For BSHM Students

1. Hospitality And Tourism
Management
By - Kanika Jain

2. By - Kanika Jain
HOSPITALITY

3. What is Hospitality
Hospitality is the relationship between a guest and a
host , or the act or practice of being hospitable , i.e., the
reception and entertainment of guests , Visitors , or
strangers , resorts , membership clubs , conventions ,
attractions , special events , and other services for travelers
and tourists .
The true meaning of hospitality “ The warm and
generous reception of guests and strangers . Hospitality
word taken from French word “ HOSPICE” which mean
• Take care of those travelling
Hospitality is the act of generously providing care and
kindness to whosoever is in need .
By - Kanika Jain

4. A hospitality unit such as a restaurant , hotel , or even
an amusement park consists of multiple groups such as
facility maintenance , direct operations ( servers , house
keepers , porters , kitchen workers , bartenders ,etc. ) ,
management , marketing and human resources .
By - Kanika Jain

5. By - Kanika Jain
Definition
 According to Oxford reference Dictionary , hospitality
is the
“ Friendly and generous reception and entertainment of ‘guests
or strangers ‘ or kindness in welcoming guests of strangers “
King ( 1995 ) Identifies a difference between private and
commercial hospitality , where private is defined as acts by
individuals in a private setting such as the home and
commercial hospitality is defined as , meals , beverage , lodging
and entertainment provided for profit .

6. By - Kanika Jain
Hospitality Industry
The hospitality industry consists of broad category of fields
within the service industry that includes lodging , restaurants ,
event planning , theme parks , transportation , cruise line , and
additional fields within the tourism industry .
The hospitality industry is a 3.5 trillion dollar service
sector within the global economy . It is an umbrella term for
board variety of service industries including , but not limited
to , hotels , food service , casinos , and tourism. The hospitality
industry is very diverse and global . The industry is cyclical ;
dictated by the fluctuations that occur with an economy every
year . Today , hospitality sector is one of the fastest growing
sectors in India .

7. By - Kanika Jain
History of Hospitality
The history of the hospitality industry dates all the way
back all the way back to the colonial period in the late
1700S .
Things have changed quite a bit since then the
hospitality industry has experienced significant development
over the year as it has faced world wars , The
depression and various social changes .
Facilities offering guests hospitality have been in
evidence since early biblical times .
The Greeks developed thermal baths in villages designed
for rest . Romans built mansions to provide accommodation
for travellers on government business .

8. By - Kanika Jain
In the Middle ages , monasteries and abbeys were the
first establishment to offer refuge to travellers on a
regular basis .Religious orders built hospitals to cater for
those on the move .

9. By - Kanika Jain
Nature of Hospitality
Industry
1) Intangibility : The hospitality products cannot be seen ,
tested , felt , heard or smelled before they are purchased
. When the sales representative of a hotel room they
do not take hotel room with them . In fact they do
not sell a room .
2) Inseparability : Hospitality services , both the service
provider and the customer must be present for the
transaction to occur . The food in a restaurant may be
outstanding , but if the service person has a poor
attitude or provides inattentive service , customer
customers will down-rate the overall restaurant experience
3) Heterogeneity : Services are highly variable because their
quality depends on who and where they are provided
. In service delivery high level of human involvement
is required . This makes it vary every time the
consumer is availing the service .

10. By - Kanika Jain
4) Perishability : Services cannot be stored . Vacant rooms are
perishable . The unsold room tonight can never be sold
again .
5) Fixed Salary : Supply of rooms in a hotel is fixed . Airlines
adjust to demand by temporarily adding or removing flights .
This is not so with hotels .
6) High Operating Cost : Unlike manufacturing industries , which
offset labour with large capital investments , hotels are both
capital and labour intensive .
7) Seasonality : It means changes in business , employment or
buying patterns which occurs predictably at given times of the
years. On a business site , Seasonality is defined as seasonal
fluctuation in economic or business activity which occurs again
and again regularly during a year as a result of changes
in climate , holidays and vacations .

11. By - Kanika Jain

12. By - Kanika Jain
TOURISM

13. By - Kanika Jain
What is Tourism
Tourism as a phenomenon with its roots in the past
has emerged as emerged as not only to the economy
of any country but also the future prospects of
development . It is a combination business as it involves
multiple socio-economic activities like attracting people to a
destination etc
Tourism can be domestic or international and international
tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a
country,s balance of payments . Today , tourism is a major
source of income for many countries , and affects the
economy of both the source and host countries .
Tourism is an activity done by an individuals , which leads
to a motion from a place to another .From a country to
another for performing a specific task or it is a visit to a
place or several places in the purpose of entertaining
which leads to an awareness of other civilization and
cultures .

