Commission on Independence, Filipino grievances against governor wood by Zaide

1. Filipino Grievances
Against Governor Wood
Prepared by: White Team
1-ABSME
Rechie M. Gonzales
Amiel Kenneth L. Lasam
Professor:
Tessie Tapiador-
Sagadraca

2. Gregoryo Zayde
Education:
Studied in the University of the Philippines
(M.A. 1931) and University of Santo Tomas
(B.A. and PhD of Philosophy, 1934)
Background of the Author:
Filipino historian, author, politician from
town of Pagsanjan, Laguna
Born: May 25, 1907
Died: October 31, 1988
Contribution to the Grand Scheme of
Philippine History

3. Filipino Grievances Against Governor Wood
The document as a form of protest (Zaide writes for the
constitutional representatives of the Filipino people)
The document served as an impeachment request for
Governor Wood
The document was approved by the Commission on
Independence on November 17, 1926 (Appointed: October
14, 1921 until August 7, 1927)
A year after this document was approved, Governor
Leonard Wood died due to surgery failure.

4. He was also one of the founders of the International
Association of Historians of Asia (IAHA), and president of
the Philippine Historical Association for the 3 terms. As a
politician, he served as the mayor of his hometown of
Pagsagjan from 1971 to 1975.
Major-General Leonard Wood arrived in the Philippine
islands in 1903 after his services in Cuba.
He was appointed governor of the Mero Province,
comprising the southern islands and Mindanao.

5. Major-General Leonard Wood
arrived in the Philippine islands
in 1903 after his services in
Cuba.
He was appointed governor of
the Mero Province, comprising
the southern islands and
Mindanao.

6. Aside from being the head of the civil
government, he is also responsible for five
districts, and the commanding general of the
troops in the department of Mindanao and
Sulu as well.

8. General Wood was asked what he thinks would
happen if he left
His response was “Strife, disorder, bloodshed.
They might not come instantly, but they would
come soon. Moros, whom we have disarmed and
who want us to stay and protect them, and
Christian Filipinos would fight. Industry, trade, and
credit would be ruined, with the inevitable
concomitants of idleness, hunger, and anarchy.”

9. American Flag
"Emblem of Freedom"
"Symbol of Altruism"

10. Philippines and America
Promised that our country would be
conserved and developed for the benefit of
people.
Filipinos were patient & diligent to the task of
meeting the conditions given to them because
they TRUST in the Americans.

11. Calvin Coolidge
The President of the USA
Advised Congress of America
to fulfill their promise since
the goal has been reached
(loyalty from Philippines).
Major-General Leonard
Wood was sent to Philippines
as Governor-General.

12. EXPECTATION
Cognizant of General Wood's participation in
the liberation of Cuba, Filipinos expected
that spirit of cooperation would be
maintained.
Political emancipation would be complete.

13. REALITY
There was a train of usurpation & arbitrary
acts
Resulted in curtailment of our autonomy &
destruction of our constitutional system
Reversal of America's Philippine Policy

14. Arbitrary Acts

15. 1. He has refused his assent to laws which were the
most wholesome & necessary heads of
department.
2. He has set at naught both the legal authority and
responsibility for the Philippine heads of
departments.
3. He has substituted his constitutional advisers for a
group of military attaches without legal standing
in the government and not responsible to the
people.

16. 4. He has reversed the policy of Filipinizing the
service of the government by appointing Americans
even when Filipinos of proven capacity were
available.
5. He has obstructed the carrying out of national
economic policies duty adopted by the Legislature,
merely because they are in conflict with his personal
views.

17. 6. He has rendered merely perfunctory
the power of the Legislature to pass the
annual appropriation law
by reviving items in the law of the preceding year, after
vetoing the corresponding items of the current
appropriation act, in the flagrant violation for
Organic Law.
7. He has made appointments to positions and
authorized the payment of salaries therefore after having
vetoed the appropriations of such salaries.

18. 8. He has used certain public funds to grant additional
compensation to public officials in clear violation law.
9. He has arrogated unto himself the right of exercising
the powers granted by law to the
Emergency Board
after abolishing said board on the ground that its powers
involved an unlawful delegation of legislative authority.
10. He has unduly interfered in the administration of
justice.
11. He has refused to obtain the advice of the Senate in
making appointments where such advice is required by
the
Organic Act.

19. 12. He has refused to submit the Senate appointment for
vacancies occurring during the recess of the Legislature
in contravention of the Organic Act.
13. He has continued in office nominees whose
appointments had been rejected by the Senate.
14. He has usurped legislative powers by imposing
conditions on legislative measures approved by him.
15. He has, in the administration of affairs in Mindanao,
brought about a condition which has given rise to discord
and dissension between certain groups of Christian and
Mohammedan Filipinos.

20. 16. He has by his policies created strained relations
between resident Americans and Filipinos.
17. He has endeavored, on the pretext of getting the
government out of business, to dispose of all the
companies capitalized by the government worth many
millions of the people's money to powerful America
interests.
18. He has sanctioned the campaign of insidious
propaganda in the United States against Filipino people
and their aspirations.

21. 19. He has attempted to close the Philippine National
Bank so necessary to the economic development of
the country.
20. He has adopted the practice of intervening in, and
controlling directly, to its minute details, the affairs of
the Philippine Government both insular and local, in
violation of self-government.
21. He has insistently sought the amendment of our
laws approved by the Congress of the United Stated,
which amendment would open up the resources of our
country to exploitation by predatory interests.

22. THE PROTEST
"In the face of this critical situation, we, the constitutional
representatives of the Filipino people, met to deliberate upon
the present difficulties existing in the Government of the
Philippine Islands and to determine how best to preserve the
supremacy and majesty of the laws and to safeguard the right
and liberties of our people, having faith in the sense of justice of
the people of the United States and inspired by her patriotic
example in the early days of her history, do hereby, in our behalf
and in the name of the Filipino people, solemnly and publicly
make known our most
vigorous protest against the arbitrary acts and usurpations of
the present Governor-General
of the Philippine Islands, particularly against Executive Order
No. 37."

23. As far as majority of the Filipinos, they are
not aware of who Governor Wood is.
People keep on generalizing the idea that
the whole American nation deceived us.

24. Thank You For
Participating 