Renewable Energy Thermodynamics Lecture Slides
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Introduction to Renewable Energy Thermodynamics at TUS Athlone
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Renewable Energy Thermodynamics Lecture Slides
- 1. Renewable Energy Thermodynamics Lectures | Tutorials | Practicals KEITH VAUGH - Lecture 1
- 2. This module encapsulates a practical and theoretical study of thermodynamic and fl uids when applied to renewable energy technologies. Candidates develop their comprehension of these topics through an integrated and applied approach and develop their ability to solve de fi ned problems within this domain. The module contains theoretical, practical and empirical material. AIM
- 4. Identify, interpret and apply the unique vocabulary associated with thermodynamic and thermo fl uidic systems. Demonstrate an ability to identify, formulate and solve de fi ned engineering problems associate with thermodynamic and thermo fl uidic systems. Demonstrate an ability to conduct experimental studies relevant to the domain within a collaborative group setting and critique one's own contribution and the contribution of peers to the group activities. LEARNING OUTCOMES
- 5. Final Terminal Exam Continuous Assessment Experiments & Pumping Project (Labs - due midnight same day) Identify, interpret and apply the unique vocabulary associated with thermodynamic and thermo fl uidic systems. Demonstrate an ability to identify, formulate and solve de fi ned engineering problems associate with thermodynamic and thermo fl uidic systems. Demonstrate an ability to conduct experimental studies relevant to the domain within a collaborative group setting and critique one's own contribution and the contribution of peers to the group activities.
- 6. Title: Fundamentals of Thermal Fluid Sciences Author: Yunus A. Cengel, Robert H. Turner, John M. Cimbala Publisher: McGraw Hill ISBN: 978-007-132511-0 (4th edition paperback) ISBN: 978-981-472095-3 (5th edition paperback) Required Tex t NOTE: The module has written using the 3rd edition, 4th/5th edition can also be used
- 7. Take Notes
- 8. 60% Final terminal exam 30% Project & Labs 10% Continuous assignments MODULE MARKING
- 10. Students work in teams to complete experiments Lab coats and safety glasses MUST be worn at all times when working in the laboratory One report per team is to be submitted by midnight on the day the experiment was conducted The team leadership rotates for each experiment All team members are to be delegated activities required to complete the experiment by the experiment leader Each team member must include their own discussion/ conclusions on the experiment Team reports are limited to 3 pages (not including cover page or appendices) Essay - 900 - 1200 words plus appendices and a recorded Narrated Presentation EXPERIMENTS SESSIONS | REPORTS | PROJECTS
- 11. TIMELINE
- 12. TIMELINE 15 Week Semeste r 13 Lecture Weeks Semester I I Week 2 Lecture 1 - 15th of January 2024 Semester I Week 1 3 Lecture 11 - 15th of April 2021
- 13. Semester I -Week 2 Lecture 1 - Introduction Aim Learning outcomes (LO’s) Course Work Linking LO’s to Assessment Problem Solving Techniques Energy and the Environment Lecture 2 Basic Concepts Systems and control volumes Properties of a system Density and speci fi c gravity State and equilibrium The state postulate Processes and cycles The state- fl ow process Temperature and the zeroth law Temperature scales Pressure Variation of pressure with depth Lecture 3 Heat Transfer Conduction Fourier’s law of heat conduction Thermal conductivity Thermal Di ff usivity Convection Newton’s law of cooling Radiation Stefan-Boltzmann law Simultaneous HT mechanisms Lecture 4 Steady Heat Conduction Steady heat conduction in plane walls Thermal resistance concept Thermal resistance network Multilayer plane walls Thermal contact resistance Generalised thermal resistance networks Heat conduction in cylinders Multilayer cylinders Critical radius of insulation Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 January 15th - First Lecture February Lecture 5 Worked examples Part 1 Conductio n Convectio n Radiation Thermal Interfac e Single Planer Surface s Multi Planer Surface s Heat Transfer in Cylinder s Heat Transfer in Multi Layer Pipe s Heat Transfer in Pipes and Wire s Insulators
- 14. Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12 March Lecture 6 Properties of Pure Substances Pure substance s Phases changes of a pure substanc e Phase change processes of pure substance s Compressed liquid, saturated liquid, saturated vapour, superheated vapou r Saturated temperature & pressur e Property diagrams for phase change processe s Property diagrams and tables Enthalp y Saturated liquid - vapour mixture Lecture 5 Energy, Energy Transfer and Energy Analysis Forms of energ y Energy transfer by hea t Energy transfer by wor k Mechanical forms of wor k First Law of Thermodynamic s Energy balanc e Energy change of a syste m Mechanisms of energy transfer (heat, work, mass fl ow ) Energy conversion ef fi ciencie s Ef fi ciencies of mechanical and electrical devices (turbines, pumps, etc…) Lecture 7 Energy Analysis of Closed Systems Moving boundary wor k Boundary work - isothermal, constant pressure & polytropic processe s Energy balance for closed system s Energy balance - constant pressure expansion/compression proces s Speci fi c heat s Constant - Pres. speci fi c heat, c Constant - Volume speci fi c heat, cv Internal energy, enthalpy and speci fi c heats of ideal gasses Lecture 8 Mass & Energy Analysis of Control Systems Conservation of mas s Mass and volume fl ow rate s Mass balance for steady fl ow process and incompressible fl o w Flow work & energy of fl owing fl ui d Energy transport by mas s Energy analysis - steady fl ow system s Steady fl ow engineering device s Nozzles and diffuser s Turbine and compressor s Trottling valves etc… Lecture 9 Second Law of Thermodynamics Thermal energy reservoir s Heat engineers and thermal ef fi cienc y Kelvin-Planck Statemen t Refrigerators and Heat Pump s Co-ef fi cient of Performance (COP ) Class Statemen t Perpetual motion machine s Reversible & irreversible processe s Irreversibility’s, internal & externally reversible Lecture 0 Entropy - Entrop y Clausius in y Entropy ch s Isentropic s Property d y What is en ? Entropy ch
