Renaissance humanism was a cultural and intellectual movement that emphasized human potential and achievements, shifting focus from religious constraints to individual exploration of art, literature, and science. This period marked a significant change in the societal outlook, where figures like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo embodied the ideals of humanism through their works, reflecting realism and human anatomy. The movement not only fostered creativity but also diminished the power of the Catholic Church, leading to a more secular approach to life and learning.