/ rules of the game..etc
22. Research Objectives
• [about 1 - 2 pages]:
• a list of specific research questions to be
answered
• you can put the Research Question in bullet form
• List the research questions in the order you plan
to discuss them in the results section.
• Do not discuss or list any research questions you
have dropped or ended up not addressing.
23. Methodology
• [about 4 – 5 pgs]:
• (a) Type of Research
• (b) Method of Research
• (c) Data collection method – Describe
your procedures and why you chose
this particular method, and why it
was the best option given your
criteria. (secondary/primary)
24. Methodology
• (b) Sample plan. Report all methods and
procedures in detail and use appendices as needed
for detailed information (i.e., maps, time/area
matrix). If you have changed later to other parts
of the plan (i.e., locations, times, etc.), only report
what you actually ended up doing.
• (c) Sample Description. Give your desired and
final sample size, report the response rate
(number of surveys completed divided by all
respondents contacted, not including ineligibles),
and describe reasons for non-response, such as
refusals. Then, report demographic
characteristics of your sample using exhibits as
needed. Conclude with an assessment of how well
your sample represents the target population.
25. Methodology
• (d) Data Classification
• (e) Data Analysis Methods List and discuss the
mathematical/statistical or other computational tools
employed to analyze the data
• Development (including pre-testing) and GENERAL
description of questionnaire (i.e., length and major
sections).
• Put a copy of the final questionnaire in the Appendix and
refer to it in this section.
• If you are using a schedule then say so and include it in the
Appendix.
26. Findings
• Put each research question on a SEPARATE page.
• Do NOT discuss any research questions that you did not end
up addressing.
• For each research question:
• (a) Restate the research question (perhaps as the section
title).
• (b) Identify questions in the questionnaire used to answer
the research question and briefly describe the question
format.
• You need to state the question type (e.g., 5-pt Likert scale
anchored by…., 7-pt semantic differential scale anchored
by…, checklist with 10 items, 4-item ranking question, open-
ended, etc.) but NOT level of measurement (interval,
ordinal, nominal—although you could refer to ordinal and
nominal as “categorical” questions and interval as “scale or
open-ended”—most students who have taken a course in
Research Methodology will understand that).
27. • EXAMPLE: To answer this research question,
survey question #3 asked respondents to rate on
a 5-point scale where 1 = “very satisfied” and 5 =
“very unsatisfied,” a list of 5 different items such
as “convenience” and “cleanliness.”.
• (c) Report your findings and do not be overly
technical in discussing the statistical procedures,
although you might footnote inferential test
statistics if applicable.
• Present your results in a manner your average
readers can easily understand!
• Summarize your key points and refer to exhibits
for detailed findings.
Findings
28. Findings
• Be sure to conclude with a summary
paragraph that gives your interpretation of
findings and your best answer to the
research question based on the data. If
your findings are “mixed” or inconclusive,
say so!
• (d) Exhibits should be placed on the same
page or the next page as your discussion of
the answer to the research question. Do
NOT put the exhibits in an appendix!
29. LIMITATIONS, CONCLUSIONS, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
• [≈ 2 pgs]:
• Include a brief discussion of the major project limitations
• Limitations include things such as time & money constraints, non-
response issues like break offs, non-response to open-ended
questions, problems with your research design or questionnaire,
cautions about sample representative ness, etc.
• Also include
• (1) an overall summary of your major conclusions and
• (2) a list of recommendations, if appropriate, for your client. The
recommendations should be based on your research conclusions.
Don’t make recommendations not clearly supported by your
findings. A bullet format is often an effective way to list your
major conclusions and recommendations if you have them provided
you take pains to explain these points somewhere.
30. Bibliography
• The bibliography lists all publications either cited
or referred to in preparing the report.
• Use the Referencing System recommended either
according to the Chicago Manual of Style or the
European Style. Both styles have been explained
in the Research Methodology Class.
• A report without a sufficient bibliography is not
acceptable at the postgraduate level.
31. Glossary (if included)
• Take care to see that it is arranged
alphabetically
• If definitions are taken from a
source like the web dictionary or
from some published work, then it is
appropriate to say so in each case.
32. • placed at end of a report if included
• arranged in the order referred to in the report.