14. Tourism is a movement of the people away from their
normal place of resident and work for a period for not
less than 24 hours to not than 1 year .
By - Kanika Jain

15. By - Kanika Jain
Definition
By UNWTO “ Tourism comprises the activities of person
travelling to and staying in places outside their usual
environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure ,
business and other purposes “
By Macintoshand Goeldner, “ Tourism is the sum of the
phenomena and relationships arising from the interaction of
tourists ,
Business suppliers , host governments and host communities in the
process of attracting and hosting these tourists and other
visitors “ .
By Hunziker and Krap , “ Tourism is the totality of the
relationship and phenomenon arising from the travel and stay does
of strangers , provided the stay does not imply the establishment
of a permanent residence and is not connected with a
remunerated activity” .

16. By - Kanika Jain
Phases of Tourism
The activity of tourism has emerged various phases and era
of history . The concept of movement of people as a form of .
Tourism can be divided into the following important phases -
Ancient Period - The ancient period of travel and tourism
movement was quiet difficult as no modern transport facilities were
available then , people used to cover the distance through sea ,
land ( forest ) and as a result facing various difficulties during the
travelling process .The stay was not comfortable as it is in
today,s era .The people of ancient era used to stays in caves .
Imperial Period - The establishment of tourism in the west
started in the Egyptain empire and reached at this peak in the
Roman period . The Coastal empire of China and Indian Mauryan
empire showed the growth of tourism in the east , providing basic
facilities to the traveller in terms of transport of system ,safety ,
security , accommodation and trade .

17. By - Kanika Jain
Egyptain - The Egyptain empire has given birth to emerging
tourism .The civilization of Egypt fascinated many tourists . The
journeys during Egyptain empire were full of environment wine
drinking made it more luxurious . The empire showed some
extraordinary development in tourism and trade which further stood
to be first milestone towrards the modern tourism industry .
Persian - With the expanded and large Persian empire , the
Persian improved the infrastructure in the travel field by designing
roods and paths and developing carries wagons with tour-wheel
structure . The travelling by the traders helped in the improvement
of tourism activity .
Greeks and Romans - The Greek empire played a very
important role in the development of tourism . The contribution of
Greeks in the progress of tourism activity is great . Roads and
paths were more logically designed Greek and latin became the
official language of this large .

18. By - Kanika Jain
a) Festivals were organized in Greece which attracted
various tourists .
b) The early medical science development during the era .
c) Currency exchange systems started during this empire , as
the Greek currency was not accepted outside the Greek
states .
d) They establishment the guide systems , hence providing
information for the local environment and tourist places .
India - The export of cash crop as an important trade link
during the early period . As a result of frequent trade tours
between Asia and Europe , India became the crossing link
between two , showing the Indian predominance over trade
routs . The rich Indian culture and tradition influenced these
traders . This era of ancient India structured the future of
India tourism .

19. By - Kanika Jain
Modern era - The modern era of tourism is a mix of
tourism with technology , the entire concept of tourism has
stretched the phenomena of tourism . Tourism now days is not only
limited to travelling to new places but also has a wide range of
other recreational activities for people of all age groups .

20. By - Kanika Jain
Elements of Tourism
Travellers : Travellers are at the centre of the model where all
tourism activities are focused . Radiating from the centre are three
large bands containing several interdependent groups of tourism
participants and organization .
Scenic Attraction : Services consist of mountains destinations , lake
, waterfalls , forests , deserts etc . These scenic attractions are again
a very important factor in tourism for influencing the tourists .
Tourism service suppliers : Services such as airlines companies ,
bus operators , railway corporations ,hotels and car rental companies
etc usually provide services to travellers independently . The service
suppliers may also collaborate to provide tour packages for travellers
by combining the various services such as accommodation , air
transportation , theme park entrance ticket etc

21. By - Kanika Jain
Tourism promoters : Tourism promoters are in the first layer in
close contact with the travellers , organization in this layer include tourism
board , direct marketing companies , meeting planners , travel agents and
tour operators . The tourism boards and direct marketing companies
provide information and marketing services to travellers . All these
organization usually deal directly with individual travellers .
Historical and cultural factors : These inheritance plays a vital role
in influencing the travellers . A large number of tourists are attracted
towards the historical palaces and forts . Tourists are attracted to these
sites for the purpose of knowing their history , architecture civilization and
cultural heritage of the ancient prominent people .
Accessibility : Tourism phenomenon is incomplete without the proper
accessibility to the tourist destination . So it is also an important element
of tourism and every tourist destination should be easily accessible by the
tourists .It is almost important to provide all kinds of transportation or
communication facilities to all tourists destination .

