The document discusses the factors that contribute to bullying, the types of bullying, and the effects of bullying. It notes that bullying can be physical, verbal, or social. The home, school, and community environment can influence bullying if they lack supervision, have hostile climates, or don't address bullying issues. Bullying can cause feelings of fear, anger, and anxiety in victims. Without intervention, bullying behaviors may continue or escalate. Schools should implement anti-bullying policies and increase supervision to address bullying issues.

2. exposing a person
to abusive actions
repeatedly over
time

3.  ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
› HOME
 Void of consistent adult supervision
 Hostile
 Authoritarian
 rejecting
 Supportive of aggression as a way of solving
conflicts
 Run by adults who model bully behavior

4.  SCHOOL
› Crowded
› Not have a clear and consistent policy
regarding bullying
› Not have adequate adult supervision
› Not have a staff trained in identifying bullies
› Have an administrative staff overwhelmed
with discipline problems
› Treat every student conflict as mutual
combat
› Not take the time to track violent behavior
on campus
› Trade bullies with other schools as a means
of discipline

5.  COMMUNITY
› Are crowded because of poor housing
conditions
› Have a greater number of impoverished
families
› Have few or no positive recreational
opportunities for kids
› Have few or no positive connections with
police or city resources
› Allow gangs to be primary influence of
children in the streets

6.  PERSONAL RISKS FACTORS
› Without adult supervision
› Who were once victims of other bullies
› Who are without positive role models
› Who are fascinated or obsessed with video
violence
› Whose physical or psychological attributes
allow them to dominate other children

7.  PHYSICAL
› HITTING
› KICKING
› PUNCHING
› PUSHING
› STEALING

8.  PSYCHOLOGICAL
› VERBAL
 INSULTS
 NAME CALLING
 COMMENTS ON HOW YOU LOOK OR TALK
 THREATS
 ETHNOCULTURALLY BASED COMMENTS

9.  PSYCHOLOGICAL
› SOCIAL
 GOSSIPING
 RUMOURS
 IGNORING
 NOT INCLUDING SOMEONE IN GROUP
ACTIVITIES

10.  PHYSICAL
› Can hurt the young person’s body, damage
belongings or make the person feel badly
about himself or herself.

11.  VERBAL
› Can make the young person feel badly
about himself or herself

12.  SOCIAL
› Can make the young person feel alone and
not part of the group

13.  SCHOOL BULLYING
 CYBER BULLYING
 WORKPLACE BULLYING

14.  Is a subtle form of school violence

15.  Bullying among children often leads to
greater and prolonged violence. Not
only does bullying harm the targets, it
also negatively affects students’ ability to
learn and achieve in school.

16.  Feelings of persecution
 Fear
 Anger
 Frustration
 Anxiety
 mood swings,
 withdrawal from friends and family,
 inability to concentrate
 loss of interest in school
 suicidal or retaliatory and violent.

17.  Without support or intervention, students
who bully will continue to bully and may
engage in other types of antisocial
behavior and crime.

18.  Students who passively participate in
bullying by watching may come to
believe that the behavior is acceptable
and that the adults at school either do
not care enough or are powerless to
stop it.

19. BULLY
FOLLOWER DEFENDER
VICTIM
POSSIBLE
SUPPORTER
DEFENDER
PASSIVE DISENGAGED
SUPPORTER ONLOOKER

20.  Schoolwide interventions
 schoolwide antibullying policy
 survey of bullying problems at each
school
 increased supervision
 schoolwide assemblies
 teacher in-service training

21.  classroom rules against bullying
 holding regular class meetings to discuss
bullying
 scheduling meetings with all parents.

22.  Model behavior that is inclusive and
promotes respect for others
 Create cooperative learning
 Develop peer mediation
 Take immediate action when bullying is
observed
 Incorporate classroom activities that
promote and builds self-esteem

23.  Discuss bullying behavior and how hurtful
it can be to others
 Model basic manners and respect for
friends, family and peers
 Talk with children

24.  Cyber bullying or online bullying is a term
used to refer to bullying over electronic
media.

25.  Keep your child's computer in an open area of
the house.
 Install filtering software on the computer your
child uses or use child-friendly search engines.
 Instruct your child to never give out personal
information online
 Instruct your child to never meet in person with
someone they first meet online.
 Make sure your children know they should not
respond to offensive or dangerous emails.
Encourage your child to follow three simple
steps: Stop, Block, and Tell.
"Stop" the correspondence immediately;
responding can make the situation worse

26. "Block" the user from sending additional
emails.
"Tell" a parent or trusted adult about the
situation.
 Visit the Web sites your child visits. Spend
some time familiarizing yourself with your
child's online world.
 Be a responsible cyber citizen.
 Finally, if a child sees something that is
inappropriate or makes them
uncomfortable, they should report it
immediately to a parent.

27.  refers to repeated, unreasonable
actions of individuals (or a group)
directed towards an employee (or a
group of employees), which are
intended to intimidate, degrade,
humiliate, or undermine; or which create
a risk to the health or safety of the
employee(s).

28.  Unwarranted or invalid criticism
 Blame without factual justification
 Being treated differently than the rest of
your work group
 Being sworn at
 Exclusion or social isolation
 Being shouted at or being humiliated
 Excessive monitoring or micro managing
 Being given work unrealistic deadlines

29.  Significant organizational change (i.e., major
internal restructuring, technological change);
 Worker characteristics (e.g., age, gender,
parental status, apprentice or trainee);
 Workplace relationships (e.g., inadequate
information flow between organizational levels,
lack of employee participation in decisions;
and
 Work systems (e.g., lack of policies about
behavior, high rate and intensity of work, staff
shortages, interpersonal conflict, organizational
constraints, role ambiguity, and role conflict

30.  High stress; post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD)
 Financial problems due to absence
 • Reduced self-esteem
 • Musculoskeletal problems
 Phobias
 • Sleep and digestive disturbances
 • Increased depression/self-blame
 • Family tension and stress

31.  Recognizing that you are being bullied;
 Realizing that you are NOT the source of the problem;
 Hold awareness campaigns for EVERYONE on what
bullying is. Encourage reporting;
 Ensure management has an active part in the staff
they supervise, rather than being far removed from
them;
 Encourage open door policies;
 Investigate the extent and nature of the problem.
Conduct employee attitude surveys;
 Improve management’s ability and sensitivity
towards dealing with and responding to conflicts; and
 Establish an independent contact for employees
(e.g., Human Resources contact).