• This must include:
– A copy of the questionnaire, schedule as well as sample
working of data
– Any technical or very detailed material (e.g., maps, time
sampling grids, instruction sheets for interviewers, etc.).
– Any company document that has a direct bearing on the
study conducted and which the reader, in your opinion,
must be aware of.
– A sample of the working in case the data analyzed
through SPSS or RATS is extensive e.g. 3000 responses
Appendix
33. EXHIBITS
• Do NOT simply cut and paste as that amounts to
plagiarism.
• Use Excel or SPSS output tables and include it
into your project and use these as exhibits.
• Make appropriate graphs and professional tables
(using either SPSS or Excel).
• Each exhibit and appendix item should be
referred to in the text (e.g., “as shown in Exhibit
3”) when it is introduced.
34. EXHIBITS
• Each exhibit must be numbered and titled
• and should contain labels and other information necessary
to interpret it.
• Exhibits should be able to suffice as a stand-alone view of
results, so make sure they are properly labeled and include
legends where needed.
• Every table must be numbered, serially, given a title and
then inserted in the text to make reference to it easy. All
graphs must clearly show what the dependent variable is
and what the independent variable is so the axes must be
titled.
35. IN ADDITION:
• The report should be written in the third person
and in past tense.
• Check your early assignments in Research
Methodology and class notes for help.
• Use headings and subheadings liberally. It makes
it easier for the reader to follow along.
• The student should use A/4 size white paper and
printing should be double-spaced in font size 12
with sub titles in font size 14 and main title in
font size 18 (sans serif)
36. IN ADDITION:
• Take care to provide margins: left- 35mm, right
-20mm, bottom – 20mm and top -35 mm.
• You may wish to begin each separate section on a
new page.
• It may be easier to produce your report if you
keep tables/figures on separate pages from the
text.
• In any case, the exhibits should be located in the
text near the discussion of those figures and not
in the appendix.
37. IN ADDITION:
• Check grammar and spelling on your final
draft! Part of your grade will be based on
grammar, spelling, and proper writing style
(which means professional and objective!).
At the postgraduate level spelling and
grammatical errors are unforgivable so use
a good dictionary and the spell check
provided on the p.c..
38. IN ADDITION:
• There are times when you may need to explain
some things in a few sentences. Use end notes for
this purpose. End notes can come at the end of
the chapter or at the end of the report. But it
must be given chapter wise and numbered
appropriately.
• Whenever you quote anything more than two
sentences or 15 words please indent the same
within the text. You may use italics or inverted
commas to give the quote but not both.
39. Grading
• The Summer Project is an integral part of the
MBA curriculum and every student is expected to
treat it seriously and complete an 8 week project
in the subject of their specialization i.e.
Marketing Finance Information Technology or
Human Resources.
• When examinations for Semester II end students
should start their summer projects immediately
thereafter.
• Students are expected to maintain regular
contact with their project guides @ one
conversation a week, and seek guidance after they
have put in their individual effort.
40. Grading
• The total marks awarded to Summer Projects in 100 of
which 10 marks are for periodic reporting/ correspondence
with the internal guide, 30 marks are for the report and 60
marks for its individual oral defense before a panel. This is
not only for Finance, Marketing and Human Resources
students but all dissertations including all specialization
subjects.
• The final grade will be given on (one) i.e. the original copy of
the dissertation and signed by the panel members taking
the oral defense. For this purpose one blank white sheet
must be attached at the very beginning of the report and
immediately after the replica of the cover. This graded
copy will be stored in the examination record room and one
copy (unmarked) will go to the JECRC Library for reference.
41. Grading
• One bound copy of the dissertations must be submitted on
or before 31st
October 2010 to the respective internal guide
who will read the same and pass it on to the by Thursday
30th
November 2010. The viva voce examinations for oral
individual defense before a panel shall commence.
Thereafter. Marks for Summer Projects will be reflected
in the Mark Sheet issued for Semester III.
• The students need to retain one copy with them for future
reference and one copy need to be submitted to the
company in the format, style and content as desired by
their respective company.
42. Deadlines
• Feb 28, Individual Project/ Research Report
Proposals should reach guides
• April 5, Research objectives decided
• Aug 1, Rough draft 2 b submitted to
internal guides as a soft copy
» can submit earlier thru mail also
» be in constant touch with ur guides
» @ one conversation a week