22. By - Kanika Jain
Amenities / Facilities : Amenities are things such as shopping
centers or sports facilities that are provided for people enjoyment
or comfort . For example it is very important to have swimming ,
boating and surfing facilities at a sea side resorts . Amenities can be
divided into two parts .
A) Natural
Amenities
B) Man –made
Amenities
Sea bathing ,fishing
,climbing and
trekking
Entertainment and
amusement facilities
provided to the tourists
like dancing , cultural
events and camel safari

23. By - Kanika Jain
Tour
A tour is associated with the movement of a person from
one place to another for any purpose . A journey through a
particular. A journey through a particular building , estate,
country , or a given list of places such as by an entertainer
performing concerts etc . It is closely related with tourism activity
. A person can have different motivation or purpose for tour like
vacations , health , sports , religion , adventure , special interests ,
study and culture etc .

24. By - Kanika Jain
Significance of Hospitality
and Tourism on economy
Hospitality and tourism help in generating employment which lead in
growth of income .
It is the one of the most important aspect for developing countries .
To the host region travel provides basis for developing tourism as
an export industry , which means that the level of economic activities
of the area shall increase through the sale of products and services
to tourists .
It increases exports earnings and rate of growth of the economy .
Hospitality and tourism provides foreign exchange without exporting
anything out of the country and it provides more stable earning for the
country than any other industry .

25. By - Kanika Jain
The income in the form of foreign exchange earning from an
invisible exports helps in off setting the loss if any , which the
country may have from visible exports .
Hospitality and tourism focus on development infrastructure , which
lead to preservation of nation heritage and environment .
Hospitality and tourism industry can also help promote peace and
stability in developing countries like
India by providing jobs .
Generating income diversifying the income .
Protecting the environment .
Promoting loss cultural awareness .

26. By - Kanika Jain
Negative Impact of Tourism
and Hospitality on Economy
Increase in Prices - As demand increases for basic services and
goods form , tourists will often cause price hikes that negatively affect
local residents whose income does not proportionately . This makes local
people difficult to meet their basic daily needs .
Economic Dependence of the local community on tourism
Diversification in an economy is a sign of health , however if a country
or region becomes for its economic survival upon one industry , it can put
major stress upon this industry as well as the people involved to perform
well .
Many countries especially developing countries with little ability to
explore other resources , have embraced tourism as a way to boast the
economy .

27. By - Kanika Jain
Difference Between Hospitality
Management and Tourism
Management

28. By - Kanika Jain
BASIS HOSPITALITY
MANAGMENT
TOURISM
MANAGMENT
1) Definition Hospitality takes care of
the accommodation needs
of the tourist at hotels , involves everything from
restaurants , resorts , pubs
and bars .
Tourism is a vast
sphere of activity that
ticketing to a
conveyance in places of
tourist attraction and
arranging a comfortable
stay for the tourists .
2) Clients Hospitality has one client Tourism has three
only the visitor . clients visitors ,
residents and the future
.
3) Focus Hospitality is primarily
centered on hotels and
restaurants .
Tourism is primarily
centered to a means of
wealth creation , good
jobs and business .
4) Category Hospitality can be viewed
as sub category of tourism
.
Tourism captures the
entity and includes
hospitality as well .

29. By - Kanika Jain
BASIS HOSPITALITY
MANAGEMENT
TOURISM
MANAGMENT
5) objective There is one goal to provide
that visitor is willing to pay for
.
Tourism not only aim to
provide good and
services but to provide
genuine experience .
6) Purpose Hospitality is for goods and
services .
Tourism should be a
means of improving
local lives .
7) Key aspects
of course
Hospitality course focused on
various aspects regarding
hoe to render services to
customers in the industry .
Tourism course focused
deals with the general
and technical aspects
of how to manage
different fact of tourism
efficiently
8) Focus of
course
Hospitality prepares students
to work in the field of
catering and accommodation
especially in hotels , resorts
and even hospitals .
Tourism management
focus on all activities
that form the core of
tourism and students
can hope to work as a
travel agent , guide .

30. By - Kanika Jain
BASIS HOSPITALITY
MANAGEMENT
TOURISM MANAGEMENT
9) Key
Areas
Hotels , Resorts , Spas ,
Gyms , Children's center ,
Meeting rooms , Restaurants
, Museums, Amusements park
, Casinos , Cultural industries and beverage manager .
etc.
Hospitality sales manager ,
Housekeeping manager , Baker
, Chef , Restaurant manager ,
Guest relation manager , Food

31. By - Kanika Jain
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