The document discusses defining relative clauses, which provide essential information about a person, thing, or place mentioned in the main clause. Defining relative clauses use who for people, which for things, and where for places. Some examples provided are "A cook is a person who makes food" and "A clock is something which tells the time." The document also provides exercises for the reader to practice identifying and forming defining relative clauses.

1. It’s all relative
Defining relative clauses
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2. We use defining relative clauses to explain
what a person, thing or place is or does.
They describe something about a person,
thing or place in the main clause.
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3. A cook is a person who makes food.
3

4. A clock is something which tells the time.
4

5. A cook is a person who / that makes food.
A clock is something which / that tells the time.
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6. A restaurant is a place where you can have lunch.
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7. Two becomes one
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8. She works for a man.
This man used to be a businessman.
She works for a man who used to be a businessman.
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9. I sent an email to my sister.
My sister lives in Boston.
I sent an email to my sister who lives in Boston.
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10. I love watching films.
The films have a happy ending.
I love watching films which have a happy ending.
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11. The fruit is on the table.
The table is in the garden.
The fruit is on the table which is in the garden.
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12. She works for a man who used to be a businessman.
I sent an email to my sister who lives in Boston.
I love watching films which have a happy ending.
The fruit is on the table which is in the garden.
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13. Do you know the girl?
He is talking to a girl.
Do you know the girl (who) he is talking to?
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14. Yesterday we met a boy.
He is from New York.
The boy (who) we met yesterday is from New York.
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15. I haven’t found the money.
I lost some money yesterday.
I haven’t found the money (which) I lost yesterday.
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16. I was reading a book.
You gave it to me for Christmas.
I was reading the book (which) you gave me for
Christmas.
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17. Do you know the girl (who) he is talking to?
The boy (who) we met yesterday is from New York.
I haven’t found the money (which) I lost yesterday.
I was reading the book (which) you gave me for
Christmas.
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18. We met at a hotel.
The hotel is next to the beach.
The hotel where we met is next to the beach.
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19. I have a friend.
His father used to be a spy.
I have a friend whose father used to be a spy.
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20. YOUR TURN
Match the jobs in A with the corresponding
explanation in B.
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21. A thief is a person
who plays a musical instrument.
A dentist is a person
who is very intelligent.
A musician is a person who teaches things.
A genius is a person
who takes care of your teeth.
A teacher is a person who tells lies.
A liar is a person
who steals things.
Adapted from Essential Grammar in Use
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22. YOUR TURN
Decide which of the sentences is right and
which is wrong.
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23. An aeroplane is a machine that flies.
✔
✗
I don’t like people which never stop talking.
✔
✗
I know somebody who works on that shop.
✔
✗
Have you seen the money was on the table?
✔
✗
Correct the sentences who are wrong.
✔
✗
I know somebody that can help you.
✔
✗
Adapted from Essential Grammar in Use
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24. YOUR TURN
Choose the correct option.
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25. Which sentence is correct?
a. The bag is who I bought is on the table.
b. The bag that I bought is on the table.
c. The bag that I bought it is on the table.
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26. Here’s a little song ... I wrote.
a. who
b. which
c. where
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27. Here’s the money ... I earned on Saturday.
a. who
b. which
c. where
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28. The sandwich ... is on the floor is yours.
a. who
b. which
c. where
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29. What happened to the lady ... used to live here?
a. who
b. which
c. where
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30. YOUR TURN
Two becomes one
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31. They called a lawyer.
The lawyer lived nearby.
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32. He broke the computer.
The computer belonged to his father.
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33. I broke a glass.
The glass was new.
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34. My sister has three children.
They are very spoiled.
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