- 15. Semester I - Commencing Week 2 Fluids Topic 1 - Introduction & Main Principles No Slip Conditio n Classi fi cation of Fluid Flow s Bulk properties of fl uid s Streamlines & stream-tube s Mass continuit y Bernoulli's development (alternative method) Energy of a Moving Fluid Pitot tubes Derivation of expression for volumetric fl ow rate in terms of P1, P2, A1 and A2 Vapour Pressure and Cavitation Viscosity Dynamics of a Viscous Fluid Viscosity Examples Drag & Lift Fluids Topic 2 Fluid Discharge and Momentum Ori fi ces & Mouthpieces Torricelli's Theorem Large Ori fi ces Notches and Weirs Power of a Stream of Fluid Newtons Law Choosing a Control Volume Forces acting on a Control Volume Momentum of Momentum equation Velocity Vectors Impellers Fans Pumps Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 September 12th - First Lecture October
- 16. Fluids Topic 3 Internal Flow and Pumping Systems Laminar and Turbulent Flows The Entrance Region Laminar Flow in Pipes Turbulent Flow in Pipes Minor Loses Major Loses Piping Networks Pump Selection Ageing of Pumps Fluids Experiments Experimental Analysis - Ongoing through Semester Ori fi ces Review Bernoulli’s apparatus/ Experiment Flow Around the Bend Wind Tunnel Aerofoil Pitot Tubes Losses in Piping Networks Centrifugal Pumping (V105) Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12 November Pump Head (m) 0.00 2.50 5.00 7.50 10.00 12.50 15.00 17.50 20.00 Volumetric Flow Rate (m^3/hr) 0 75 150 225 300
- 18. Approach to Solving Problems Need to learn how to make better decisions Ability to identify required solutions will eventually let you down Hard to step back after starting on detail Setting up is key so invest time and e ff ort
- 19. Create a diagram representing the problem Summarises multiple concepts to get the bigger picture Helps clarify the problem in more detail Forces questions to be asked Allows additional information to be added Provides reference to maintain or regain perspective on the unique problem being addressed
- 20. Assumptions List all assumptions systematically Review assumptions at end to ensure still reasonable Tackling the problem Data List all known data Leave Labelled spaces to enter additional values Identify those needed for solution Update data list
- 21. Equations List any equ. you think maybe of use Note equ’s applying to only one part of problem Tick items which equ’s enable you to fi nd Repeat until fi nd all items needed to solve the problem Tackling the problem
- 22. Deriving a solution Write down full algebraic formula before using values Write values in same layout as algebraic formula Write brief description of what you are doing Add new assumptions to list Review assumptions to check if still valid May need to repeat some calculations Tackling the problem
- 23. The conversion of energy from one form to another a ff ects the environment and the air we breathe in many ways, and as a consequence the study of energy is not complete without considering its impact on the environment. ENERGY and the ENVIRONMENT KEITH VAUGH - Lecture 1
- 24. Pollutants emitted during the combustion of fossil fuels are responsible for smog, acid rain, and global warming. Environmental pollution has reached such high levels that it has become a serious threat to vegetation, wild life, and human health.
- 25. Video source: https://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/101-videos/0000015d-3cb1-d1cb-a7fd-fcfd49980000 What is global warming, explained The planet is heating up—and fast. National Geographic, who created this video has a very good article available online. To fi nd out more follow this link to the “What is global warming explained” article.
- 27. Source: https://www.911metallurgist.com/fossil-fuel-production-by-country-mapped/ Research conducted by 911 Metallurgist Fossil fuel production by country mapped (2016) These charts and the source data is discussed further on the 911 Metallurgist website. The direct link to the article is located here
- 28. Source: https://www.911metallurgist.com/fossil-fuel-production-by-country-mapped/ Research conducted by 911 Metallurgist Fossil fuel production by country mapped (2016) These charts and the source data is discussed further on the 911 Metallurgist website. The direct link to the article is located here
- 29. Source: https://www.911metallurgist.com/fossil-fuel-production-by-country-mapped/ Research conducted by 911 Metallurgist Fossil fuel production by country mapped (2016) These charts and the source data is discussed further on the 911 Metallurgist website. The direct link to the article is located here
- 30. Source: https://www.911metallurgist.com/fossil-fuel-production-by-country-mapped/ Research conducted by 911 Metallurgist Fossil fuel production by country mapped (2016) These charts and the source data is discussed further on the 911 Metallurgist website. The direct link to the article is located here
- 32. Discussion ENERGY: An engineers ethical responsibility